Something, nothing : space, substance, and sexual identity in Shakespeare

This paper argues that early, "preoedipal" anxieties about dependency, autonomy, the boundaries of the self, the dangerous interpenetration of inner and outer worlds--the outer world contaminating the inner self, the self afraid of losing the precious "substance" that keeps it alive--play a significant role in Shakespeare's plays, specifically Hamlet and King Lear. It argues further that childhood dependence on a mother influences later feelings about the opposite sex and sexual conflicts revive early anxieties about autonomy and independence, so that the attempt to establish a proper balance between inner and outer worlds is inextricably tied (in the plays) to conceptions of sexual identity. In broader social terms, these plays reflect the problem of being (1) a separate, self-conscious individual at a time when the old values of an ordered, hierar"chical society were giving way to a new, middle-class, Protestant ethic of "individualism" and (2) a man at a time when sexual roles were becoming polarized in new ways. As the plays themselves imply--and as the paper tries to show--we can't understand the dilemmas of modern "individualism" without understanding the sexual parameters (learned in early childhood, reinforced by social experience) in terms of which these dilenrnas are lived out

Finding the Original Meaning of American Criminal Procedure Rights: Lessons from Reasonable Doubt’s Development

[Excerpt] “The prosecution must prove every element of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt for a valid conviction. The Constitution nowhere explicitly contains this requirement, but the Supreme Court in In re Winship1 stated that due process commands it. Justice Brennan, writing for the Court, noted that the Court had often assumed that the standard existed, that it played a central role in American criminal justice by lessening the chances of mistaken convictions, and that it was essential for instilling community respect in criminal enforcement. The reasonable doubt standard is fundamental because it makes guilty verdicts more difficult. As Winship said, the requirement “protects the accused against conviction . . . .” Justice Harlan’s eloquent concurring opinion in Winship elaborated by noting that “a standard of proof represents an attempt to instruct the factfinder concerning the degree of confidence our society thinks he should have in the correctness of factual conclusions for a particular type of adjudication.” Incorrect factual conclusions can lead either to the acquittal of a guilty person or the conviction of an innocent one. “Because the standard of proof affects the comparative frequency of these two types of erroneous outcomes, the choice of the standard to be applied in a particular kind of litigation should, in a rational world, reflect an assessment of the comparative social disutility of each.” Society views the harm of convicting the innocent as much greater than that of acquitting the guilty. Thus, Harlan concluded, “I view the requirement of proof beyond a reasonable doubt in a criminal cased as bottomed on a fundamental value determination of our society that it is far worse to convict an innocent man than to let a guilty man go free.” The reasonable doubt standard was constitutionalized because of the societal function it now serves. Winship did not find it constitutionally required because the original meaning of a constitutional provision required it. Indeed, the Court indicated that the standard had not fully crystalized until after the Constitution was adopted. Even so, the reasonable doubt standard provides a fertile field for examining the methodology of finding the original meaning of constitutional criminal procedure rights. First, its status seems secure No debate questions the constitutional requirement that an accused can only be convicted if the crime is proven beyond a reasonable doubt. Its original meaning can be explored uncolored by the partisanship often engendered when present seekers of original meaning hope to define a new contour to a constitutional guarantee. Furthermore, serious scholars have studied the reasonable doubt standard’s early development and its original meaning, purposes, and intent. An examination of those scholarly sources, methods, and conclusions provides a number of valuable insights that should affect the search for finding the original meaning of other American criminal procedure guarantees. These are first that the seeker of original meaning of evolved criminal procedure rights has to go beyond traditional legal sources and explore the broader epistemological developments in religion, philosophy, and science that affected the development of the right. Second, conclusions about original meaning drawn primarily from English and other European sources can be misleading without a consideration of American developments. What might seem like a sound conclusion when English sources are examined may look suspect when viewed in the light of American developments. Finally, the reasonable doubt scholarship reveals that definitive conclusions about the original meaning of American constitutional rights will often be impossible to find both because the necessary American record is absent and because evolved rights never really had a definitive original meaning. The starting point here is with the scholars who have concluded that the original purpose of the reasonable doubt standard was not, as the Court now has it, to protect the accused, but instead emerged to make convictions easier.

Watery words : language, sexuality,and motherhood in Joyce's fiction

The idea of a dangerous, dirty, or lifegiving stream of water, bodily fluids, or even words -- as if words were the essence of life itself -- recurs throughout Joyce's work and becomes the prevailing, dominant metaphor of Finnegans Wake. Indeed, the maternal sea in which Stephen Dedalus fears he may drown is also the sordid, seductive, sustaining tide of life or language which the Joycean artist, absorbing it into himself, penetrated by it, transforms into art. In a sense, Joyce'.s selfconscious emphasis, in ° Finnegans Wake, on the "literalness" of language and the Itmetaphoricity" of relations between things is both "logocentric" and "deconstructive," preserving a delicate balance between the knowledge that words are signs which need to be interpreted (in the context, it would seem, of childhood relationships) and the fantasy that they are a magical essence which one needs, simply, to possess. What may disappoint us, however, is that Joyce's preoccupation both with language and with infantile fantasy is so repetitive, so monotonous, so obsessive. In attempting to deal with personal relationships and personal conflicts by these means, he also to some extent avoids them. This may be the legacy of a shame-ridden, sexually confused culture, whose fathers were often unable to be adequate fathers and whose mothers -- in carrying out the role of what they believed a "good mother" to be -- may not have been so good for their children after all

The Place of Rare Books in a College or University Library

published or submitted for publicatio

Growth of Nanosize and Colloid Particles by Controlled Addition of Singlets

We outline a theoretical framework for estimating the evolution of the particle size distribution in colloid and nanoparticle synthesis, when the primary growth mode is by externally controlled addition of singlet building blocks. The master equations, analyzed in the leading "non-diffusive" expansion approximation, are reduced to a set of easily numerically programmable relations that yield information on the time evolution of the particle size distribution.Comment: 9 pages in PD

A case study of the Fairfax County, Virginia, censorship controversy, 1963.

A revision of the author's thesis (M.A.), George Washington University.Includes bibliographical references

2017 Behavioral Health Board Licensure Survey Instrument

In 2017 all Behavioral Health Specialists who biennially renewed their license electronically were invited to complete this voluntary Behavioral Health Board Survey Instrument administered by the Indiana Professional Licensing Agency (IPLA). The data used for the 2018 Behavioral Health and Human Services Data Report were extracted from the survey data from these files provided by IPLA through the Indiana State Department of Health

2016 Psychologist Licensure Survey Instrument

In 2016 Psychologists who biennially renewed their license electronically were invited to complete this voluntary Survey Instrument administered by the Indiana Professional Licensing Agency (IPLA). The data used for the 2016 Mental Health Workforce Data Report were extracted from survey data from these files provided by IPLA through the Indiana State Department of Health

2015 Physicians Licensure Survey Instrument

In 2015 all Indiana Physicians who biennially renewed their license electronically were invited to complete this voluntary Survey Instrument administered by the Indiana Professional Licensing Agency (IPLA). The data used for the 2015 Indiana Physician Data Report were extracted from the survey data from these files provided by IPLA through the Indiana State Department of Health