Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Brazilian Dentists Regarding Silver Diamine Fluoride

Objective: Current acceptability, barriers to use, and clinical/teaching practices of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) among Brazilian dentists were investigated. Material and Methods: A Google forms questionnaire was sent to dentists (n=10,500) to collect information about the use of SDF and the dentists' workplace, experience, specialty, and city of practice. A logistic regression model was performed. Results: From 409 respondents, 13.2% used SDF. Working at universities increased the use of SDF by 2.29 times (p=0.018) compared to private offices. Each training year, the chance of SDF usage increased by 3%  (p=0.008). Pediatric dentists are more likely to use SDF (OR=6.76, p<0.001). There is no association between SDF usage and the city of practice. The majority (75.9%) indicated SDF for noncompliant patients. Dentists (75.9%) reported the exclusive use in deciduous teeth, while 24.1% also use in permanent teeth. The main barrier for non-users was a lack of knowledge (58.3%), while for users, tooth staining (90.7%) and parental acceptance (64.8%) were the complaints. Conclusion: The Silver Diamine Fluoride is not a common product used by the dentists from RJ. Its clinical applicability should be further disseminated; thus, lack of scientific knowledge would cease to be a problem in the use of SDF to arrest caries lesions

Role for Maternal Asthma in Severe Human Metapneumovirus Lung Disease Susceptibility in Children

Background: Severity of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) lower respiratory illness (LRTI) is considered similar to that observed for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). However, differences in severity between these pathogens have been noted, suggesting the degree of illness may vary in different populations. Moreover, a potential association between hMPV and asthma also suggests that hMPV may preferentially affect asthmatic subjects. Methods: In a population-based surveillance study in children aged <2 years admitted for severe LRTI in Argentina, nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested by RT-PCR for hMPV, RSV, influenza A, and human rhinovirus. Results: Of 3947 children, 383 (10%) were infected with hMPV. The hospitalization rate for hMPV LRTI was 2.26 per 1000 children (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.04-2.49). Thirty-nine (10.2%) patients infected with hMPV experienced life-threatening disease (LTD; 0.23 per 1000 children; 95% CI,. 16-.31/1000), and 2 died (mortality rate 0.024 per 1000; 95% CI,. 003-.086). In hMPV-infected children birth to an asthmatic mother was an increased risk for LTD (odds ratio, 4.72; 95% CI, 1.39-16.01). We observed a specific interaction between maternal asthma and hMPV infection affecting risk for LTD. Conclusions: Maternal asthma increases the risk for LTD in children <2 years old hospitalized for severe hMPV LRTI.Fil: Libster, Romina Paula. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Esteban, Ignacio. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Bianchi, Alejandra Silvina. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Alva Grimaldi, Luciano. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Doctor Lucio Melendez.; ArgentinaFil: Dueñas, Karina. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Interzonal de Agudos Evita.; ArgentinaFil: Sancillo, Andrea. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Interzonal de Agudos Evita.; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Andrea. Gobierno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Hospital Provincial Evita Pueblo.; ArgentinaFil: Ferrero, Fernando. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Stein, Katherine. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Acosta, Patricio Leandro. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ferolla, Fausto Martín. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bergel, Eduardo. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Caballero, Mauricio Tomás. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Polack, Fernando Pedro. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Pellegrino, Gustavo. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Gago, Guadalupe. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Pozzolo, Cecilia. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Laura. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Almeida, Rodrigo Egues. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Rebec, Beatriz. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: González, Mariela. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Calvo, Mariel. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Henrichsen, Julieta. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Nocito, Celina. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Barbero, Guillermo. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Ves Losada, Juan. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Bonina, Angel. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Flamenco, Edgardo. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez Perez, Alberto. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Kobylarz, Alicia. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Raggio, Mirta. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Schavlosky, Graciela. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Caria, Adriana. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Barboza, Edgar. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Sastre, Gustavo. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; Argentin

Caratterizzazione con elettronica digitale di un rivelatore per neutroni veloci

Grandi rivelatori di neutroni come Neutron Wall e Neutron Shell sono stati sviluppati e utilizzati in combinazione con rivelatori di raggi gamma per studiare le strutture dei nuclei distanti dalla valle di stabilità. NEDA nasce e viene sviluppato come la nuova generazione di rivelatori di neutroni, progettato per lavorare con elettronica digitale e in combinazione con rivelatori al germanio

Commissioning Experiment of the AGATA+MUGAST+VAMOS Setup for Direct Reaction Studies

The commissioning experiment performed at GANIL of a new cutting-edge detection setup for the study of direct reactions is described. The setup consists in the state of the art gamma-ray tracking array AGATA, the charged particle array MUGAST to dene the reaction kinematics, and the magnetic spectrometer VAMOS for discrimination of the heavy-ion products. The neutron transfer reaction 16 O(d,p)17 O was chosen as a reference because it was performed in the past both in direct and inverse kinematics and at dierent energies. The coincident measurement of the outgoing proton and gamma-ray from the 1/2+ first excited state in 17O allowed the characterization of the setup and its tuning for the subsequent physics campaign

Caratterizzazione con elettronica digitale di un rivelatore per neutroni veloci

Grandi rivelatori di neutroni come Neutron Wall e Neutron Shell sono stati sviluppati e utilizzati in combinazione con rivelatori di raggi gamma per studiare le strutture dei nuclei distanti dalla valle di stabilità. NEDA nasce e viene sviluppato come la nuova generazione di rivelatori di neutroni, progettato per lavorare con elettronica digitale e in combinazione con rivelatori al germanio.ope

Observation of Collisional De-Excitation Phenomena in Plutonium

A program of research towards the high-resolution optical spectroscopy of actinide elements for the study of fundamental nuclear structure is currently ongoing at the IGISOL facility of the University of Jyväskylä. One aspect of this work is the development of a gas-cell-based actinide laser ion source using filament-based dispensers of long-lived actinide isotopes. We have observed prominent phenomena in the resonant laser ionization process specific to the gaseous environment of the gas cell. The development and investigation of a laser ionization scheme for plutonium atoms is reported, focusing on the effects arising from the collision-induced phenomena of plutonium atoms in helium gas. The gas-cell environment was observed to greatly reduce the sensitivity of an efficient plutonium ionization scheme developed in vacuum. This indicates competition between resonant laser excitation and collisional de-excitation by the gas atoms, which is likely being enhanced by the very high atomic level density within actinide elements.peerReviewe

Thermodynamics of the Ni-Yb system

The experimental description of the Ni-rare earth systems is incomplete, with many gaps and uncertainties remaining in both the phase diagram and the thermochemical information. No thermodynamic information is available for the Ni-Yb system, except for an estimation of the enthalpy of formation of the Ni5Yb compound. In this work, we investigated the thermochemistry of the Ni-Yb intermediate phases by means of tensimetric measurements and, on a few compositions, calorimetric measurements. The equilibrium vapor pressures over two solid-phase regions were measured by Knudsen effusion-mass spectrometry and Knudsen effusion-weight loss, and the data were analyzed by the second- and the third-law methods in order to derive the enthalpy changes for the HT decomposition reactions. Furthermore, the enthalpy of formation of the NiYb compound was preliminarily determined by direct reaction calorimetry (DRC). The heats of formation of the five intermediate phases was finally obtained by a combined analysis of all the collected data. The values are as follows: Ni17Yb2, -13.9 +/- 0.3 kJ/mol atoms; Ni5Yb, -20.9 +/- 4.4 kJ/mol atoms; Ni3Yb, -26.0 +/- 4.8 kJ/mol atoms; Ni2Yb, -32.0 +/- 4.6 kJ/mol atoms; and NiYb, -28.0 +/- 2 kJ/mol atoms. The results are compared with those estimated by the Miedema's model

Genetic variation in MMP20 contributes to higher caries experience

6 p. : il.Matrix metalloproteinases play an important role during the initial process of enamel development and therefore may play a role in caries. Objectives: To evaluate the association between MMP20 and caries experience in Brazilian children. Methods: Eligible unrelated children with or without caries were evaluated using a cohort design. Demographic data and oral health habits were obtained though a questionnaire. Caries data was collected by clinical examination. Genotyping of the selected polymorphism was carried out by real-time PCR from genomic DNA. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between groups with distinct caries experience and oral health habits. Results: Of 388 subjects, 161 were caries free children. There were no differences between caries levels and genotype distribution in the total cohort. When ethnic background was considered, differences in genotype distribution were observed in caries free children vs. children with caries in Caucasians (p = 0.03). Differences could also be seen when poor oral hygiene was used to stratify the analysis ( p = 0.02). Regression analysis, adjusted for genotype and ethnicity, confirmed that ingestion of sweets between meals increases the risk of presenting carious lesions ( p = 0.00001; OR = 2.33; 95%CI 1.53–3.54). Conclusion: Variation in MMP20 may be associated with caries experience mainly in Caucasian subjects with poor oral health habits