Peranan pengawasan dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan kerja pegawai di kantor informasi dan komunikasi kabupaten Karanganyar tahun 2007

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : 1) Pelaksanaan pengawasan di Kantor Informasi dan Komunikasi Karanganyar, 2) Peranan pengawasan dalam meningkatkan disiplin kerja pegawai di Kantor Informasi dan Komunikasi Kabupaten Karanganyar, 3) Faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan pengawasan terhadap para pegawai di Kantor Informasi dan Komunikasi Kabupaten Karanganyar, 4) Upaya mengatasi hambatan-hambatan dalam pelaksanaan pengawasan terhadap pegawai di Kantor Informasi dan Komunikasi Kabupaten Karanganyar. Penelitian ini menggunakan bentuk penelitian kualitatif, dengan metode deskriptif. Strategi yang digunakan tunggal terpancang. Teknik cuplikan dengan teknik purposive snowball sampling. Sumber datanya adalah informan, tempat atau lokasi penelitian, arsip dan dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan analisa dokumen. Untuk keabsahan data teknik yang digunakan adalah triangulasi data atau sumber dan triangulasi metode. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis interaktif mengalir. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1) Pelaksanaan pengawasan di Kantor Informasi dan Komunikasi Kabupaten Karanganyar adalah: a) Pengawasan dilakukan oleh Kepala Kantor Informasi dan Komunikasi Kabupaten Karanganyar, b) Pengawasan yang diterapkan adalah Pengawasan melekat, pengawasan fungsional dan pengawasan oleh masyarakat, Pengawasan secara langsung dan tidak langsung, serta Pengawasan yang dilakukan sebelum kegiatan, selama kegiatan, dan setelah kegiatan. 2) Peranan pengawasan dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan kerja di Kantor Informasi dan Komunikasi Kabupaten Karanganyar adalah untuk: a) Untuk mencegah terjadinya berbagai penyimpangan atau kesalahan, sehingga dapat diketahui lebih awal berbagai bentuk penyimpangan dan kesalahan, b) Untuk menjamin atau mengusahakan pelaksanaan kegiatan agar sesuai dengan perencanaan yang telah dibuat sebelumnya demi mencapai tujuan, c) Untuk memperbaiki kesalahan atau penyimpangan yang terjadi, d) Untuk mengetahui kedisiplinan kerja pegawai dalam melaksanakan pekerjaannya sesuai dengan tanggung jawab yang dimilikinya. 3) Hambatan-hambatan dalam melaksanakan pengawasan di Kantor Informasi dan Komunikasi Kabupaten Karanganyar adalah : a) Faktor pimpinan (budaya pekewuh, terbatasnya waktu, belum adanya pemberian hukuman/punishment sesuai aturan. b) pegawai (perbedaan karakter) c) lokasi kantor yang berbeda. 4) Upaya mengatasi hambatan dalam pelaksanaan pengawasan di Kantor Informasi dan Komunikasi Kabupaten Karanganyar adalah: 6 a) Pimpinan bersikap tegas terhadap pegawai tanpa membedakan satu sama lain, b) Pimpinan memberikan keteladanan yang baik kepada pegawai, c) Pimpinan meluangkan waktu khusus untuk pegawai, d) Pimpinan memberikan rewards/penghargaan dan hukuman/punishment kepada pegawai, e) Pimpinan mengetahui dan memahami perbedaan karakter dari setiap pegawainya, f) Pihak KIK mendesak Pemkab Karanganyar khususnya Bupati dan DPRD untuk segera merealisasikan penyatuan lokasi kantor

Assessment of Urban Mapping Index Accuracy in Relation to Physical Land Characteristics in Humid Tropical Areas

Settlements and built-up areas can lead to the degradation of ecological systems. Good quality and efficient regional planning is therefore needed for urban areas. Spatial data and satellite imagery can be used for mapping and monitoring urban growth. Unfortunately, mapping urban areas can sometimes be difficult due to local variations, and different algorithms can provide varying results. Urban indices often rely on remote sensing reflectance, the accuracy of which can be influenced by land characteristics. No studies have examined the impact of land characteristics on the accuracy of remote sensing urban indices in the humid tropics. The purpose of this study was to compare urban and built area indices, namely EBBI, NDBI, UI, and IBI, in two climatically and topographically different cities. This study also examined the stability and relationship between these indices with environmental factors such as slope, elevation, and temperature. The results showed that EBBI was the index with the highest accuracy in both study areas: 85% for Batu City and 89.17% for Pasuruan City. Also, EBBI was the most stable index for the temporal studies. Environmental factors, especially slope and elevation, had a strong relationship with the index value applied. Therefore, these findings need to be considered in applying the index in areas that have topographical variations. Keywords: built-up land, landsat, EBBI, NDBI, UI, IBI, topograph

Drought Indices to Map Forest Fire Risks in Topographically Complex Mountain Landscapes

Drought has the potential to lead to forest fires. Forest fires generally occur during the dry season when the mountain slope forest experiences a water deficit. Drought identification based on remote sensing is useful for mapping potential fires in Arjuno- Welirang Forest and TNBTS Forest (in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park). This research used Landsat-8 images in 118/065 and 118/066 in August and November 2015-2018. Validation data were obtained using high resolution planet scope images and rainfall data. Three drought indices were tested to identify fires, namely TVDI, VHI and NDDI. The indices were tested visually using high resolution images and tested meteorologically using SPI. From the results of the accuracy test and correlation, TVDI had the highest accuracy in the Arjuno-Welirang forest (96% accurate), while the best index for TNBTS was the VHI index (96% accurate). Keywords: drought indices, TVDI, VHI, NDDI, forest fires, Indonesi

Jigsaw On Line Model as the Improvization of Learning Methods in the Covid-19 Pandemic

Jigsaw cooperative learning is a learning model that encourages active students and helps each other in mastering the subject matter by dividing it into groups of origin and groups of experts in teaching and learning activities. Each group of experts is responsible for a material or subject. After the expert group has finished studying one topic of their expertise, each student returns to their home group to teach their expertise material to their friends in a discussion group. The aim of the study was to test whether the online Jigsaw method was effective for college students. The jigsaw method is done online, so it's done using zoom software, and goegle meet. The research subjects were 98 students in the 5th semester. The data analysis technique used the Independent sample T-test inferential statistics. The result of the analysis shows that there are significant differences between students who get online learning using the jigsaw method and the conventional method

PENGARUH KONSELING GIZI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN HIPERTENSI DAN SISA MAKANAN PASIEN HIPERTENSIDI RSUD DR R SOETIJONO BLORA

Background :Food waste of hypertensive patients in DR R SoetijonoBlora hospital in December 2015 by 32.6 % , which means above the minimum service standards specified nutritional services . Nutritional counseling is done is a means to inform and motivate the patient so that the expected impact on increasing the patient's intake of food and less food waste . Objective :Knowing the influence of nutrition counseling on knowledge of hypertension and the food waste of hypertensive patients in DR R SoetijonoBlorahospital. Methods :This type of research is pre Experiment with one group pretest and posttest design . Sampling was done by using consecutive sampling as many as 35 people hospitalized hypertensive patients according to criteria of inclusion .Foodwaste is obtained by Comstock visual method , whereas knowledge of hypertension were taken using a questionnaire. Nutritional counseling is done two times in 2 days. Data taken with 3 times the measurement and analyzed used Friedman Test . Results: This study shows that there is influence nutritional counseling to the knowledge of hypertension ( p = 0.000 ) and there is influence nutritional counseling to food waste( p = 0.000 ). Conclusion :Nutritional counseling influencing knowledge about hypertension and food waste of hypertensive patients

Validation of Three Daily Satellite Rainfall Products in a Humid Tropic Watershed, Brantas, Indonesia: Implications to Land Characteristics and Hydrological Modelling

A total of three different satellite products, CHIRPS, GPM, and PERSIANN, with different spatial resolutions, were examined for their ability to estimate rainfall data at a pixel level, using 30-year-long observations from six locations. Quantitative and qualitative accuracy indicators, as well as R2 and NSE from hydrological estimates, were used as the performance measures. The results show that all of the satellite estimates are unsatisfactory, giving the NRMSE ranging from 6 to 30% at a daily level, with CC only 0.21–0.36. Limited number of gauges, coarse spatial data resolution, and physical terrain complexity were found to be linked with low accuracy. Accuracy was slightly better in dry seasons or low rain rate classes. The errors increased exponentially with the increase in rain rates. CHIPRS and PERSIANN tend to slightly underestimate at lower rain rates, but do show a consistently better performance, with an NRMSE of 6–12%. CHRIPS and PERSIANN also exhibit better estimates of monthly flow data and water balance components, namely runoff, groundwater, and water yield. GPM has a better ability for rainfall event detections, especially during high rainfall events or extremes (>40 mm/day). The errors of the satellite products are generally linked to slope, wind, elevation, and evapotranspiration. Hydrologic simulations using SWAT modelling and the three satellite rainfall products show that CHIRPS slightly has the daily best performance, with R2 of 0.59 and 0.62, and NSE = 0.54, and the monthly aggregated improved at a monthly level. The water balance components generated at an annual level, using three satellite products, show that CHIRPS outperformed with a ration closer to one, though with a tendency to overestimate up to 3–4× times the data generated from the rainfall gauges. The findings of this study are beneficial in supporting efforts for improving satellite rainfall products and water resource implications

Validation of Three Daily Satellite Rainfall Products in a Humid Tropic Watershed, Brantas, Indonesia: Implications to Land Characteristics and Hydrological Modelling

A total of three different satellite products, CHIRPS, GPM, and PERSIANN, with different spatial resolutions, were examined for their ability to estimate rainfall data at a pixel level, using 30-year-long observations from six locations. Quantitative and qualitative accuracy indicators, as well as R2 and NSE from hydrological estimates, were used as the performance measures. The results show that all of the satellite estimates are unsatisfactory, giving the NRMSE ranging from 6 to 30% at a daily level, with CC only 0.21–0.36. Limited number of gauges, coarse spatial data resolution, and physical terrain complexity were found to be linked with low accuracy. Accuracy was slightly better in dry seasons or low rain rate classes. The errors increased exponentially with the increase in rain rates. CHIPRS and PERSIANN tend to slightly underestimate at lower rain rates, but do show a consistently better performance, with an NRMSE of 6–12%. CHRIPS and PERSIANN also exhibit better estimates of monthly flow data and water balance components, namely runoff, groundwater, and water yield. GPM has a better ability for rainfall event detections, especially during high rainfall events or extremes (>40 mm/day). The errors of the satellite products are generally linked to slope, wind, elevation, and evapotranspiration. Hydrologic simulations using SWAT modelling and the three satellite rainfall products show that CHIRPS slightly has the daily best performance, with R2 of 0.59 and 0.62, and NSE = 0.54, and the monthly aggregated improved at a monthly level. The water balance components generated at an annual level, using three satellite products, show that CHIRPS outperformed with a ration closer to one, though with a tendency to overestimate up to 3–4× times the data generated from the rainfall gauges. The findings of this study are beneficial in supporting efforts for improving satellite rainfall products and water resource implications

An Application of Improved MODIS-Based Potential Evapotranspiration Estimates in a Humid Tropic Brantas Watershed—Implications for Agricultural Water Management

The reliance on native MODIS-16 PET potential evapotranspiration (PET) in scarce-data-driven areas is growing in support among ecohydrological studies, yet information about its performance is limited or unknown as validation studies are mostly concentrated in developed countries. This study aimed to assess its performance at the monthly level using four ground measurements in a tropical watershed system with complex topography, applying a machine learning artificial neural network (ANN) to improve the estimates, and using the ANN-adjusted MODIS-16 PET to characterize the spatio-temporal patterns of PET in the Brantas watershed, as well as to understand the monthly patterns of water deficiency in areas under eight different vegetation covers. The results showed that the native MODIS-16 PET experienced overestimation with an RMSE of 37–66 mm/month and NRSME of up to 33%. The performance decreased in drier periods. The ANN-based adjustment using only one variable showed improved estimates with a reduction of RSME to only 14 mm and lower than 10% NRMSE. Sari-temporal patterns of PET in the Brantas watershed showed that the PET characteristics were not uniform. The southern part of the Brantas watershed has areas with relatively lower PET that are, thus, more prone to water deficiency. Complex topography and climate gradients within the watershed apparently became the multi-controllers of PET variations. The difference in vegetation cover also influenced the magnitudes of water deficiency

An Application of Improved MODIS-Based Potential Evapotranspiration Estimates in a Humid Tropic Brantas Watershed—Implications for Agricultural Water Management

The reliance on native MODIS-16 PET potential evapotranspiration (PET) in scarce-data-driven areas is growing in support among ecohydrological studies, yet information about its performance is limited or unknown as validation studies are mostly concentrated in developed countries. This study aimed to assess its performance at the monthly level using four ground measurements in a tropical watershed system with complex topography, applying a machine learning artificial neural network (ANN) to improve the estimates, and using the ANN-adjusted MODIS-16 PET to characterize the spatio-temporal patterns of PET in the Brantas watershed, as well as to understand the monthly patterns of water deficiency in areas under eight different vegetation covers. The results showed that the native MODIS-16 PET experienced overestimation with an RMSE of 37–66 mm/month and NRSME of up to 33%. The performance decreased in drier periods. The ANN-based adjustment using only one variable showed improved estimates with a reduction of RSME to only 14 mm and lower than 10% NRMSE. Sari-temporal patterns of PET in the Brantas watershed showed that the PET characteristics were not uniform. The southern part of the Brantas watershed has areas with relatively lower PET that are, thus, more prone to water deficiency. Complex topography and climate gradients within the watershed apparently became the multi-controllers of PET variations. The difference in vegetation cover also influenced the magnitudes of water deficiency