Gobierno electrónico y la gestión administrativa en la gerencia de transportes de Trujillo, 2023

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar la relación entre el gobierno electrónico y la gestión administrativa en la Gerencia de Transportes, Trujillo, 2023. La metodología aplicada fue planteada bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, nivel descriptivo correlacional simple. En ese sentido, la muestra fue representada por 38 colaboradores de la citada institución; en consecuencia, se empleó la técnica pertinente para la recolección de datos a partir de la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario, que en cuyo caso estuvo compuesta por 30 ítems. Los resultados demostraron que, la contrastación de la hipótesis general se identificó un coeficiente de correlación Rho de Spearman de 0.792, a partir de un nivel de significancia de 0,000, por lo tanto se concluye la existencia de una relación significativa entre las variables de estudio; además se determinó que las dimensiones de la variable gestión administrativa: planificación (r= 795) , dirección ( r=799), organización (r= 793), control (r=798) se relaciona significativamente con la variable gobierno electrónico. Así pues, si se persiste en la mejora del gobierno electrónica en la Gerencia de Transportes conllevará a promover la gestión administrativa generando un impacto directo en los administrados de la ciudad de Trujillo

Comparación de la respuesta virológica según los esquemas terapéuticos prescritos a pacientes con VIH que presentaron la mutación M184V en dos hospitales nacionales durante los años 2008 al 2019

Introducción: En pacientes con VIH en TARV y fallo virológico a primera línea, establecer un esquema terapéutico tras haber identificado la mutación M184V, que confiere resistencia, representa una disyuntiva. Objetivo: Comparar la respuesta virológica de los esquemas terapéuticos prescritos a pacientes con VIH que presentaron la mutación M184V en dos hospitales nacionales de Lima, Perú durante los años 2008 a 2019 y determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a una mala respuesta virológica. Métodos: Se desarrolló un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. Resultados: Un total de 175 participantes fueron elegibles para el estudio. El sexo masculino predominó (75.4%), la mediana de edad actual fue 41 años (IQR 35.84 ; 47.47) y tiempo en TARV fue 89 meses (IQR 57.7 ; 124.53). La mediana de carga viral inicial fue 4.5 log10 (IQR 3.97 ; 5.09) y el tiempo entre la genotipificación y el cambio de terapia fue 2 meses (IQR 0 ; 3.57). El esquema antirretroviral más utilizado fue IP + 2 INTR (55.4%). Con el esquema IP + INI se obtuvo 69% menos riesgo de mala respuesta virológica [p=0.019 (IC 95% 0.117 ; 0.825)]. Conclusiones: En los pacientes con VIH y mutación M184V, el esquema IP + INI ha demostrado una mayor disminución de la carga viral de control y, así, una buena respuesta virológica. Los factores de riesgo asociados a una mala respuesta virológica fueron la demora entre la genotipificación y el cambio de terapia, niveles elevados de carga viral inicial y mala adherencia.Introduction: In patients with HIV in ART and virological failure to the first-line regimen, establishing a therapeutic regimen after having identified the M184V mutation, which confers ART resistance, represents a dilemma. Objective: To compare the virological response of the therapeutic regimens prescribed to patients with HIV who presented the M184V mutation in two national hospitals in Lima, Peru during the years 2008 to 2019, and to determine the risk factors associated with poor virological response. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was developed based on the information of the HIV program participants with the M184V mutation. Results: A total of 175 participants were eligible for the study. The male sex predominated (75.4%), the current median age was 41 years (IQR 35.84, 47.47) and the time on ART was 89 months (IQR 57.7, 124.53). The median initial viral load was 4.5 log10 copies/ml (IQR 3.97, 5.09) and the time between genotyping and the change of therapy was 2 months (IQR 0; 3.57). The most used antiretroviral regimen was PI + 2 NRTIs (55.4%). With the PI + INI ART, 69% less risk of poor virological response was obtained [p=0.019 (CI 95% 0.117 ; 0.825)]. Conclusions: In patients with HIV and the M184V mutation, the PI + INI ART has shown a greater decrease in control viral load and, thus, a good virological response. The risk factors associated with a poor virological response were the delay between genotyping and change of therapy, high levels of initial viral load, and poor adherence among the participants.Tesi

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

La aplicación del principio de persecutoriedad laboral y la afectación al derecho de propiedad de la persona jurídica que adquiere de buena fe

La finalidad de esta investigación es determinar la afectación al derecho de propiedad de una persona jurídica que adquiere un bien de buena fe, por la aplicación del principio de persecutoriedad laboral, es por ello que se utilizó una investigación básica y cualitativa, con el diseño de investigación de teoría fundamentada, utilizando para el recojo de información las entrevistas aplicadas a especialistas en derecho laboral y el análisis de documentos sobre resoluciones judiciales y plenos casatorios. Se obtuvo como resultados que se afecta el derecho de propiedad de una persona jurídica adquiriente de un bien de buena fe, por la aplicación del principio de persecutoriedad laboral, por lo que se puede advertir que ante la adquisición de un bien considerado dentro del patrimonio del empleador deudor puede verse afectado con la imposición de este principio, siempre y cuando se trate de un acto simulado. Por consiguiente, luego de realizar la triangulación de resultados se obtuvo como conclusiones que si existe la afectación al derecho de propiedad de una persona jurídica que adquiere un bien de buena fe, por la aplicación del principio de persecutoriedad laboral

Comparison of the Virological Response According to the Antiretroviral Regimens in Peruvian HIV Patients Who Presented the M184V Mutation in Two National Hospitals during the Years 2008 to 2019

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.Introduction: In patients with HIV in antiretroviral treatment (ART) and virological failure to the first-line regimen, establishing a therapeutic regimen after having identified the M184V mutation, which confers ART resistance, represents a dilemma. Objective: To compare the virological response of the therapeutic regimens prescribed to patients with HIV who presented the M184V mutation in two national hospitals in Lima, Peru, during the years 2008 to 2019, and to determine the risk factors associated with poor virological response. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was developed based on the information of the HIV program participants with the M184V mutation. Results: A total of 175 participants were eligible for the study. The male sex predominated (75.4%), the current median age was 41 years [interquartile range (IQR) 35.84-47.47], and the time on ART was 89 months (IQR 57.7-124.53). The median initial viral load (VL) was 4.5 log10 copies/mL (IQR 3.97-5.09) and the time between genotyping and the change of therapy was 2 months (IQR 0-3.56). The most used antiretroviral regimen was protease inhibitor plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (55.4%). With the protease inhibitor plus integrase inhibitor (PI + INI) ART, 69% less risk of poor virological response was obtained [p = .019 (confidence interval 95% 0.117-0.825)]. Conclusions: In patients with HIV and the M184V mutation, the PI + INI ART has shown a greater decrease in control VL and, thus, a good virological response. The risk factors associated with a poor virological response were the delay between genotyping and change of therapy, high levels of initial VL, and poor adherence among the participants.Revisión por pare

Epidemiologic characteristics and clinical features of patients with monkeypox virus infection from a hospital in Peru between July and September 2022

Objectives: Monkeypox (Mpox) recent outbreak has changed in terms of predominant transmission route and typical presentation. Describing current epidemiological and clinical characteristics is crucial to identifying cases and halting transmission. Methods: An observational study was conducted at a Peruvian tertiary-level hospital and included all individuals with Mpox virus infection between July 01 and September 03, 2022. Results: Among 205 confirmed cases, 99% (202/205) were men, 94% (192/205) were men who have sex with men or bisexual, and 66% (136/205) were living with HIV. Regarding sexual behavior, 87% (179/205) had a sexual encounter 21 days before consultation, although only 8% (17/205) identified sexual contact with a Mpox confirmed case; 65% (133/205) had sexual intercourse with casual partners, 55% (112/205) reported a last sexual partner unknown, and 21.5% (44/205) continued having sexual intercourse with symptoms. Systemic symptoms were fever (162/205, 79%), malaise (123/205, 60%), headache (119/205, 58%), fatigue (105/205, 52%), and lymphadenopathy (111/205, 54%). The distribution of skin lesions was generalized (166/205, 81%), located in the anogenital area (160/205, 78%), polymorphic (174/205, 85%), and it was the first symptom identified in 46% (94/205) of cases. Overall, 10% (21/205) required hospitalization, of whom 85.7% (18/205) have HIV infection. Complications included bacterial superinfection (n = 18), proctitis (n = 6), balanitis (n = 4), and necrosis of skin lesions (n = 3). Conclusion: In 2022, Mpox mainly affects men who have sex with men and People living with HIV/AIDS. It presents with skin lesions localized to the anogenital area and can lead to severe complications requiring hospitalization