9,495 research outputs found
Gravity gradient preliminary investigations on exhibit ''A'' Final report
Quartz microbalance gravity gradiometer performance test
Improved laboratory gradiometer can be a field survey instrument
Improvements made to quartz gradiometer minimize or eliminate disturbing effects from known error sources and permit sensitivity of + or - 1 times 10 to the minus 9th power/sec sq or better and measuring accuracy of + or - 5 times 10 to the minus 9th power/sec sq
An RG potential for the quantum Hall effects
The phenomenological analysis of fully spin-polarized quantum Hall systems,
based on holomorphic modular symmetries of the renormalization group (RG) flow,
is generalized to more complicated situations where the spin or other "flavors"
of charge carriers are relevant, and where the symmetry is different. We make
the simplest possible ansatz for a family of RG potentials that can interpolate
between these symmetries. It is parametrized by a single number and we show
that this suffices to account for almost all scaling data obtained to date. The
potential is always symmetric under the main congruence group at level two, and
when takes certain values this symmetry is enhanced to one of the maximal
subgroups of the modular group. We compute the covariant RG -function,
which is a holomorphic vector field derived from the potential, and compare the
geometry of this gradient flow with available temperature driven scaling data.
The value of is determined from experiment by finding the location of a
quantum critical point, i.e., an unstable zero of the -function given by
a saddle point of the RG potential. The data are consistent with , which together with the symmetry leads to a generalized
semi-circle law.Comment: 10 figures, sligthly updated discussion and refs, accepted for PR
Revised Pulsar Spindown
We address the issue of electromagnetic pulsar spindown by combining our
experience from the two limiting idealized cases which have been studied in
great extent in the past: that of an aligned rotator where ideal MHD conditions
apply, and that of a misaligned rotator in vacuum. We construct a spindown
formula that takes into account the misalignment of the magnetic and rotation
axes, and the magnetospheric particle acceleration gaps. We show that near the
death line aligned rotators spin down much slower than orthogonal ones. In
order to test this approach, we use a simple Monte Carlo method to simulate the
evolution of pulsars and find a good fit to the observed pulsar distribution in
the P-Pdot diagram without invoking magnetic field decay. Our model may also
account for individual pulsars spinning down with braking index n < 3, by
allowing the corotating part of the magnetosphere to end inside the light
cylinder. We discuss the role of magnetic reconnection in determining the
pulsar braking index. We show, however, that n ~ 3 remains a good approximation
for the pulsar population as a whole. Moreover, we predict that pulsars near
the death line have braking index values n > 3, and that the older pulsar
population has preferentially smaller magnetic inclination angles. We discuss
possible signatures of such alignment in the existing pulsar data.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures; accepted to Ap
The gas-phase structure of the hexasilsesquioxane Si<sub>6</sub>O<sub>9</sub>(OSiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>
Toward An Empirical Theory of Pulsar Emission. VII. On the Spectral Behavior of Conal Beam Radii and Emission Heights
In this paper we return to the old problem of conal component-pair widths and
profile dimensions. Observationally, we consider a set of 10 pulsars with
prominent conal component pairs, for which well measured profiles exist over
the largest frequency range now possible. Apart from some tendency to narrow at
high frequency, the conal components exhibit almost constant widths. We use all
three profile measures, the component separation as well as the outside
half-power and 10% widths, to determine conal beam radii, which are the focus
of our subsequent analysis. These radii at different frequencies are well
fitted by a relationship introduced by Thorsett (1991), but the resulting
parameters are highly correlated. Three different types of behavior are found:
one group of stars exhibits a continuous variation of beam radius which can be
extrapolated down to the stellar surface along the ``last open field lines''; a
second group exhibits beam radii which asymptotically approach a minimum high
frequency value that is 3--5 times larger; and a third set shows almost no
spectral change in beam radius at all. The first two behaviors are associated
with outer-cone component pairs; whereas the constant separation appears to
reflect inner-cone emission.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical
Journal, uses aaste
Coherently Dedispersed Polarimetry of Millisecond Pulsars
We present a large sample of high-precision, coherently-dedispersed
polarization profiles of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) at frequencies between 410
and 1414 MHz. These data include the first polarimetric observations of several
of the pulsars, and the first low-frequency polarization profiles for others.
Our observations support previous suggestions that the pulse shapes and
polarimetry of MSPs are more complex than those of their slower relatives. An
immediate conclusion is that polarimetry-based classification schemes proposed
for young pulsars are of only limited use when applied to millisecond pulsars.Comment: 28 pages, 10 figures. Text matches version that appeared in ApJS.
Full paper with high-resolution figures available at
ftp://ftp.jb.man.ac.uk/pub/psr/papers/msppolpton.ps.g
Empathy and its associations with age and sociodemographic characteristics in a large UK population sample
OBJECTIVES: Empathy is fundamental to social cognition, driving prosocial behaviour and mental health but associations with aging and other socio-demographic characteristics are unclear. We therefore aimed to characterise associations of these characteristics with two main self-reported components of empathy, namely empathic-concern (feeling compassion) and perspective-taking (understanding others’ perspective). METHODS: We asked participants in an internet-based survey of UK-dwelling adults aged ≥18 years to complete the Interpersonal Reactivity Index subscales measuring empathic concern and perspective taking, and sociodemographic and personality questionnaires. We weighted the sample to be UK population representative and employed multivariable weighted linear regression models. RESULTS: In 30,033 respondents, mean empathic concern score was 3.86 (95% confidence interval 3.85, 3.88) and perspective taking was 3.57 (3.56. 3.59); the correlation between these sub-scores was 0.45 (p < 0.001). Empathic concern and perspective taking followed an inverse-u shape trajectory in women with peak between 40 and 50 years whereas in men, perspective taking declines with age but empathic concern increase.
In fully adjusted models, greater empathic concern was associated with female gender, non-white ethnicity, having more education, working in health, social-care, or childcare professions, and having higher neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience and agreeableness traits. Perspective taking was associated with younger age, female gender, more education, employment in health or social-care, neuroticism, openness, and agreeableness. CONCLUSIONS: Empathic compassion and understanding are distinct dimensions of empathy with differential demographic associations. Perspective taking may decline due to cognitive inflexibility with older age whereas empathic concern increases in older men suggesting it is socially-driven
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