81 research outputs found
Global and Geopolitical Environmental Challenges
Gyorsan változĂł világunkban egyre gyakrabban hallunk hĂreket az emberisĂ©g jelenĂ©t Ă©s jövĹ‘jĂ©t veszĂ©lyeztetĹ‘ környezeti problĂ©mákrĂłl. A globális melegedĂ©s, a hulladĂ©kokkal kapcsolatos sokrĂ©tű gondok, a biodiverzitás csökkenĂ©se, a FöldĂĽnk egyes tĂ©rsĂ©geiben tapasztalhatĂł vĂzhiány, a nyersanyagkĂ©szletek csökkenĂ©se, szaporodĂł termĂ©szeti katasztrĂłfák, stb. mind olyan kĂ©rdĂ©sek, amelyekkel az emberek többsĂ©ge már találkozott, Ă©s szeretne rĂłluk Ă©s következmĂ©nyeikrĹ‘l informáciĂłkhoz jutni.
A „Global and Geopolitical Environmental Challenges” c. könyv arra vállalkozik, hogy hiteles válaszokat adjon errĹ‘l a szĂ©les problĂ©makörrĹ‘l. Vázolja a globalizáciĂł folyamatát Ă©s annak fĹ‘bb következmĂ©nyeit, szubjektĂv fontossági sorrendben sorra veszi a legfontosabb problĂ©mákat, majd bemutatja az emberisĂ©g környezetpolitikai válaszait. NĂ©hány sikeres nemzetközi egyezmĂ©ny alapján Ă©rzĂ©kelteti, hogy közös akarat alapján mĂ©g van remĂ©ny a gondok többsĂ©gĂ©nek lekĂĽzdĂ©sĂ©re, de azt is bemutatja, hogy napjainkban a globális környezeti gondolkodás jelentĹ‘s lemaradásban van. ------------------- Our rapidly changing world is replete with news about the environmental problems threatening humanity’s present and future. Global warming, the many problems related to waste management, biodiversity loss, water scarcity in some regions of the world, the exhaustion of natural resources, increasingly frequent natural disasters, etc. are all questions that most people have already encountered and would like to know more about their consequences.
The book „Global and Geopolitical Environmental Challenges” aims to provide reliable information about these wide-ranging issues. It outlines the process of globalization and its main consequences, presents the most important problems and mankind’s reactions in the form of environmental policy measures. Examples of successful international agreements are outlined to demonstrate that there is still hope to tackle most of the challenges through common action, but the book also shows that current global environmental efforts are inadequate overall to address the crisis we are facing
Környezeti változások komplex értékelése az Alföldön földrajzi, geoinformatikai és távérzékelési módszerekkel = Complex evaluation of the environmental changes on Great Hungarian Plain using geography, geoinformatics and remote sensing
A kĂĽlönbözĹ‘ mĂłdszerekkel vĂ©gzett kutatásaink azt bizonyĂtják, hogy globális klĂmaváltozás hatásait nem csak klimatikus adatokkal lehet mĂ©rni. A talajvĂzkĂ©szletek változásai, de kĂĽlönösen a talajok bemutatott átalakulásai nem az epizodikus esemĂ©nyeket tĂĽkrözik, hanem inkább a trendszerű folyamatokat jelzik. A talajvĂz csökkenĂ©se több kapcsolatrendszeren keresztĂĽl is Ă©rvĂ©nyesĂti hatásait. EgyrĂ©szt a mĂ©lyebbre kerĂĽlĹ‘ talajvĂzszint mind nehezebben Ă©rhetĹ‘ el Ă©s hasznosĂthatĂł a növĂ©nyzet számára, ami a biomassza csökkenĂ©sĂ©t eredmĂ©nyezi, sĹ‘t jelentĹ‘s változás esetĂ©n vegetáciĂłváltozást is okozhat. MásrĂ©szt azonban a talajvĂz változása mĂłdosĂtja a talajok vertikális vĂz- Ă©s sĂłmozgását, ami a talajok genetikai tĂpusának átalakulásával jár egyĂĽtt. Ennek következtĂ©ben szikesedĂ©si folyamatok indulhatnak el, vagy szikes talajok esetĂ©ben akár egy sĂłcsökkenĂ©si folyamat is elindulhat. Mind a kĂ©t esetben a talaj minĹ‘sĂ©gĂ©nek változása a termĂ©szetes vegetáciĂł átalakulását vonja magával. A fenti folyamatoknak több fontos következmĂ©nye is van. Megváltozik a talajok termĹ‘kĂ©pessĂ©ge (az imĂ©nt emlĂtett esetben pĂ©ldául javul), Ă©s ezzel egy idĹ‘ben jellegzetes - nemzeti parkokban is vĂ©dett - táji Ă©rtĂ©kek tűnnek el klimatikus okok miatt (pl. a sajátos magyar puszta is több felĂ© átalakulĂłban van). A talajvĂz kĂ©szletek csökkenĂ©se, a talajok átalakulása, a vegetáciĂł lassĂş mĂłdosulása a tájváltozáson tĂşl jelentĹ‘s gazdasági következmĂ©nyekkel jár, Ă©ppen ezĂ©rt fokozott figyelmet Ă©rdemelne. | Our research, applying various methods, has proved that the outcomes of global climate change can be assessed not only by climatic data. The modification of water reserves and especially the transformation of soils do not resemble the episodic extremities but rather sign the trend of changes. Firstly, the deeper the water table moves the more difficult the plants can reach and utilise groundwater, which finally leads to the decrease of the biomass. In extreme cases, groundwater depletion might cause permanent changes in the composition of natural vegetation. Secondly, changes in groundwater can also modify the vertical water and salt transfer in soils, which might result in the transformation of genetic soil types. As a consequence, sodification processes or under reverse conditions desalination can be observed. In both cases the modification of soil type is followed by the change of natural vegetation. There are various important consequences of the above processes. The fertility of soils can change and in the meantime characteristic landscape elements under natural protection may disappear due to climatic causes (e.g. the special Hungarian 'puszta' is transforming at many locations). Beside their effects on the landscape the decrease of groundwater reserves, the transformation of soils and the slow modification of vegetation can have significant economic consequences as well, thus these processes should deserve an increased attention
Habitat changes of an alkaline lake, South Hungary
In this paper a case study of a shallow alkaline lake located on the edge of the Danube-Tisza Interfluve is presented. Alkaline lakes are protected by the Act on Nature Conservation (No. LIII of 1996) in Hungary. Due to the anthropogenic activities (channelization) and the consequences of climate change (decreasing precipitation), the alteration of natural habitats of the sample area was identified. Soil investigations and vegetation mapping were made in order to demonstrate the noticeable changes and to supply data about the current conditions for further monitoring and management activities. The revealed degradation processes are relatively rapid and need urgent proper water-management
The necessity and duty of the co-ordinated utilization of environmental resources in the region of Békéscsaba—Gyula—Békés
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