Postconditioning in major vascular surgery: prevention of renal failure

This study investigates teachers in the Swedish ten-year compulsory school who use ICT(Information and communication technology) in their classroom practice. It poses andgives answers to questions about what is contributing most to explain why they choose touse computers and information technology in their work with students/pupils and usesmultiple regression analysis in order to investigate the best pattern of predictive variables.A significant model emerged suggesting that teachers using ICT with students wereinterested in changing their classroom practice. They also felt self-efficacious in usingcomputers in education and they have positive attitudes toward using ICT in education.The present investigation differs from other studies in that it examines teachers whoalready are using technology in their classroom practice and it could be seen as a buildingblock in the development of knowledge about how teachers can become more competentand confident in using ICT in their pedagogical work in classroom practice

Genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional comparison of esophagus tumor‑associated and adjacent normal myofibroblasts.

Myofibroblasts (MFs) are present in healthy tissues and are also key components of the tumor microenvironment. In the present study a comparative analysis of MFs obtained from various gastrointestinal tumor tissues and from tumor‑adjacent normal tissues of cancer patients was performed, with the aim to evaluate differences in MF morphology, gene expression profile and function. The goal was to correlate the observed morphological and functional variations with the underlying genetic and epigenetic backgrounds. The mutation frequency of MFs was assessed by next generation sequencing. The transcript levels of cancer‑specific genes were determined by TaqMan array and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Epigenetic modifications were analyzed by immunocytochemistry and western blotting. The migratory capacity of MFs was assessed by scratch assay, whereas matrix metalloproteinase expression and activity were obtained by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and zymography. The results of the present study demonstrate that MFs were present in an increased number and with altered morphology in tumor samples compared with the healthy tissue. Although the detected number of mutations in tumor‑associated and normal tissue‑derived MFs did not differ markedly, shifts in the level of specific acetylated and methylated histone proteins, namely decreased levels of trimethylated H3K9 and acetylated H4K16 were demonstrated in tumor‑associated MFs. Transcript levels of several tumor‑specific genes involved in metastasis, regulation of cellular growth, apoptosis, as well as in hypoxia‑angiogenesis were altered in tumor‑derived MF cultures. Increased mRNA levels were obtained and activity of matrix metalloproteases in tumor‑derived MFs and these cells also exhibited a higher migratory capacity compared with the normal MFs. In summary, the results of the present study indicate that tumor‑associated MFs display an altered phenotype compared with healthy tissue derived counterparts. The results imply that epigenetic rather than genetic alterations are associated with the development of the distinct expressional and functional features, which define this MF phenotype in the tumor microenvironment

The role of pancreatic ducts in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis

The concept of Activity Based Costing often has a different meaning to academicresearchers and to people involved in business. As organizations are rapidlychanging in ways we have never seen or could have expected, theories are oftencorrected by reality found in business. In the world of rapidly changing globalenvironments complex problems within companies more often are solved throughthe use of integrated multi-dimensional variables. With reference to the theorydevelopmentof ABC we have focused on problems with implementation of ABCin a very specialized service organization.This article deals with three parts involved in one case: Theory,implementation and practical business operation. The enterprise involved in thecase is Telia (33000 employees) and more specifically a subsidiary Telia HandelAB in Sweden (300 employees). The enterprise is the largest telecommunicationoperator in Scandinavia and is a distinctly service management unit. It is our aimto further develop theory connected to ABC action learning from this enterprise.The actual case was initiated in the autumn 1996, the empirical work started inJanuary 1997.The most important contribution is: The ” institutionalized norms” of ABCshow considerable tension and misfit between business reality and theory. Othercontributions were: 1. The founding of a new factor related to the activityworkforce that activities signify. 2. This study confirms earlier theory that it is acomplicated and time-consuming process to find correct activity-drivers. 3.Traditional cost-allocation as the aim of an activity-based cost-system counteractsan effective implementation of ABC due to different purposes