MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Analysis of pharmacotherapeutic profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

In the past years, the antimicrobial resistance has been increasing, partly due to its misuse, and this has been considered as a threat for the public health by WHO. The aim of this study was to evaluate behaviours and attitudes of antibiotics use among adults in the south region of Portugal, Algarve, particularly self-medication and knowledge about these drugs

Analysis of behaviours and attitudes of antibiotics use in Algarve's population

Background and objective: In the past years, the antimicrobial resistance has been increasing, partly due to its misuse, and this has been considered as a threat for the public health by WHO. The aim of this study was to evaluate behaviours and attitudes of antibiotics use among adults in the south region of Portugal, Algarve, particularly self-medication and knowledge about these drugs

Risco de infeção em pessoas com doença renal crónica submetidos a hemodiálise

The risk of infection is one of the most frequent complications among people undergoing hemodialysis. Objective: To define a nursing care plan for a person in end-stage chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis with a focus on prevention and control of the risk of infection. Method: Descriptive study developed from a clinical case study on a 57-year-old male person (designated DG) for about six years. Data collection was carried out through observation and direct interview with Mr. DG as well as consulting clinical file in the EuClid computer system. For the elaboration and foundation of this document, the model of Activities of Daily Living by Roper, Logan and Tierney was selected, as well as the Theory of Transitions by Afaf Meleis. The information collected was organized according to the instructions and using the Case Report flowchart and validation list. To establish the nursing care plan, the NANDA, NOC and NIC taxonomy was followed. Results: Based on the initial assessment, six nursing diagnoses were identified (disposition for improved nutrition, risk of electrolyte imbalance, excessive fluid volume, risk of infection, risk of unstable blood pressure and risk of bleeding), from which we selected, to develop nursing interventions and results obtained, only one of them: risk of infection, as it is the priority diagnosis at this time. The reason for this choice is due of being one of the complications that leads to a greater number of hospital admissions, because it is one of the complications of vascular access, because of frequent cannulations, and because it is an invasive procedure (hemodialysis). Conclusion: Nursing care is vital in the prevention and control of infection through good nursing practices as well as the empowerment of people undergoing hemodialysis

Adaptive energetics in house mice, Mus musculus domesticus, from the island of Porto Santo (Madeira archipelago, North Atlantic)

International audienceThe bioenergetic strategies of house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) from the island of Porto Santo were investigated and compared with those of mice from mainland Portugal. Energy obtained from food ingestion was 18.2% lower in Porto Santo mice than in mainland mice (1.53 vs. 1.87 kJ/g/day). The same pattern was observed for metabolisable energy intake, which was 19.2% lower in island specimens (0.87 vs. 1.08 kJ/g/day for mainland specimens). Apparent digestibility was similar in both groups of mice. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) of Porto Santo individuals was low (1.16 ml O-2/g/h), representing only 56% of the predicted value, based on body mass, while mainland individuals exhibited a BMR closer to the expected value, corresponding to 87% of the predicted value (1-80 ml O-2/g/h). Thermoregulatory abilities within the range of 10-28 degreesC ambient temperature did not differ between island and mainland mice. Results suggest an adaptation of Porto Santo mice to the environmental aridity of the island of Porto Santo, leading to a conservative energetic strateg

Effects of climate on oxygen consumption and energy intake of chromosomally divergent populations of the House Mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) from the island of Madeira (North Atlantic, Portugal)

International audienceWe explored the effects of climatic variables (mean altitude, mean daily winter temperature, mean daily summer temperature, mean annual precipitation and days of precipitation per year) on energetic parameters (food intake and resting oxygen consumption) in six Robertsonian chromosomal races and hybrid populations of House Mice (Mus musculus domesticus) collected throughout the island of Madeira in the North Atlantic. Food energy intake and resting metabolism (oxygen consumption) were measured, in 59 non-reproducing adult males trapped in April-September 1998 and June 1999 and maintained in captivity for at least 3 weeks prior to measurements. Mean daily energy intake of Robertsonian mice varied between 25.3 kJ day(-1) in race S. Vicente (2n = 25-27) and 34.6 kJ day(-1) in race Achadas da Cruz (2n = 24-27), while in hybrids (2n = 22 x 2n = 40) it was 23.0 kJ day(-1). All races exhibited low resting rates of oxygen consumption compared with the predicted basal metabolic rates expected for Muridae, between 49.2% and 66.5% of the expected values. The main factor influencing both food energy intake and oxygen consumption was body mass, explaining 41% of the variation in food energy intake and 39% of the variation in resting oxygen consumption. Body mass was significantly related to the mean summer temperature at the sites where the mice were captured, but was unaffected by the chromosomal race or other biogeographical and climatic variables. There were no additional effects of these factors on resting oxygen consumption beyond the effect of body mass. Once the effects of body mass were removed, food energy intake was significantly correlated with the chromosomal race. The different environmental conditions experienced by the races may have favoured the physiological adaptation of mice to different habitats

Evidence for a differentiated chromosomal race north of classical south European refuge areas in the garden dormouse Eliomys quercinus

The dormouse Eliomys quercinus is a forest rodent undergoing long periods of winter hibernation. The species presents a surprisingly large diversity of chromosomal races, which geographic distribution was shown recently to predate the Pleistocene glaciations. Previously reported data on the karyotypes of the garden dormouse in France come from the northeast of the country, where the 2N050 race occurs. New data are presented from specimens trapped near the Atlantic coast (departments of Vendée and Charente-Maritime), in the Pyrenees, the Alps and in the Massif Central. The French Alpine chain, close to the Italian border, is inhabited by the 2N054 race. A karyotype with 2N048 chromosomes, of Iberian type, is found north of the Pyrenees, near the central Atlantic coast and also in the south of the Massif Central, whereas the 2N050 race occurs in the north of the massif. A hybrid between these two races (2N049) was found in Vendée. These facts reveal that neither the Pyrenees nor the Alps constitute a biogeographic barrier to the dormouse and strongly suggest that the present population of northern France derives from a postglacial recolonisation movement initiated in the southernmost regions of France or in the Rhône valley.project no. POCTI/BSE/36626/9

Non-adherence to antibiotic therapy in patients visiting community pharmacies

Devido a uma gralha da responsabilidade da publicação IJCP, o nome do último autor encontra-se incompleto, faltando o apelido "Nicola". Aguarda-se errata vinda da editora.Link para a versão integral / Link to full online version: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11096-013-9850-4© Koninklijke Nederlandse Maatschappij ter bevordering der Pharmacie 2013Background Patient non-adherence to antibiotic therapy may lead to therapeutic failure, re-infection, and bacterial resistance. Assessing the factors associated with this problem is important for promoting rational use of antibiotics. Objective This study aimed to measure prevalence and reasons for non-adherence to antibiotic treatment and to identify associated factors. Method Patients were recruited for the study in community pharmacies in Lisbon, Portugal, from February to April, 2009. Data from prescriptions for oral antibiotics were collected for adult subjects. Adherence to treatment was assessed with a modified Portuguese version of the Morisky scale. Factors associated with non-adherence were identified through bivariate analysis and logistic regression models. Results A total of 243 patients were included in the study. They had a mean age 46.5 ± 16.6 years and 74.5 % of the sample was female. The prevalence of non-adherence was 57.7 % and was related to delays and failures in taking the prescribed medicine. Increasing age (OR 0.97), difficulty in buying the antibiotic (OR 2.34), duration of treatment (OR 1.28), difficulty with ingestion (OR 3.08), and satisfaction with the information given by physician (OR 0.33) were identified as independent factors associated with non-adherence. Conclusion Non-adherence to antibiotics is common in the community setting. Factors related to the antibiotic, the patient, and the patient-physician relationship should be addressed to promote adherence. Pharmacists should provide information to patients about correct use of antibiotics and address barriers to adherence.The study received a grant from the Merck, Sharp & Dohme Foundation (Portugal), with no influence on study design or data analysis