Weakly θ-I-Closed Sets and Weakly θ-I-continuous functions with respect to an Ideal Topological Spaces

In this paper, we introduce \breve{\theta}-\mathcal{I}-closed sets, \breve{\theta}-\mathcal{I}-closed sets, \breve{\theta}-\mathcal{I}-continuous functions and \breve{\theta}-\mathcal{I}-continuous functions and investigate their properties and its characterizations. After that we introduce weakly \breve{\theta}-\mathcal{I}-continuous functions and study the relationship between other types of continuous functions with suitable examples

Some New θ-I-Locally Closed sets with Respect to an Ideal Topological Spaces

In this paper, we introduce the new notions called \breve{\mathbit{\theta}}-\mathbf{I}-locally closed sets, \breve{\mathbit{\theta}}-\mathbf{I}-locally closed sets and \breve{\mathbit{\theta}}-\mathbf{I}-closed functions and investigated their properties and also we have studied their relations to the other types of locally closed sets with suitable examples. Finally we introduce the notion \breve{\mathbit{\theta}}-\mathbf{I}-submaximal spaces and also investigated the properties with examples

Enhancement of Solar Panel Efficiency with the Adoption of Antireflective Coating Techniques

261-265Solar, one of the major sources of renewable energy these days can also be used to generate electrical energy. Some losses occur on the surface of the solar panel and thereby reduces the efficiency and the lifetime of the solar panel. The main intention of this work is to reduce the reflective losses by coating antireflective materials and to reduce the thermal losses by selecting the necessary cooling technique from the several cooling techniques proposed. This reduction in losses consequently improves the lifetime and the efficiency of the solar panel. The antireflective chemical adopted in this method is Zinc sulfide and Silicon dioxide (ZnS-SiO2-ZnS). The FLIR image is also included in this paper for clearly understanding the effect of antireflective materials on the solar panel. This method is the most economical and consists of several advantages compared to other methods. This work can further be improved by combining the proposed cooling techniques along with the antireflective materials

Early Cenozoic rapid flight enigma of the Indian subcontinent resolved: roles of topographic top loading and subcrustal erosion

Intrinsic magmatic processes are considered as critical operators of plate movements. Here we demonstrate the role of extrinsic processes consequent to intrinsic processes as a catalyst for anomalous rapid plate movement. The rapid and accelerated flight of the Indian subcontinent since Deccan volcanism until its collision with Eurasia remains as one of the geological conundrums. Data on seismic tomography, peninsular geomorphology and inferences on continuum of subcrustal structures are utilized to address this enigma. We propose geomorphic isostasy as the mechanism that has driven this fastest drift ever recorded in geological history. It was initiated by sudden instability after the Deccan volcanism and resultant extensive accumulation of lava pile over continental lithosphere of northern India, northern-eastern tilt due to crustal thickness heterogeneity and subcrustal thermal stratification. The drift was sustained by Carlsberg and Central Indian ridge-push until collision and sediment top loading at northeast thenceforth. These inferences and geomorphic isostasy as a catalytic mechanism necessitate variability of drift rates as integral inputs for any continental scale modeling.Muthuvairavasamy Ramkumar, David Menier, Manoj Mathew, M. Santosh, Numair A. Siddiqu

A study of factors contributing relapse in alcohol dependence and intra group comparison for factors influencing delay in treatment seeking after relapse

CONTEXT: Alcoholism is one of the major health related problems in India. It is characterized by much significant psychological, physiological and social dysfunctions which were associated with excessive and persistent use of alcohol. The most important challenging aspect in assessing the outcome of treatment and the rate of relapse will be the lack of clarity regarding the relapse definition. One study states than relapse following treatment reaches 75% in first 3 – 6 months period. Many studies found that adults with alcohol related problems postpone their treatment and they underutilize the resources. It is very much important to understand the barriers to treatment by people with alcohol dependence. AIM OF THE STUDY: To study various factors contributing relapse in alcohol dependence and intra- group comparison for factors influencing delay in treatment seeking after relapse. OBJECTIVES: 1. To study various psychosocial factors contributing relapse in alcohol dependence subjects. 2. To compare those factors in contributing early relapse. 3. To study various factors influencing delay in treatment seeking among relapsed patients. 4. To compare those factors among early and late treatment seekers. DESIGN : Cross sectional study. SETTING : This study conducted at the Institute of Mental Health, a tertiary care centre in Tamilnadu. STUDY POPULATION: 100 subjects of alcohol dependence who relapsed into drinking behavior after de-addiction treatment were selected. SCALES USED: Semi structured proforma, Severity of Alcohol Dependence Scale, Alcohol Relapse Risk Scale, Duke’s Social Support and stress Scale. RESULTS: 49% people presented for the treatment in 6 – 12 months delay. 84% presented for the treatment within a year. 16% presented only after 1year. 75% report social influence especially other social networks as reason for the delay. 56% report psychological influence especially not decided to stop drinking yet as a factor for their delay. 20% and 40% report situational influence and access barriers for the delay in treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The following were the first 3 reasons for relapse elicited in our sample- Family problems (57%), Peer pressure (39%), Craving (19%). While delaying treatment after relapse, only 27% reported within 3 months of relapse, nearly half of the people report by 3 – 6 months. Nearly 50% delay their treatment for more than 6 months after relapse. Person related factors like doubting the need for treatment, public stigma were the important factors delaying the treatment rather than treatment related factors. Those who seek treatment within 6 months of relapse have more social support and less stress