Indoor environmental quality in households of families with infant twins under 1 year of age living in Porto

Exposure to air pollution in early years can exacerbate the risk of noncommunicable diseases throughout childhood and the entire life course. This study aimed to assess temperature, relative humidity (RH), carbon dioxide (CO2) and monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), ultrafine particles, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOC) levels in the two rooms where infant twins spend more time at home (30 dwellings, Northern Portugal). Findings showed that, in general, the worst indoor environmental quality (IEQ) settings were found in bedrooms. In fact, although most of the bedrooms surveyed presented adequate comfort conditions in terms of temperature and RH, several children are sleeping in a bedroom with improper ventilation and/or with a significant degree of air pollution. In particular, mean concentrations higher than recommended limits were found for CO2, PM2.5, PM10 and total VOC. Additionally, terpenes and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane were identified as main components of emissions from indoor sources. Overall, findings revealed that factors related to behaviors of the occupants, namely related to a conscientious use of cleaning products, tobacco and other consumer products (air-fresheners, incenses/candles and insecticides) and promotion of ventilation are essential for the improvement of air quality in households and for the promotion of children's health.The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding of Project HEALS – ‘Health and Environment-wide Associations based on Large Population Surveys’, through the European Union's Seventh Program for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/603946/EU. MFG, FF and ZM also gratefully acknowledge the funding of Project NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000010, Health, Comfort and Energy in the Built Environment (HEBE), cofinanced by Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (NORTE2020), through Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER). The co-author CR was supported by a PhD Grant PD/BD/135925/2018 funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) - Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education

SABERES DOS FUNCIONÁRIOS DO MUSEU EMILIO GOELDI SOBRE A RECICLAGEM DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS

The Goeldi Museum instituted in 2007 the Joint Selective Collection Program in compliance with the Decree Law (MPEG / CCTE, 2008). The program aims to selective separation of recyclable solid waste generated by administrative and research activities developed by the institution and their proper environmental disposal, contributing to the socio-economic inclusion of recyclable materials collectors, enhance and strengthen this manpower through associations and cooperatives in addition to the Eco-management of solid waste generated in the institution. The objective of this study was to which coordination of the Goeldi Museum carry out the selective collection and recycling of solid waste. The project was developed on the premises of the Goeldi Museum, only in campus research. Data were collected through interviews, using a previously designed questionnaire. The results indicated that not all coordinators are conducting the selective collection and recycling of waste materials, also showing a low knowledge about recycling by employees, regardless of level of education. Thus the results presented by employees direct their opinions about the importance of waste recycling and selective collection.O Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi instituiu em 2007 o Programa de Coleta Seletiva Solidária em cumprimento ao Decreto Lei (MPEG/CCTE, 2008). O programa tem como objetivo a separação seletiva dos resíduos sólidos recicláveis gerados pelas atividades administrativas e de pesquisa desenvolvidas pela instituição e sua correta destinação socioambiental, contribuindo para a inclusão socioeconômica dos catadores de matérias recicláveis, a fim de valorizar e fortalecer essa mão de obra por intermédio de associações e cooperativas além da gestão ecologica dos resíduos sólidos gerados na instituição. O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer quais coordenações do Museu Goeldi realizam a coleta seletiva e a reciclagem de seus resíduos sólidos. O projeto foi desenvolvido nas dependências do Museu Goeldi, somente no campus de pesquisa. Os dados foram coletados através da aplicação de questionário, previamente elaborado e foram analisados através da estatistica descritva. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que nem todas as coordenações estão realizando a coleta seletiva e reciclagem de seus resíduos, mostrando também um baixo conhecimento a respeito da reciclagem por parte dos funcionários, independentemente do nível de escolaridade. Dessa forma os resultados apresentados pelos funcionários direcionam suas

Análise comparativa entre as diretrizes brasileiras de hipertensão arterial sistêmica: revisão de literatura: Comparative analysis between brazilian guidelines on systemic arterial hypertension: literature review

Introdução: A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica constitui uma das mais importantes patologias para a ciência médica na atualidade, o que levanta discussões sobre o uso dos protocolos clínicos de conduta com o paciente. Objetivo: Realizar uma análise comparativa entre a VI e VII Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão e a Diretriz Brasileira de Hipertensão Arterial 2020, atentando para a conduta propedêutica e terapêutica do médico generalista. Método: Após leituras exploratórias, integrativas e seletivas sobre as diretrizes em estudo e de artigos colaborativos obtidos em revistas e bancos de dados de renome, foi construída uma comparação da diretriz vigente com sua antecessora, relacionando as mudanças com dados bibliográficos. Desenvolvimento: As diferenças entre as duas diretrizes são perceptíveis no tocante ao maior detalhamento, embasamento científico e explicitação de evidências para o manejo de pacientes, sendo mais didática e aplicável na rotina médica. Conclusão: Constatamos que as mudanças foram pertinentes e aplicáveis no manejo dos pacientes pelo médico generalista, reafirmando que a ferramenta é válida cientificamente e que seu uso e conhecimento deve ser estimulado e respeitado pelas entidades médicas de renome no país

Concentraciones y movilidad relativa de isoformas de titina después de tres distintos entrenamientos de flexibilidad

La flexibilidad muscular es un importante componente de aptitud física y está relacionada con el desempeño de actividades diarias y deportivas. Es determinada por factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos. En el caso de los intrínsecos, se destaca la concentración de titina en los músculos esqueléticos. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar las concentra- ciones y la movilidad relativa de las isoformas T1 y T2 de titina después de 16 semanas de entrenamiento con diferentes ejercicios de flexibilidad. Para ello, 51 individuos entrenados, del sexo masculino con edades entre los 19 y 26 años, y con por lo menos 6 meses de entrenamiento físico, fueron divididos en tres grupos: elongación, flexibilización activa y flexibilización pasiva. La elongación no implicó ninguna modificación que pueda desvirtuar los porcentuales y la movilidad de las isoformas de titina. Los grupos que realizaron flexibilización presentaron disminución porcentual de la isoforma T1 y aumento porcentual de la isoforma T2, además del aumento de la movilidad relativa de estas dos isoformas de titina. La flexibilización pasiva implicó en mayores alteraciones en los porcentuales de las isoformas T1 (% = -11.30% para p < 0.05) y T2 (% = 21.45% para p < 0.05). La flexibilización activa promovió mayor aumento de movilidad relativa de las isoformas T1 (% = 26.53% para p < 0.05) y T2 (% = 10.96% para p < 0.05) de titina

Anti-Aspergillus fumigatus IgG in patients with bronchiectasis and its relationship with clinical outcome

Aspergillosis is a mycosis, most commonly afecting the airways. This mycosis can worsen the clinical condition of patients with concurrent lung diseases. We assayed for the presence of serum anti-A. fumigatus IgG in bronchiectasis patients from a tertiary hospital in south Brazil and evaluated the relationship with clinical outcome. Thirty-one patients with bronchiec tasis, without cystic fbrosis, were included. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected from all participants. Positive serological tests were detected in 13% (4/31) of the patients. The mortality rate for the year following the assay was, in the seropositive group, 75% (3/4), whereas in the seronegative group, 15% (4/27). An illustrative case is also shown and discussed. Our study highlights the diagnostic challenge and the possible impact of Aspergillus infection on these patients, indicating the necessity of more and larger investigations in the feldinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

SARS-COV-2 AND ARBOVIRUS INFECTIONS: PROTOCOL FOR A RAPID LIVING SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Context and objective: While cases of COVID-19 disease increase daily worldwide, outbreaks of arboviral infections have affected health systems of countries in tropical regions. The outcomes for patients and health systems of a possible syndemic are not clarified yet. Thus, we aim to systematically review the literature searching for evidence that describes the clinical presentation, severity and prognostic of SARS-CoV-2 and Arboviral coinfection. Design and setting: Protocol for a rapid living systematic review, that will follow the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews recommendations. We will include prospective and retrospective cohort, case-control studies and case series of patients with confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and Arboviral infection. We will perform the search strategy with no language restrictions on Medline via PubMed, Embase via Elsevier, Cochrane Library - Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Portal Regional BVS - LILACS, Scopus and WebOfScience to identify published, ongoing, and unpublished studies. The selection and extraction will be performed by two authors. We will perform the critical appraisal of included studies with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). &nbsp; &nbsp

Isolamento e identificação presuntiva de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e coagulase negativa em queijos minas frescal artesanal comercializados em feiras livres de Ipatinga – MG / Isolation and presucific identification of positive coagulase and negative coagulase Staphylococcus in artisanal minas fresh cheesese marketed at fairs in Ipatinga - MG

Introdução: dentre os diferentes tipos de queijos existentes no Brasil, o Minas Frescal Artesanal destaca-se por ser um produto alimentício bastante consumido e frequentemente fabricado com higiene precária. Por apresentar alto teor de umidade e baixo teor de sal, o queijo Minas Frescal Artesanal é susceptível a contaminações microbianas resultantes, tanto do leite utilizado como matéria-prima, como de contaminações cruzadas na manipulação e no pós-processamento. Os microrganismos contaminantes podem causar deterioração do produto ou até doenças em quem o ingerir, como a intoxicação alimentar. Objetivos: o estudo objetiva verificar de forma presuntiva a existência de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e negativa por meio do isolamento em uma amostragem de queijos Minas Frescal Artesanal comercializados em feiras livres do Município de Ipatinga, Minas Gerais. Método: foram coletadas amostras de 6 queijos Minas Frescal Artesanal de feiras livres de Ipatinga-MG, sendo cada um deles pertencentes aos seguintes locais: Canaã, Veneza 2, Bom Jardim, Bom Retiro, Ipatingão e Cariru. A partir destas amostras foi isolado o microrganismo Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e negativa por meio de cultura e identificação da bactéria pelo método de Gram e das provas de catalase e coagulase. Resultados: foi constatado que 100% das amostras de queijo Minas Frescal Artesanal apresentaram contaminação em relação à contagem e análise presuntiva de Staphylococcus sp. Conclusão: os produtos analisados obtiveram valores de contaminação por Staphylococcus sp. acima do permitido pela legislação vigente, demonstrando uma precariedade nas boas práticas de fabricação. Dessa forma, entende-se que a fiscalização pelos órgãos competentes precisa ser mais eficaz e rigorosa nas feiras livres do município de Ipatinga.

Pharmacological interventions for COVID-19: Protocol for a Rapid Living Systematic Review with network meta-analysis

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged in China in December 2019 and rapidly spread. Although extraordinary efforts have been made on research regarding pharmacological interventions, none have proven effective. This is the protocol for a rapid living systematic review that aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of different pharmacological interventions for the treatment of COVID-19. METHODS: rapid living systematic review methodology with Network Meta-Analysis following the recommendations of Cochrane Handbook. We will include randomized controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-RCTs that evaluate single and/or combined pharmacological interventions at any dose for the treatment of COVID-19. We will search Medline via PubMed, Embase via Elsevier, Cochrane Library - Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Portal Regional BVS - LILACS, Scopus and WebofScience to identify potentially eligible studies. No language restrictions will be used in the selection. We will perform the critical appraisal of included studies with the Risk of Bias tool and the certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE)

PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR CLINICAL COURSE OF PATIENTS WITH COVID-19: PROTOCOL FOR A RAPID LIVING SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Determining prognostic factors in a context of health crises such as the COVID-19 scenario may provide the best possible care for patients and optimize the management and the resource utilization of the health system. Thus, we aim to systematically review the prognostic factors for different outcomes of patients with COVID-19. DESIGN AND SETTING: Protocol for a rapid living systematic review methodology following the recommendations proposed by the Cochrane Handbook. METHODS: We will include cohorts and case‐control studies. We will search Medline via PubMed, Embase via Elsevier, Cochrane Library - Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Portal Regional BVS- LILACS, Scopus and WebofScience to identify studies. No language restrictions will be applied. We will perform the critical appraisal of included studies with the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool and the certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE)

Telehealth interventions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Protocol for a scoping review

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The current health crisis due to COVID-19 is forcing us to profoundly rethink our social organizations and practices in health. While there is no effective treatment for the virus, staying home and social isolation are the control measures recommended by health authorities. The aim of this study is to perform a scoping review in order to summarize the current evidence in telehealth for COVID-19. METHODS: This study is a protocol to describe the rationale, hypothesis and planned methods of our scoping review. We will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, qualitative studies, and/or case series that describe telehealth interventions applied or developed to respond to COVID-19. We will search Medline via PubMed, Embase via Elsevier, Cochrane Library - Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Portal Regional BVS - LILACS, and Scopus. We will include studies performed since December 2019 with no language restrictions. We will use the Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to perform the critical appraisal of included studies. We will assess the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE)