Non Binary Low Density Parity Check Codes Decoding Over Galois Field

Conventional LDPC codes have a low decoding complexity but may have high encoding complexity. The encoding complexity is typically of the order O(n2)[5]. Also high storage space may be required to explicitly store the generator matrix. For long blocknbsp lengths the storage space required would be huge. The above factors make the implementation of the Conventional LDPC codes less attractive. These codes are usually decoded using the sum-product algorithm, which is anbsp message passing algorithm working on the Tanner graph of the code[5]. The sparseness of the parity check matrix is essential for attaining good performance with sum-product decoding. The time complexity of the sum- product algorithm is linear in code length. This property makes it possible to implement a practical decoder for long lengths.nbs

Single and Double Diamond Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna

Volume 1 Issue 3 (May 2013

Analysis of hybrid elliptical air hole ring As2Se3 glass PCF for Zero Dispersion

Volume 1 Issue 3 (May 2013

The enterolith causing jejunal obstruction, an unusual presentation: A case report

Enteroliths are a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. Patients can present with repeated episodes of intestinal obstruction as long as an enterolith is able to pass through the gut and then suddenly, they get stuck at the terminal ileum or present with the perforation peritonitis, as may happen in case of a diverticular disease. Here, we report the case of a young male presented to the emergency room with acute intestinal obstruction. During the explorative laparotomy, an enterolith was found stuck inside the proximal jejunum which was removed through an enterotomy. This was an interesting case, as the patient did not have any predisposing factors nor did we find any evidence of other pathologies intraoperatively. Moreover, the enterolith was stuck in jejunum, contrary to the belief that terminal part of the ileum is a most common site for the enteroliths to get stuck

Characterization of Sorghum germplasm for various qualitative traits

Present study was performed to characterize 750 germplasm lines with 4 checks namely CSV17, CSV20, CSV27 and CSV21F for various qualitative traits of Sorghum. These 754 genotypes were sown in augmented RBD with 30 replications during Kharif 2014 at Instructional Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur. Majority of the accessions showed poor early plant vigour (40.2 %), dark green leaf (88.6 %), non- tan leaf sheath pigmentation (60 %), drooping leaves (100 %), white midrib colour (51.6 %), senescence (60 %), loose panicle density (31.5 %), elliptical panicle shape (66.5 %), straw glume colour (48.2 %), 3/4 glume coverage (42.9 %), absence of awns (59.5 %), creamy straw seed (39.9 %), oval grain shape (48.8 %), medium seed size (43.7 %), non-lustrous seed (62.0 %), intermediate endosperm texture (50.3 %) and bicolor race (49.6 %). Very good early plant vigour, tan type leaf sheath pigmentation, drooping leaf orientation, straw glume colour, ½ glume covering, oval grain shape, intermediate endosperm texture appeared in all the 4 check. The results of this study indicated that considerable genetic diversity exists among the sorghum accessions

A randomized controlled trial of endodontic treatment using ultrasonic irrigation and laser activated irrigation to evaluate healing in chronic apical periodontitis

Aim of this trial was to evaluate the combined clinical and radiographic success rate of endodontic treatment using passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and laser activated irrigation (LAI) as compared to conventional syringe irrigation. Permanent incisors and single rooted premolars were assessed for eligibility and 69 patients were randomly divided into three treatment groups (n=23) by allocation concealment method and irrigation was performed in accordance with the allocated group. Teeth were evaluated clinically and radiographically with CBCT after 6 months and 12 months of the treatment. A significant difference was observed in the radiographic healing rates among three groups (?2=12.29, p=0.05). On comparing the final outcome among the three groups (n=19), it was found that 2 (10.5%) cases of group I(Conventional Syringe irrigation), 7 (36.8%) cases of group II (Passive ultrasonic irrigation) and 8 (42.1%) cases of group III(Laser activated irrigation) were healed while under healing category 13 (68.4%) cases of group I, 12 (63.2%) cases of group II and 11 (57.9%) of group III were observed whereas 4 (21.1%) cases were categorised as diseased in group I only. LAI and PUI can increase the predictability of the endodontic treatment success in cases of chronic apical periodontitis

Preserving the Natural Smile by Immediate Re-attachment of Fractured Tooth: Report of Two Cases

Abstract : Traumatic injuries are most common in maxillary anterior teeth which mainly affect the esthetics and function. This article describes the immediate reattachment of fractured tooth fragment for the restoration of function and esthetics at the emergency visit.These case reports describe immediate treatment of oblique crown root fracture of maxillary right lateral incisor, and mandibular left central incisor. By reattaching the natural tooth fragment in the first case the root canal treatment was done then after fractured fragment was reattached with the titanium post. While in the second case the tooth was previously root canal treated, in which titanium post was used to reattach the fractured fragment .Successful pain management with immediate restoration of function, esthetics, and phonetics was the prime objective when treating these cases

Analysis of electromagnetic environment in 1200 kV single circuit UHVAC transmission line by using FACE software and semi-empirical formulae

In order to ensure efficient, bulk-power transmission over a long distance, need of increasing transmission-level voltage is being thought for the past many years. As a result, Ultra High Voltage AC (UHVAC) Transmission has appeared as a feasible solution. Many countries like Italy, Japan, USA, USSR, Brazil, China, India are developing technology for UHVAC transmission systems. Operating at 1000 kV (and above voltage level) demands careful design of transmission structure, switchgear, and equipment design. This paper presents a review of several studies carried out to analyze the electro-magnetic environment in UHVAC lines. The electromagnetic environment (Field, Audible Noise, Corona Loss, Radio Interference) of 1200 kV, Wardha-Aurangabad single-circuit transmission line, India is also evaluated using FACE (Field and Corona Effect) software. The results of the study of static AC field and magnetic field of the line are found to be within prescribed limits suggested by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines.http://www.journals.elsevier.com/ain-shams-engineering-journalhj2022Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineerin