Fiesta peninsular y holiday estadounidense: dos visiones

Este artículo parte de la hipótesis de que la palabra fiesta posee un peso semántico mayor que su correspondiente holiday norteamericana y que esta desigualdad se puede corroborar en el ámbito de la antropología, la literatura, la lexicografía y la semántica lingüística. La falta de equivalencia semántica de ambos vocablos puede ocasionar dificultades en encuentros interculturales, ya que la traducción literal no consigue transmitir las diversas connotaciones semánticas de la fiesta. Convendría, pues, evitar tanto que el estudiante hispanohablante vuelque en el sustantivo estadounidense sus nociones culturales festivas, como que el estudiante norteamericano de español reduzca el término lingüístico al colorismo de una celebración lúdica o incluso taurina.This paper presents the hypothesis that the word fiesta has a greater semantic weight than its American counterpart holiday. That lack of cognitive equivalence will be analysed from an anthropologic, literary, lexicographic and semantic point of view. That different conception may interfere in intercultural communication since a literal translation cannot possibly reflect the diverse connotations of the noun fiesta. Both the Spanish student of English and the North American student of Spanish could benefit from understanding the cultural notions associated with these key words to avoid stereotypes and linguistic oversimplifications

Domestic hot water systems: environmental performance from a life cycle assessment perspective

Four types of commercially-available domestic hot water (DHW) systems (natural gas instantaneous, electric instantaneous, electric storage and heat pump) were analysed and compared from a life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective and their environmental hotspots (stages and processes) were determined. In addition, the influence of the origin of the energy consumed during their usage was analysed and their environmental performance was compared with that of new DHW systems recently developed. A cradle-to-grave analysis was adopted by employing data provided by the manufacturer and supplemented with secondary data from Ecoinvent. The ReCiPe 2016 (hierarchist perspective) method was used to perform the impact assessment. Regardless of the type of water heater, the use stage (due to high energy consumption) was clearly the main responsible for the environmental damage by DHW systems, but the stage of production of raw materials was also important. A comparative analysis of the four current water heating systems showed that the heat pump caused the least impacts (by litre of heated water provided per year), followed by gas-fired, electric storage, and electric instantaneous in that order. The environmental burdens are highly influenced by the country in which the DHW systems are installed because the origin of the energy source used varies. New water heaters developed by manufacturer demonstrated a trend to an environmental improvement compared to the current ones, although improvements with respect to materials consumed are still required.publishe

Modelling actin polymerization: the effect on confined cell migration

The aim of this work is to model cell motility under conditions of mechanical confinement. This cell migration mode may occur in extravasation of tumour and neutrophil-like cells. Cell migration is the result of the complex action of different forces exerted by the interplay between myosin contractility forces and actin processes. Here, we propose and implement a finite element model of the confined migration of a single cell. In this model, we consider the effects of actin and myosin in cell motility. Both filament and globular actin are modelled. We model the cell considering cytoplasm and nucleus with different mechanical properties. The migration speed in the simulation is around 0.1 µm/min, which is in agreement with existing literature. From our simulation, we observe that the nucleus size has an important role in cell migration inside the channel. In the simulation the cell moves further when the nucleus is smaller. However, this speed is less sensitive to nucleus stiffness. The results show that the cell displacement is lower when the nucleus is stiffer. The degree of adhesion between the channel walls and the cell is also very important in confined migration. We observe an increment of cell velocity when the friction coefficient is higher

Sensitivity of atmospheric rivers to aerosol treatment in regional climate simulations: insights from the AIRA identification algorithm

©2024. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This document is the Published, version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Geoscientific Model Development (GMD). To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1469-2024This study analyzed the sensitivity of atmospheric rivers (ARs) to aerosol treatment in regional climate simulations. Three experiments covering the Iberian Peninsula for the period from 1991 to 2010 were examined: (1) an experiment including prescribed aerosols (BASE); (2) an experiment including direct and semi-direct aerosol effects (ARI); and (3) an experiment including direct, semi-direct, and indirect aerosol effects (ARCI). A new regional-scale AR identification algorithm, AIRA, was developed and used to identify around 250 ARs in each experiment. The results showed that spring and autumn ARs were the most frequent, intense, and long-lasting and that ARs could explain up to 30 % of the total accumulated precipitation. The inclusion of aerosols was found to redistribute precipitation, with increases in the areas of AR occurrence. The analysis of common AR events showed that the differences between simulations were minimal in the most intense cases and that a negative correlation existed between mean direction and mean latitude differences. This implies that more zonal ARs in ARI or ARCI with respect to BASE could also be linked to northward deviations. The joint analysis and classification of dust and sea salt aerosol distributions allowed for the common events to be clustered into eight main aerosol configurations in ARI and ARCI. The sensitivity of ARs to different aerosol treatments was observed to be relevant, inducing spatial deviations and integrated water vapor transport (IVT) magnitude reinforcements/attenuations with respect to the BASE simulation depending on the aerosol configuration. Thus, the correct inclusion of aerosol effects is important for the simulation of AR behavior at both global and regional scales, which is essential for meteorological predictions and climate change projections

Análisis de los Patrones de Demanda en el Sector Textil Español

In this study we wanted to analyze the demand for textile goods (clothing and footwear) in Spain. We have considered studying the demand through an AIDS model, as well as a Rotterdam model. The model chosen that best suits the demand of this type of goods is the dynamic Rotterdam model with two delays. The direct elasticities, Marshallian as Hicksian, indicate that clothing and footwear have a normal demand. However, through the Marshallian we see that the clothes have an elastic demand, while that of the shoes is inelastic. Finally, the two goods behave as luxury and, as could be observed in the evolution of their income elasticity, this would increase with the passage of time, being especially relevant the increase after the crisis occurred in 2008

El trabajo de Cristóbal Balenciaga: Resonancias arquitectónicas

Este trabajo quiere plantear cuestiones a cerca de la interdisciplinariedad en la arquitectura a través del análisis de los trabajos de Cristóbal Balenciaga y su trayectoria profesional en relación a conceptos empleados en arquitectura. Se encuentra enfocado desde un punto de vista teórico en el que se pretende establecer hilos de conexión entre distintas disciplinas como el arte, la arquitectura o la moda. A partir de la mirada de Balenciaga se sintetizan las lecciones más importantes de su trabajo. Estas ideas se explican y se llegan a contrastar con otros autores con el fin último de decantar estrategias con las que hacer frente al proyecto de arquitectura

The Hunter Syndrome-Functional Outcomes for Clinical Understanding Scale (HS-FOCUS) Questionnaire: item reduction and further validation

The adsorption of blood proteins, serum albumin (BSA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and fibrinogen (FGN), onto model SiO2 planar surfaces coated with poly-l-lysine/heparin multilayers (PLL/HEP) has been investigated by means of ellipsometry and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. Aiming at the development of low fouling coatings, this study has been focused on the effects that the number of layers and the type of polyelectrolyte present on the topmost layer have on the adsorption of these proteins. The three proteins interact with PLL-ended coatings whereas HEP-ended coatings prevent the adsorption of both BSA and IgG and induce a decrease in the adsorbed amount of FGN, down to 0.4 mg/m2 for three bilayers, as the number of PLL/HEP bilayers increases. These results suggest that heparin-ended multilayers prevent protein adsorption, which is an indicative of good blood compatibility. As a consequence we propose that PLL/HEP coatings could be used for the development of vascular medical devices