Universality in Glassy Low-Temperature Physics

We propose a microscopic translationally invariant glass model which exhibits two level tunneling systems with a broad range of asymmetries and barrier heights in its glassy phase. Their distribution is qualitatively different from what is commonly assumed in phenomenological models, in that symmetric tunneling systems are systematically suppressed. Still, the model exhibits the usual glassy low-temperature anomalies. Universality is due to the collective origin of the glassy potential energy landscape. We obtain a simple explanation also for the mysterious {\em quantitative} universality expressed in the unusually narrow universal glassy range of values for the internal friction plateau.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, uses RevTeX

Dynamically generated open charmed baryons beyond the zero range approximation

The interaction of the low lying pseudo-scalar mesons with the ground state baryons in the charm sector is studied within a coupled channel approach using a t-channel vector-exchange driving force. The amplitudes describing the scattering of the pseudo-scalar mesons off the ground-state baryons are obtained by solving the Lippmann--Schwinger equation. We analyze in detail the effects of going beyond the $t=0$ approximation. Our model predicts the dynamical generation of several open charmed baryon resonances in different isospin and strangeness channels, some of which can be clearly identified with recently observed states.Comment: 7 figures, 8 table

Open charm meson in nuclear matter at finite temperature beyond the zero range approximation

The properties of open charm mesons, $D$, $\bar D$, $D_s$ and $\bar D_s$ in nuclear matter at finite temperature are studied within a self-consistent coupled-channel approach. The interaction of the low lying pseudoscalar mesons with the ground state baryons in the charm sector is derived from a $t$-channel vector-exchange model. The in-medium scattering amplitudes are obtained by solving the Lippmann-Schwinger equation at finite temperature including Pauli blocking effects, as well as $D$, $\bar D$, $D_s$ and $\bar D_s$ self-energies taking their mutual influence into account. We find that the in-medium properties of the $D$ meson are affected by the $D_s$-meson self-energy through the intermediate $D_s Y$ loops coupled to $DN$ states. Similarly, dressing the $\bar{D}$ meson in the $\bar{D}Y$ loops has an influence over the properties of the $\bar{D}_s$ meson.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figures, 2 table

Room temperature spin filtering in epitaxial cobalt-ferrite tunnel barriers

We report direct experimental evidence of room temperature spin filtering in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) containing CoFe2O4 tunnel barriers via tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) measurements. Pt(111)/CoFe2O4(111)/gamma-Al2O3(111)/Co(0001) fully epitaxial MTJs were grown in order to obtain a high quality system, capable of functioning at room temperature. Spin polarized transport measurements reveal significant TMR values of -18% at 2 K and -3% at 290 K. In addition, the TMR ratio follows a unique bias voltage dependence that has been theoretically predicted to be the signature of spin filtering in MTJs containing magnetic barriers. CoFe2O4 tunnel barriers therefore provide a model system to investigate spin filtering in a wide range of temperatures.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

Dynamical transitions and sliding friction of the phase-field-crystal model with pinning

We study the nonlinear driven response and sliding friction behavior of the phase-field-crystal (PFC) model with pinning including both thermal fluctuations and inertial effects. The model provides a continuous description of adsorbed layers on a substrate under the action of an external driving force at finite temperatures, allowing for both elastic and plastic deformations. We derive general stochastic dynamical equations for the particle and momentum densities including both thermal fluctuations and inertial effects. The resulting coupled equations for the PFC model are studied numerically. At sufficiently low temperatures we find that the velocity response of an initially pinned commensurate layer shows hysteresis with dynamical melting and freezing transitions for increasing and decreasing applied forces at different critical values. The main features of the nonlinear response in the PFC model are similar to the results obtained previously with molecular dynamics simulations of particle models for adsorbed layers.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Physcial Review

Vibrational instability, two-level systems and Boson peak in glasses

We show that the same physical mechanism is fundamental for two seemingly different phenomena such as the formation of two-level systems in glasses and the Boson peak in the reduced density of low-frequency vibrational states g(w)/w^2. This mechanism is the vibrational instability of weakly interacting harmonic modes. Below some frequency w_c << w_0 (where w_0 is of the order of Debye frequency) the instability, controlled by the anharmonicity, creates a new stable universal spectrum of harmonic vibrations with a Boson peak feature as well as double-well potentials with a wide distribution of barrier heights. Both are determined by the strength of the interaction I ~ w_c between the oscillators. Our theory predicts in a natural way a small value for the important dimensionless parameter C ~ 10^{-4} for two-level systems in glasses. We show that C ~ I^{-3} and decreases with increasing of the interaction strength I. We show that the number of active two-level systems is very small, less than one per ten million of oscillators, in a good agreement with experiment. Within the unified approach developed in the present paper the density of the tunneling states and the density of vibrational states at the Boson peak frequency are interrelated.Comment: 28 pages, 3 figure

Qualidade da manga e polpa da manga Ubá.

A manga Ubá (Mangifera indica L. variedade Ubá) possui excelentes qualidades de sabor e aroma, além de sua polpa ser amarelada, saborosa e suculenta. Contém teor de sólidos solúveis, em torno de 14 °Brix, acidez de 0,2% em ácido cítrico e ratio 70, além de ser rica em potássio e vitaminas A e C. A fruta possui fibras curtas e macias, podendo ser consumida ao natural e ser utilizada na industrialização, especialmente para elaboração de polpa e suco. Esta variedade possui excelente rendimento industrial por reduzir sensivelmente os custos de processamento durante o preparo, com conseqüente redução nos custos de produção. Para isso, determinou-se a qualidade da manga Ubá fornecida a uma agroindústria produtora de polpas e sucos na Região da Zona da Mata Mineira, com análises laboratoriais da fruta e da polpa. Durante a safra 2003/2004 as Mangas Sujas (MS), assim denominadas as frutas que chegavam à indústria, apresentaram contagem inicial média de 7,34 log UFC de mesófilos aeróbios/manga e após a higienização, denominadas de Mangas Higienizadas (MH), cuja média era de 5,62 log UFC/manga, apresentando redução média de 1,72 ciclos log. na safra 2004/2005, as MS apresentaram contagem inicial média de 7,02 log UFC de mesófilos aeróbios/manga e as MH, média de 5,76 log UFC/manga, apresentando redução média de 1,52 ciclos log. A polpa de manga apresentou valores para pH, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável, relação sólidos solúveis totais/acidez total titulável (ratio), sólidos totais e açúcares totais solúveis dentro dos exigidos pela legislação. As coordenadas de cor apresentaram valores indicando que a polpa possui cor característica amarelo-alaranjado. Quality of the fruits and pulp of Uba mango. Abstract: Uba mango (Mangifera indicates L. var. Uba) has excellent flavor qualities and a tasty, yellow and succulent pulp. It contains a high content of soluble solids, around 14 degrees Brix, acidity of 0.2% as citric acid and ratio 70, besides being rich in potassium and vitamins A and C. The fruit has soft and short fibers, and can be consumed fresh or be industrialized, especially for the production of pulp and juice. This variety possesses an excellent industrialization yield, by greatly reducing processing, with a consequent reduction in the final production costs. Uba mango supplied to a pulp and juice agroindustry in the Zona da Mata Mineira area had its quality determined through fruit and pulp analyses. During the 2003/2004 harvest period, the Dirty Mangos (DM), as were denominated the fruits that arrived at the industry, presented an average initial count of 7.34 log CFU mesophyllic aerobics/mango. After cleaning, the fruits were called Clean Mangos (CM), and had an average of 5.62 log CFU/mango, presenting an average reduction of 1.72 log cycles. In the 2004/2005 harvest period, the DM presented an average initial count of 7.02 log CFU mesophyllic aerobics/mango and the CM, an average of 5.76 log CFU/mango, with an average reduction of 1.52 log cycles. The mango pulp presented values for pH, total soluble solids, total acidity, total soluble solids/total acidity ratio, total solids and total soluble sugars, in accordance with the legislation requirements. The color coordinates presented values indicating that the pulp has a yellow-orange characteristic color