„Habaner“ Ofenkacheln auf der Burg Čabraď

Im Gebiet des ehemaligen Königreichs Ungarn gehören vier, komplett erhaltenen Öfen mit blauen und weißen Glasuren zu den ältesten ungarischen Heizanlagen, die von der Forscher als Habanerprodukt identifiziert wurden. Obwohl ein komplett erhaltener Ofen in der ungarischen Kachelofenforschung eine Seltenheit darstellt, bekamen die Verhältnisse, die Ursprünge oder die Datierung der Öfen keine bedeutende Rolle in Untersuchungen. Die Öfen haben sich in Sammlungen erhalten, deswegen konnten die archäologischen Ergebnisse bei diesen Fragen auch nicht helfen. Auf der Burg Čabraď kamen aber Ofenkacheln vor, die sich zu den Öfen ähneln, aber sie stammen aus der mit Münzen datierten Schichtenreihe. In dieser Art und  Weise könnten die archäologischen Methoden bei der Datierung und bei der Untersuchung der erhaltenen Öfen auch helfen

„Ókályhákbúl rakatván…” – Fűtés Csábrág várában a 18. században/„Aus den Altkacheln gebaut…“ Zur Beheizung der Burg Čabraď im 18. Jahrhundert

Csábrág (Čabraď, SK) vára a 13. századtól egészen 1812-ig fennállt, így az előkerült leletanyag jelentős része tehető a vár életének legutolsó időszakára is. Az ide sorolható csempék nagyrészt egyszerű, reliefes díszítést egyáltalán nem mutató kályhákhoz tartoztak, amelyeknél leginkább a mázakkal vagy az építészeti elemeket imitáló párkány-, illetve sarokelemekkel variáltak. E kései kályhacsempék kutatása igencsak elhanyagolt, pedig ebben a korszakban már sokkal több forrás áll a rendelkezésünkre, amelyek segítségével pontosabb képet kaphatunk a vár utolsó tüzelőberendezéseiről

Levosimendan: a cardiovascular drug to prevent liver ischemia-reperfusion injury?

INTRODUCTION: Temporary occlusion of the hepatoduodenal ligament leads to an ischemic-reperfusion (IR) injury in the liver. Levosimendan is a new positive inotropic drug, which induces preconditioning-like adaptive mechanisms due to opening of mitochondrial KATP channels. The aim of this study was to examine possible protective effects of levosimendan in a rat model of hepatic IR injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Levosimendan was administered to male Wistar rats 1 hour (early pretreatment) or 24 hours (late pretreatment) before induction of 60-minute segmental liver ischemia. Microcirculation of the liver was monitored by laser Doppler flowmeter. After 24 hours of reperfusion, liver and blood samples were taken for histology, immuno- and enzyme-histochemistry (TUNEL; PARP; NADH-TR) as well as for laboratory tests. Furthermore, liver antioxidant status was assessed and HSP72 expression was measured. RESULTS: In both groups pretreated with levosimendan, significantly better hepatic microcirculation was observed compared to respective IR control groups. Similarly, histological damage was also reduced after levosimendan administration. This observation was supported by significantly lower activities of serum ALT (pearly = 0.02; plate = 0.005), AST (pearly = 0.02; plate = 0.004) and less DNA damage by TUNEL test (pearly = 0.05; plate = 0.034) and PAR positivity (pearly = 0.02; plate = 0.04). Levosimendan pretreatment resulted in significant improvement of liver redox homeostasis. Further, significantly better mitochondrial function was detected in animals receiving late pretreatment. Finally, HSP72 expression was increased by IR injury, but it was not affected by levosimendan pretreatment. CONCLUSION: Levosimendan pretreatment can be hepatoprotective and it could be useful before extensive liver resection

The Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate, a Beneficial Adjuvant Molecule in Cystic Fibrosis, on Bronchial Epithelial Cells Expressing a Wild-Type or Mutant CFTR Channel

International audienceClinical and experimental results with inhaled sodium bicarbonate as an adjuvant therapy in cystic fibrosis (CF) are promising due to its mucolytic and bacteriostatic properties, but its direct effect has not been studied on respiratory epithelial cells. Our aim was to establish and characterize co-culture models of human CF bronchial epithelial (CFBE) cell lines expressing a wild-type (WT) or mutant (deltaF508) CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel with human vascular endothelial cells and investigate the effects of bicarbonate. Vascular endothelial cells induced better barrier properties in CFBE cells as reflected by the higher resistance and lower permeability values. Activation of CFTR by cAMP decreased the electrical resistance in WT but not in mutant CFBE cell layers confirming the presence and absence of functional channels, respectively. Sodium bicarbonate (100 mM) was well-tolerated by CFBE cells: it slightly reduced the impedance of WT but not that of the mutant CFBE cells. Sodium bicarbonate significantly decreased the more-alkaline intracellular pH of the mutant CFBE cells, while the barrier properties of the models were only minimally changed. These observations indicate that sodium bicarbonate is beneficial to deltaF508-CFTR expressing CFBE cells. Thus, sodium bicarbonate may have a direct therapeutic effect on the bronchial epithelium

Pavlík, Čeněk: Velký obrazový atlas gotických kachlových reliéfů. [Könyvismertetés-book review]

Nakladatelství Libri, Praha, 2017