A two-year analysis of uterine rupture in pregnancy

Background: The aim of our study is to analyze cases of rupture uterus in pregnancy by evaluating the risk factors, type and site of rupture, management, and maternal and perinatal outcome associated with it at a tertiary care hospital, allied with Mysore medical college and research institute, Mysore.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Cheluvamba hospital allied with Mysore medical college and research institute, Mysore from January 2013- December 2014. All patients attending obstetric emergency care unit at Cheluvamba hospital, Mysore from January 2013 to December 2014 were included in the study. Cases in which emergency caesarean section were performed for suspected rupture uterus was isolated. Amongst them, the relevant history, intra-operative findings and postoperative morbidity and mortality was studied. Those cases in which successful trial of labor was given was also examined and documented.Results: A total of 28,574 deliveries were conducted at Cheluvamba hospital for the year 2013. During this period, 7455 (26%) cases of lower segment caesarean section were performed. Amongst them, 20 cases of complete uterine rupture were seen with 147 cases of incomplete rupture or scar dehiscence. 16 cases (80%) of them had a prior scar and the remaining 4 cases (20%) had primary or non-scar rupture. Thus the incidence of scar rupture is 0.26%. The incidence of scar dehiscence was 1.97%. 144 cases had VBAC. The incidence of VBAC in our institution was 1.93%. 95% of cases were multigravida, 30% were unbooked and 65% were referred. The main risk factor was scarred uterus (80%). However 20% of cases, primary rupture were seen due to injudicious use of oxytocics (10%) grand multiparity (5%) and forceps in delivery (1%). Repair of uterus was done successfully in 16 cases (80%), 4 cases had to undergo peripartum hysterectomy (20%). There were 2 maternal deaths and 7 still births.Conclusions: Rupture uterus is still a significant cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis, immediate resuscitation with rapid replacement of blood loss is key to management of such cases

Synthesis of carbon nanotube fiber via direct spinning for conducting wires

The commercial conducting materials (Cu, Ag, Al etc.) have achieved their saturation due to their high density andJoule’s heating effect in terms of efficiency. In this outlook, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most versatile, light weightand high electrically conducting material for advance generation. But it is difficult to weave them for commercialization.For the growth of 3-D CNT assemblies such as CNT fiber, CNT sheet, CNT rope and CNT ribbon, direct spinning is themost suitable technique because of its simplicity for continuous growth of CNT fiber. In the present work, different growthparameters were analysed for the growth of CNT fibers. The growth of CNT fibres has been carried out through directspinning of as-synthesised CNT aerogel. CNT fibers were grown successfully via optimizing different processingparameters like temperature, pressure and argon to hydrogen ratio. The morphology of as-spun fibers was investigated viamicroscopic techniques such as optical microscopy, SEM and TEM. Moreover, the defects and metallicity of as-spun fibershave been analysed using Raman spectroscopy. The change in resistance with change in temperature was also measured forquality of as-made CNT fiber which shows metallic behavior as CNT fiber has positive temperature coefficient. Above151K, conducting CNTs are dominating and below this temperature, semiconducting CNTs are showing their nature inR v/s T curve. Furthermore, the measured electrical conductivity of as-made fiber is 3.9×10³ S/m. These as-spun metallicfibers can outperform the currently used Cu wire. Hence, as-synthesized conductive CNT fibers have great potentialas conducting wires

Synthesis of carbon nanotube fiber via direct spinning for conducting wires

1112-1117The commercial conducting materials (Cu, Ag, Al etc.) have achieved their saturation due to their high density and Joule’s heating effect in terms of efficiency. In this outlook, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most versatile, light weight and high electrically conducting material for advance generation. But it is difficult to weave them for commercialization. For the growth of 3-D CNT assemblies such as CNT fiber, CNT sheet, CNT rope and CNT ribbon, direct spinning is the most suitable technique because of its simplicity for continuous growth of CNT fiber. In the present work, different growth parameters were analysed for the growth of CNT fibers. The growth of CNT fibres has been carried out through direct spinning of as-synthesised CNT aerogel. CNT fibers were grown successfully via optimizing different processing parameters like temperature, pressure and argon to hydrogen ratio. The morphology of as-spun fibers was investigated via microscopic techniques such as optical microscopy, SEM and TEM. Moreover, the defects and metallicity of as-spun fibers have been analysed using Raman spectroscopy. The change in resistance with change in temperature was also measured for quality of as-made CNT fiber which shows metallic behavior as CNT fiber has positive temperature coefficient. Above 151K, conducting CNTs are dominating and below this temperature, semiconducting CNTs are showing their nature in R v/s T curve. Furthermore, the measured electrical conductivity of as-made fiber is 3.9×10³ S/m. These as-spun metallic fibers can outperform the currently used Cu wire. Hence, as-synthesized conductive CNT fibers have great potential as conducting wires

Synthesis of high surface area activated carbon from eucalyptus bark for the removal of methylene blue

In present study, high surface area (1852m2g−1) activated carbon was synthesized by single step thermo chemical activation of agro-waste lignocellulose biomass (eucalyptus bark).The synthesized activated carbon has been characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive-X-ray spectroscopy and BET surface area analyser. The eucalyptus bark derived activated carbon (EBAC) was used to remove methylene blue (MB) from waste water. The pH, contact time and concentration of dye were optimized and it was found that at pH of 5.5-6.5 at the room temperature, maximum removal of dye was observed. The obtained time data follows the pseudo second order kinetics. The effect of concentration study was carried out with varying concentration at optimized pH and time. The maximum adsorption capacity is obtained to be 7.15 mg/g. To understand the adsorption process, the Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherm and Freundlich isotherm were used for fitting of equilibrium data. The fitted data follows D-R isotherm which reveals the physisorption process during adsorption of dye

Cobalt-Impregnated Magnetite as General Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Hydroacylation Reaction of Azodicarboxylates

Catalysts consisting of cobalt and nickel impregnated on magnetite have been prepared, characterized and used for the hydroacylation reaction of different azodicarboxylate compounds with aldehydes, using nearly stoichiometric amounts of both reagents in only 3 h. Furthermore, this reaction has been conducted with the smallest amount of catalyst. The cobalt catalyst is stable enough to be removed by magnetic decantation and recycled ten-fold without any detrimental effect on the results.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MICINN; CTQ2011-24151) and University of Alicante. J. M.P. thanks the MICINN (FPI program) for her fellowship

A two-year analysis of uterine rupture in pregnancy

Background: The aim of our study is to analyze cases of rupture uterus in pregnancy by evaluating the risk factors, type and site of rupture, management, and maternal and perinatal outcome associated with it at a tertiary care hospital, allied with Mysore medical college and research institute, Mysore.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Cheluvamba hospital allied with Mysore medical college and research institute, Mysore from January 2013- December 2014. All patients attending obstetric emergency care unit at Cheluvamba hospital, Mysore from January 2013 to December 2014 were included in the study. Cases in which emergency caesarean section were performed for suspected rupture uterus was isolated. Amongst them, the relevant history, intra-operative findings and postoperative morbidity and mortality was studied. Those cases in which successful trial of labor was given was also examined and documented.Results: A total of 28,574 deliveries were conducted at Cheluvamba hospital for the year 2013. During this period, 7455 (26%) cases of lower segment caesarean section were performed. Amongst them, 20 cases of complete uterine rupture were seen with 147 cases of incomplete rupture or scar dehiscence. 16 cases (80%) of them had a prior scar and the remaining 4 cases (20%) had primary or non-scar rupture. Thus the incidence of scar rupture is 0.26%. The incidence of scar dehiscence was 1.97%. 144 cases had VBAC. The incidence of VBAC in our institution was 1.93%. 95% of cases were multigravida, 30% were unbooked and 65% were referred. The main risk factor was scarred uterus (80%). However 20% of cases, primary rupture were seen due to injudicious use of oxytocics (10%) grand multiparity (5%) and forceps in delivery (1%). Repair of uterus was done successfully in 16 cases (80%), 4 cases had to undergo peripartum hysterectomy (20%). There were 2 maternal deaths and 7 still births.Conclusions: Rupture uterus is still a significant cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis, immediate resuscitation with rapid replacement of blood loss is key to management of such cases

Synthesis of carbon nanotube fiber via direct spinning for conducting wires

1112-1117The commercial conducting materials (Cu, Ag, Al etc.) have achieved their saturation due to their high density and Joule’s heating effect in terms of efficiency. In this outlook, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most versatile, light weight and high electrically conducting material for advance generation. But it is difficult to weave them for commercialization. For the growth of 3-D CNT assemblies such as CNT fiber, CNT sheet, CNT rope and CNT ribbon, direct spinning is the most suitable technique because of its simplicity for continuous growth of CNT fiber. In the present work, different growth parameters were analysed for the growth of CNT fibers. The growth of CNT fibres has been carried out through direct spinning of as-synthesised CNT aerogel. CNT fibers were grown successfully via optimizing different processing parameters like temperature, pressure and argon to hydrogen ratio. The morphology of as-spun fibers was investigated via microscopic techniques such as optical microscopy, SEM and TEM. Moreover, the defects and metallicity of as-spun fibers have been analysed using Raman spectroscopy. The change in resistance with change in temperature was also measured for quality of as-made CNT fiber which shows metallic behavior as CNT fiber has positive temperature coefficient. Above 151K, conducting CNTs are dominating and below this temperature, semiconducting CNTs are showing their nature in R v/s T curve. Furthermore, the measured electrical conductivity of as-made fiber is 3.9×10³ S/m. These as-spun metallic fibers can outperform the currently used Cu wire. Hence, as-synthesized conductive CNT fibers have great potential as conducting wires

Tracking the Nation: Material Sites of Trans-cultural Mobility in China Men

1059-1066In present study, high surface area (1852m2g−1) activated carbon was synthesized by single step thermo chemical activation of agro-waste lignocellulose biomass (eucalyptus bark).The synthesized activated carbon has been characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive-X-ray spectroscopy and BET surface area analyser. The eucalyptus bark derived activated carbon (EBAC) was used to remove methylene blue (MB) from waste water. The pH, contact time and concentration of dye were optimized and it was found that at pH of 5.5-6.5 at the room temperature, maximum removal of dye was observed. The obtained time data follows the pseudo second order kinetics. The effect of concentration study was carried out with varying concentration at optimized pH and time. The maximum adsorption capacity is obtained to be 7.15 mg/g. To understand the adsorption process, the Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherm and Freundlich isotherm were used for fitting of equilibrium data. The fitted data follows D-R isotherm which reveals the physisorption process during adsorption of dye