Horticulture policy for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Prepared as part of the Technical Assistance to Department of Agriculture and Livestock, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PakistanPakistan’s rich soil and four seasons are favorable for horticulture. The country’s horticultural sector: (a) benefits from favourable and diversified agroecological conditions; (b) geographically and strategically well placed to enhance its exports to highly competitive but lucrative markets like Middle East, Afghanistan, Iran, China, Central Asian Republics, Europe and Far East; and (c) plays a major socioeconomic role in Pakistan, in particular for women’s economic empowerment. While Pakistan is a major producer of horticultural products, its tremendous export potential remains largely untapped. The sector’s structure, the characteristics and varieties of the Fruits and Vegetables (F&V) grown locally, and the way in which F&V are being cultivated, aggregated, and transported have a huge bearing on the sector’s trade performance and have a tremendous impact on its competitiveness. The production base is highly fragmented, with approximately 85% of the orchards having an area of less than 12.5 acres

A 2019-20 social accounting matrix for Balochistan, Pakistan

Prepared as part of the Technical Assistance to the Government of Balochistan in collaboration with Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering & Management Sciences (BUITEMS) and Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University (SBKWU), QuettaThis paper documents the different steps followed to construct Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Balochistan for the year 2019-20. More precisely, it describes the estimation methods and the nature of the data used in developing the SAM at the subnational level. The Balochistan SAM includes 13 production activities, 4 factors of production, 4 household groups and rest of the world account, assessing linkages between production, factor income distribution, and households’ incomes and expenditures, and capturing distributional effects. The Balochistan SAM reveals that the shares of services and manufacturing sector remains lower than national average and there is an overwhelming contribution of the livestock and horticulture sector in the subnational economy which has the potential in boosting national livestock and horticulture exports. Further, the consumption pattern in Balochistan supports Engle’s law of consumption showing that with an increase in households’ income, the share of expenditure on food decreases and consumption of non-food items increases. This paper is organized as follows. The first section presents an overview of Balochistan province of Pakistan. The second Section highlights the background of Social Accounting Matrix and its key features. The third section review the literature and various efforts made to develop Pakistan SAM with varying features. The fourth section describes the process and the methodology used to develop SAM. The fifth section presents the structure of Balochistan SAM, accounts, and data sources and elaborates the process and techniques used to balance Balochistan SAM. The sixth section highlights the structure of Balochistan’s economy and an evaluation of value addition. The seventh section underscores the key findings of Balochistan SAM. The final section underlines how the SAM Balochistan can contribute to evidence-based policy making that helps in economic growth and reducing poverty in Balochistan

Volatility between Conventional and Islamic Stock Market

Purpose: This study investigates the degree and extent of volatility interdependence between the Islamic and conventional stock markets represented by using the Dow Jones indices for the period spanning from Dec 1, 2008, to Dec 31, 2016. Over the last two decades, the stock market has developed rapidly as a new investment instrument and these investments haven't solely extended within the money market and conventional market but also in the developing Islamic markets. Design/Methodology/Approach: GARCH(1,1) conditional volatility series are generated and then further used the Quantile regression approach on volatility series to check the financial markets’ interdependence. Findings: The results show that stock markets are interdependent on all three quantile levels. Accordingly, the structure of interdependence is asymmetric for both Islamic and conventional stock markets. Implications/Originality/Value: Investors, government regulators, and academics can all learn from the findings of this study. The potential for spillover of volatility from conventional stock markets to Islamic stock markets can be effectively countered by investors who develop and implement their unique strategies

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Food Outlook Report (Rabi) 2022 - Rabi crops 2021-22

A Food Outlook report explains the crop situation with in specific geographical boundaries. It identifies the past trends in area, production, yield, and price and predict future trends based on past values, thereby helping the government entities to make well informed decisions and farm growers to maximize profitability. The purpose of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Food Outlook Report is to understand the trends and forecasts relating to area, production, yield, and price of four major rabi crops of KP i.e., wheat, gram, garlic, and onion for 2021-22 cropping season. The report provides commodity balance sheet showing changes in crop stocks, utilization, and output. Moreover, the forecasts analysis may help in anticipating any upcoming shock related to food demand and supply. It also helps farmers to take advantage of emerging opportunities and prevent themselves from any anticipated losses

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Food Outlook Report (Rabi) 2022 - Rabi crops 2021-22

A Food Outlook report explains the crop situation with in specific geographical boundaries. It identifies the past trends in area, production, yield, and price and predict future trends based on past values, thereby helping the government entities to make well informed decisions and farm growers to maximize profitability. The purpose of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Food Outlook Report is to understand the trends and forecasts relating to area, production, yield, and price of four major rabi crops of KP i.e., wheat, gram, garlic, and onion for 2021-22 cropping season. The report provides commodity balance sheet showing changes in crop stocks, utilization, and output. Moreover, the forecasts analysis may help in anticipating any upcoming shock related to food demand and supply. It also helps farmers to take advantage of emerging opportunities and prevent themselves from any anticipated losses.Non-PRIFPRI1; PACE; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 5 Strengthening Institutions and GovernanceDSG

Assessing the impact of COVID-19 and related interventions on poverty and economic growth in Pakistan: A structural path analysis

This study uses social accounting matrix multipliers and structural path analyses to estimate effects of COVID-19 and related fiscal stimuli on five household groups. The COVID-19 lockdown increased poverty in Pakistan by 15%, which was addressed using a $1.5 billion, digitally implemented Ehsaas Emergency Cash (EEC) program that reached 14.8 million poor households. The study's models show that the largest multipliers from Ehsaas program finance were in agriculture, as a 1 Rupee shock adds 0.225 Rupee income to households. About 30% of that gain was estimated to go to poor farm families. In contrast, our models find that construction and trade growth added three times as much income to poor nonfarm and urban households as to farm households. However, those sectors added only one third as much total income as agriculture. From the structural path analysis, the importance of capital assets in generating income was seen, as was the possibility of greater poverty reduction from sectors with proportionally fewer intermediate inputs and more value added

ORGANIZING PNEUMONIA SECONDARY TO TUBERCULOSIS: A CASE REPORT

<p><i>Organizing pneumonia is a histological entity characterized by formation of granulation tissue in bronchiolar ducts, alveolar ducts and alveoli. We present a case report of 65 years old female with OP secondary to tuberculosis. OP secondary to TB is a rare condition and it is necessary to rule out secondary causes of OP for the proper management of underlying condition.</i></p&gt

Een mensenrechtelijke analyse van cybergeweld tegen vrouwen en meisjes: is België een goede leerling? /

Master of Laws in de rechte