Evaluation of a medical after-care intervention among deselected elite male Academy football players : a pilot study

OBJECTIVE : This pilot study aimed to evaluate the perception and satisfaction of deselected male Academy professional footballers towards a medical after-care intervention. METHODS : A quasiexperimental study design, with deselected players (aged≥18 years) at a single Premier League Academy during the 2022/2023 season, were invited to participate. The intervention included individualised health recommendations, key medical information and signposting to key support resources. Participants’ perceptions and satisfaction were assessed through an electronic survey. Descriptive analyses (mean, SD, frequency and/or range) were performed for all variables. RESULTS : Twelve out of 15 eligible participants (80% response rate) provided informed consent and completed the survey (mean age: 19.5 years). All (100%) of the participants were satisfied with receiving the medical information. Ten out of 12 (83.3%) participants agreed that all Academy players should receive this medical intervention on deselection. Nine (75%) players felt more prepared for the next steps in their careers due to the medical information shared with them. CONCLUSION : Deselected male Academy footballers expressed high satisfaction with an individualised medical intervention which shared key health information and signposted them to important resources (eg, mental health). Future studies across multiple clubs should explore the broader impact of this intervention among deselected male and female Academy footballers. Football clubs should consider integrating a medical after-care process for deselected players as part of routine care.http://bmjopensem.bmj.comhj2024Sports MedicineSDG-03:Good heatlh and well-bein

Measurements and modeling of ion divergence from a gridded inertial electrostatic confinement device using laser induced fluorescence

International audienc

An Evaluation of Municipal Income Taxation

In order to delineate the perspective of this Note, two observations must be made. First, the term municipal income tax encompasses many variations from city to city in the legal nomenclature used to identify the tax. For example, wage taxes, payroll taxes, earnings taxes, and occupational license taxes are widely used terms which simply disguise the presence of a municipal income tax. Secondly, in relation to the traditional municipal property and sales taxes, the municipal income tax is normally supplemental rather than substitutional. An increased utilization of the municipal income tax, however, should partially relieve the burden now imposed on these traditional revenue sources.\u27 Although the proportion of municipal revenue raised by the municipal income tax remains relatively low, the Philadelphia experience has demonstrated that the difference between the revenues received from the property and income taxes narrows considerably after the income tax has been in effect for a short time

Langmuir probe measurements of the secondary electron population across the cathodic pre-sheath of a DC argon discharge

International audienceCylindrical Langmuir probe measurements in a low-pressure DC argon discharge are used to obtain the spatial evolution of ion, cold and hot electron parameters across the cathodic pre-sheath. The cathodic pre-sheath is formed by a stainless steel plate allowed to float negatively with respect to the plasma. The velocity distribution function of the hot electron population in the pre-sheath is shown to be matched by a drifting Maxwellian that thermalizes across it. The source of the hot electron population is hypothesized to arise from secondary electron emission from the plate. A Bayesian estimation routine is proposed to compare and validate different Langmuir probe models as well as calculating the relative uncertainty between models. The results are analyzed using existing pre-sheath theory for which experimental evidence of the spatial influence of energetic electrons is lacking. The data are shown to follow Riemann's pre-sheath model that the ion-neutral mean free path λ i is proportional to the pre-sheath characteristic length l, and that the potential drop ϕ ( x ) with distance x from the sheath/pre-sheath boundary x0 follows ϕ ( x ) ∝ ( x 0 − x ) / l

BOREAS in 1997: Experiment overview, scientific results, and future directions

The goal of the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) is to improve our understanding of the interactions between the boreal forest biome and the atmosphere in order to clarify their roles in global change. This overview paper describes the science background and motivations for BOREAS and the experimental design and operations of the BOREAS 1994 and BOREAS 1996 field years. The findings of the 83 papers in this journal special issue are reviewed. In section 7, important scientific results of the project to date are summarized and future research directions are identified. An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright 1997 American Geophysical Union.Land and Food Systems, Faculty ofReviewedFacult

MINT-data-v20230208

A public repository for the model simulation data used in MINT, the malaria intervention tool, found here. This dataset contains 2,540,160 model simulations from a malaria transmission dynamics model varying mosquito bionomics, malaria prevalence, transmission seasonality, history of insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying, and projected vector control coverage. The dataset was created by running the model, varying parameters to represent the diversity of settings in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan Africa, and the projections resulting from these simulations are incorporated into Version 2 of the online malaria decision-making tool MINT. Full details of this update to MINT can be found in the article "Projecting Epidemiological Benefit of Pyrethroid-Pyrrole Insecticide Treated Nets Against Malaria" (Churcher et al. 2023)