64 research outputs found

    Risco do chikungunya para o Brasil

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    o objetivo deste estudo foi mostrar, com base na literatura sobre o tema, o potencial de dispersĂŁo e estabelecimento do vĂ­rus chikungunya no brasil. O vĂ­rus chikungunya, um Togaviridae do gĂȘnero Alphavirus, atingiu as AmĂ©ricas em 2013 e, no ano seguinte, mais de um milhĂŁo de casos foram notificados. No Brasil, foi registrada transmissĂŁo autĂłctone no AmapĂĄ e Bahia, mesmo durante o perĂ­odo de baixo Ă­ndice pluviomĂ©trico, expondo ao risco de propagação do vĂ­rus todo o territĂłrio nacional. Historicamente, o Brasil Ă© infestado por Ae. Aegypti e Ae. Albopictus, tambĂ©m vetores do dengue. É possĂ­vel que o chikungunya se dissemine, sendo importante que medidas sejam tomadas para evitar que o vĂ­rus se torne endĂȘmico no PaĂ­s. A adequada assistĂȘncia a pacientes com febre de chikungunya requer treinamento de clĂ­nicos, reumatologistas, enfermeiros e especialistas em diagnĂłstico laboratorial. AtĂ© novembro de 2014 foram notificados no Brasil mais de 1.000 casos da virose. Estudos experimentais em modelos animais devem ser realizados para conhecer a dinĂąmica da infecção e a patogenia, bem como identificar mecanismos fisiopatolĂłgicos que possam contribuir para identificar drogas com efeito sobre o vĂ­rus. SĂŁo necessĂĄrios ensaios clĂ­nicos para identificar a relação causal do vĂ­rus com sĂ©rias lesĂ”es observadas em diferentes ĂłrgĂŁos e nas articulaçÔes. Na ausĂȘncia de vacinas ou drogas efetivas contra o vĂ­rus, a Ășnica forma de prevenir a doença Ă© atualmente o controle vetorial, o que tambĂ©m reduzirĂĄ o nĂșmero de casos de dengue.This study aimed to show, based on the literature on the subject, the potential for dispersal and establishment of the chikungunya virus in Brazil. The chikungunya virus, a Togaviridae member of the genusAlphavirus, reached the Americas in 2013 and, the following year, more than a million cases were reported. In Brazil, indigenous transmission was registered in Amapa and Bahia States, even during the period of low rainfall, exposing the whole country to the risk of virus spreading. Brazil is historically infested by Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, also dengue vectors. Chikungunya may spread, and it is important to take measures to prevent the virus from becoming endemic in the country. Adequate care for patients with chikungunya fever requires training general practitioners, rheumatologists, nurses, and experts in laboratory diagnosis. Up to November 2014, more than 1,000 cases of the virus were reported in Brazil. There is a need for experimental studies in animal models to understand the dynamics of infection and the pathogenesis as well as to identify pathophysiological mechanisms that may contribute to identifying effective drugs against the virus. Clinical trials are needed to identify the causal relationship between the virus and serious injuries observed in different organs and joints. In the absence of vaccines or effective drugs against the virus, currently the only way to prevent the disease is vector control, which will also reduce the number of cases of dengue fever

    Oropouche Virus Isolation, Southeast Brazil

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    An Oropouche virus strain was isolated from a novel host (Callithrix sp.) in Arinos, Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil. The virus was identified by complement fixation test and confirmed by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Phylogenetic analysis identified this strain as a genotype III isolate previously recognized only in Panama

    Guillain-Barré syndrome and dengue-like disease in 2015: temporal relationship in Piauí state and implications on Zika virus surveillance

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    Secretaria de Estado da SaĂșde do PiauĂ­. Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella. Teresina, PI, Brasil / Fundação Municipal de SaĂșde de Teresina. Diretoria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Teresina, PI, Brasil.MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Secretaria de Estado da SaĂșde do PiauĂ­. GerĂȘncia de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Teresina, PI, Brasil.Universidade Federal do PiauĂ­. Departamento de Medicina Especializada. Teresina, PI, Brasil.MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Secretaria de Estado da SaĂșde do PiauĂ­. GerĂȘncia de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Teresina, PI, Brasil.MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. BelĂ©m, PA, Brasil.MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. BelĂ©m, PA, Brasil.Fundação Municipal de SaĂșde de Teresina. Diretoria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Teresina, PI, Brasil.MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. BelĂ©m, PA, Brasil

    Reemergence of Oropouche Fever, Northern Brazil

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    Oropouche fever has reemerged in Parauapebas and Porto de Moz municipalities, Pará State, Brazil. Serologic analysis (immunoglobulin M–ELISA) and virus isolation confirmed Oropouche virus (OROV) in both municipalities. Nucleotide sequencing of 2 OROV isolates from each location indicated genotypes I (Parauapebas) and II (Porto de Moz) in Brazil

    Clinical and Virological Study of Dengue Cases and the Members of Their Households: The Multinational DENFRAME Project

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    Dengue is the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in humans. This disease is now endemic in more than 100 countries and threatens more than 2.5 billion people living in tropical countries. It currently affects about 50 to 100 million people each year. It causes a wide range of symptoms, from an inapparent to mild dengue fever, to severe forms, including dengue hemorrhagic fever. Currently no specific vaccine or antiviral drugs are available. We carried out a prospective clinical study in South-East Asia and Latin America, of virologically confirmed dengue-infected patients attending the hospital, and members of their households. Among 215 febrile dengue subjects, 177 agreed to household investigation. Based on our data, we estimated the proportion of dengue-infected household members to be about 45%. At the time of the home visit, almost three quarters of (29/39) presented an inapparent dengue infection. The proportion of inapparent dengue infection was higher in South-East Asia than in Latin America. These findings confirm the complexity of dengue disease in humans and the need to strengthen multidisciplinary research efforts to improve our understanding of virus transmission and host responses to dengue virus in various human populations

    InvestigaçÔes sobre as infecçÔes humanas por Vírus Zika

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    MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Programa de PĂłs-Graduação em Virologia. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.O Brasil sofreu uma epidemia sem precedentes de VĂ­Ă­rus Zika (ZIKV), detectada no Brasil em maio de 2015. Casos de microcefalia potencialmente associada Ă  infecção por ZiKV foram identificados em novembro de 2015. Amostras de cĂ©rebro e outros ĂłrgĂŁos obtidos de trĂȘs pacientes tambĂ©m foram analisados por exame imunohistopatolĂłgico. Utilizando o sequenciamento de nova geração, foram gerados seis genomas brasileiros de ZIKV, a partir de quatro casos autolimitados, um caso adulto fatal e um recĂ©m-nascido com microcefalia e malformaçÔes congĂȘnitas. AnĂĄlises filogenĂ©ticas e de relĂłgio molecular mostram uma Ășnica introdução do ZIKV nas AmĂ©ricas, estimada entre maio e dezembro de 2013, mais de 12 meses antes da detecção de ZIKV no Brasil. A data estimada de origem coincide com o aumento de trĂĄfego aĂ©reo para o Brasil de pessoas provenientes de ĂĄreas endĂȘmicas de ZIKV e com surtos notificados em ilhas do PacĂ­fico. Os genomas ZIKV do Brasil estĂŁo filogeneticamente intercalados com os de outros paĂ­ses da AmĂ©rica do Sul e do Caribe. Os dados de incidĂȘncia indicam que os relatos de suspeita de microcefalia no Brasil se correlacionam com a incidĂȘncia de ZIKV na semana 17 da gravidez, embora isso nĂŁo demonstre causalidade. Muitos casos de mulheres grĂĄvidas infectadas com ZIKV resultaram em aborto, morte fetal, mortes e vĂĄrios defeitos congĂȘnitos, incluindo a microcefalia, que agora foi proposto como sĂ­ndrome congĂȘnita de ZIKV. Estudo para investigar os aspectos imunopatolĂłgicos causados pelo ZIKV nos tecidos do Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC) de 10 recĂ©m-nascidos microcefĂĄlicos com desfecho fatal revelaram principalmente congestĂŁo vascular e proliferação, infiltrado inflamatĂłrio e danos das cĂ©lulas gliais e em neurĂŽnios. A investigação do papel de 26 marcadores imunolĂłgicos diferentes sobre o papel de Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17 e Th22, caracterizadas em trĂȘs ĂĄreas do SNC (meninges, perivascular e parĂȘnquima) mostraram alteraçÔes em macrĂłfagos, cĂ©lulas imunes inatas e adaptativas e vĂĄrias citocinas estudadas bem como todos os padrĂ”es Th. Contudo ficou claro um perfil Th2 predominante, que leva os mecanismos de lesĂŁo das cĂ©lulas neuronais, resultando em mortes de recĂ©m-nascidos infectados com ZIKV

    Estudo experimental sobre a patogenicidade do vírus Ilhéus em hamster jovens (Mesocricetus Auratus)

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    Apenas foram migradas as pĂĄginas e/ou folhas que evidenciam a participação e/ou citação a Dra. Gilberta Bensabath.BR IEC GB AP AE BAN 011DossiĂȘItensPlano de dissertação e a dissertação de mestrado em CiĂȘncias BiolĂłgicas da UFPA "Estudo experimental sobre a patogenicidade do vĂ­rus IlhĂ©us em hamster jovens (Mesocricetus Auratus)" de autoria de Raimunda do Socorro da Silva Azevedo. ContĂ©m tambĂ©m um atestado de participação e o parecer da DrÂȘ. Gilberta Bensabath

    Chikungunya risk for Brazil

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    <div><p>This study aimed to show, based on the literature on the subject, the potential for dispersal and establishment of the chikungunya virus in Brazil. The chikungunya virus, a Togaviridae member of the genusAlphavirus, reached the Americas in 2013 and, the following year, more than a million cases were reported. In Brazil, indigenous transmission was registered in Amapa and Bahia States, even during the period of low rainfall, exposing the whole country to the risk of virus spreading. Brazil is historically infested by Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, also dengue vectors. Chikungunya may spread, and it is important to take measures to prevent the virus from becoming endemic in the country. Adequate care for patients with chikungunya fever requires training general practitioners, rheumatologists, nurses, and experts in laboratory diagnosis. Up to November 2014, more than 1,000 cases of the virus were reported in Brazil. There is a need for experimental studies in animal models to understand the dynamics of infection and the pathogenesis as well as to identify pathophysiological mechanisms that may contribute to identifying effective drugs against the virus. Clinical trials are needed to identify the causal relationship between the virus and serious injuries observed in different organs and joints. In the absence of vaccines or effective drugs against the virus, currently the only way to prevent the disease is vector control, which will also reduce the number of cases of dengue fever.</p></div

    Febre Amarela

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    MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Universidade do Estado do ParĂĄ. BelĂ©m, PA, Brasil.MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil

    Cell death and Zika Virus: an integrated network of the mechanisms of cell injury

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    Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation/National Council for Scientific and Technological Development CNPQ/Brazil (grant numbers: 303999/2016-0, 439971/2016-0, and 440405/2016-5), and CAPES (Zika Fast-track).MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil / Universidade Federal do ParĂĄ. NĂșcleo de Medicina Tropical. BelĂ©m, PA, Brazil.MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do ParĂĄ. NĂșcleo de Medicina Tropical. BelĂ©m, PA, Brazil / Universidade do Estado do ParĂĄ. BelĂ©m, PA, Brazil.MinistĂ©rio da SaĂșde. Secretaria de VigilĂąncia em SaĂșde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil / Universidade do Estado do ParĂĄ. BelĂ©m, PA, Brazil.Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus that is transmitted by Aedes mosquitos. Its prototype was isolated in 1947 from serum of a sentinel Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) in the Zika forest of Uganda. As a member of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, ZIKV is enveloped and icosahedral and possesses a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 10.7 kb. Epidemiologically, infection by ZIKV has become a global health concern in recent years because of the occurrence of epidemics, its speed of dissemination, routes of transmission, and the sequelae it can cause especially in newborns. At the neural level, there are still many gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms that induce ZIKV infection-associated microcephaly. However, some studies already demonstrated that underlying cell death is determinant to induce the congenital malformation. In this report, we reviewed the various mechanisms of cell injury involved in the immunopathogenesis of ZIKV infection and discussed its relationship with the death of neuronal and glial cells development and microcephaly
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