COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FLEXOR TENDON REPAIR BY MODIFIED KESSLER'S TECHNIQUE WITH OR WITHOUT USING VENOUS GRAFT AS A TENDON SHEATH SUBSTITUTE IN ZONE II

Background: Hands are frequently exposed to injuries during daily working hours which might affect its function. Flexor tendon injuries of the hand result in loss of function. The main goal of surgery is to restore function, and avoid the occurrence of postoperative adhesions. However, a better understanding of the process of tendon healing, and continuous evolution of operative technique helps in improving the result. The use of venous graft as a tendon sheath substitute following tendon repair, reduces the adhesion formation, improves tendon nourishment, decreases the need for intensive physiotherapy, restores the function, and improves the results. Despite this remarkable progress, flexor tendon lesions still continues to present difficulty. Objectives: To observe the effectiveness of using vein graft in tendon sheath reconstruction with the aim of decreasing adhesions and comparing it to the conventional method of tendon repair. Patients and Methods: Forty patients who were injured recently, had flexor tendon injuries of the hand involving zone II. They were divided into test and control groups (20 patients each). Modified Kessler technique for primary repair of acute flexor tendons injuries were used in both groups added by the cephalic vein as a tendon sheath substitute in the test group. Results: T h e evaluation of the results is based on TAM (Total Active Motion) score of the ASSH (American Society for Surgery of the Hand). The final results were 75% excellent, 25% good, with no fair or poor results concerning the test group, while in the control group, there was no excellent results; thus, 55% good, 45% fair, and the results obtained were not poor. Conclusion: Repair of the flexor tendon injuries using modified Kessler technique using a venous graft as a tendon sheath substitute and early active movement are recommended to provide effective results as a replacement for the conventional methods

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FLEXOR TENDON REPAIR BY MODIFIED KESSLER'S TECHNIQUE WITH OR WITHOUT USING VENOUS GRAFT AS A TENDON SHEATH SUBSTITUTE IN ZONE II

Background: Hands are frequently exposed to injuries during daily working hours which might affect its function. Flexor tendon injuries of the hand result in loss of function. The main goal of surgery is to restore function, and avoid the occurrence of postoperative adhesions. However, a better understanding of the process of tendon healing, and continuous evolution of operative technique helps in improving the result. The use of venous graft as a tendon sheath substitute following tendon repair, reduces the adhesion formation, improves tendon nourishment, decreases the need for intensive physiotherapy, restores the function, and improves the results. Despite this remarkable progress, flexor tendon lesions still continues to present difficulty. Objectives: To observe the effectiveness of using vein graft in tendon sheath reconstruction with the aim of decreasing adhesions and comparing it to the conventional method of tendon repair. Patients and Methods: Forty patients who were injured recently, had flexor tendon injuries of the hand involving zone II. They were divided into test and control groups (20 patients each). Modified Kessler technique for primary repair of acute flexor tendons injuries were used in both groups added by the cephalic vein as a tendon sheath substitute in the test group. Results: T h e evaluation of the results is based on TAM (Total Active Motion) score of the ASSH (American Society for Surgery of the Hand). The final results were 75% excellent, 25% good, with no fair or poor results concerning the test group, while in the control group, there was no excellent results; thus, 55% good, 45% fair, and the results obtained were not poor. Conclusion: Repair of the flexor tendon injuries using modified Kessler technique using a venous graft as a tendon sheath substitute and early active movement are recommended to provide effective results as a replacement for the conventional methods

Implementasi DFPlayer untuk Al-Qur’an Digital berbasis Mikrokontroler ESP32

Modul DFPlayer biasa digunakan untuk aplikasi suara,  seperti alarm, bel sekolah atau  aplikasi yang tidak membutuhkan pengelolahan file mp3 yang banyak.  Namun dengan metode yang tepat, DFPlayer juga dapat mengelola file mp3 Al-Quran yang berjumlah 6236  buah dengan baik. Artikel ini akan menunjukkan salah satu metode untuk membaca file mp3 Al-Qur’an sehingga seluruh ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an dapat  dilantunkan.  Metode tersebut adalah  menyusun dan mengurutkan nama file mp3 pada folder MP3, membuat algoritma konversi  nama urutan file mp3 dan algoritma pemutaran mp3 berdasarkan rentang ayat secara berurutan. Perangkat ini dirancang dengan memanfaatkan mikrokontroler ESP32  sebagai unit pengontrol utama, modul DFPlayer sebagai dekoder audio  dan aplikasi Android sebagai pemilih surah dan ayat yang akan diputar. Hasil pengujian yang  didapatkan bahwa  pemutaran surah pada juz 30 dan pemutaran rentang ayat pada seluruh surah berhasil 100%.Modul DFPlayer biasa digunakan untuk aplikasi suara,  seperti alarm, bel sekolah atau  aplikasi yang tidak membutuhkan pengelolahan file mp3 yang banyak.  Namun dengan metode yang tepat, DFPlayer juga dapat mengelola file mp3 Al-Quran yang berjumlah 6236  buah dengan baik. Artikel ini akan menunjukkan salah satu metode untuk membaca file mp3 Al-Qur’an sehingga seluruh ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an dapat  dilantunkan.  Metode tersebut adalah  menyusun dan mengurutkan nama file mp3 pada folder MP3, membuat algoritma konversi  nama urutan file mp3 dan algoritma pemutaran mp3 berdasarkan rentang ayat secara berurutan. Perangkat ini dirancang dengan memanfaatkan mikrokontroler ESP32  sebagai unit pengontrol utama, modul DFPlayer sebagai dekoder audio  dan aplikasi Android sebagai pemilih surah dan ayat yang akan diputar. Hasil pengujian yang  didapatkan bahwa  pemutaran surah pada juz 30 dan pemutaran rentang ayat pada seluruh surah berhasil 100%

Examining the effect of agency cost on capital structure-financial performance nexus: empirical evidence for emerging market

Despite the long history of testing agency theory, it is yet standing undefeated. This study examines the relationship between capital structure and firm performance in an emerging economy, Iraq. Moreover, it seeks to find an answer for the question “does agency cost moderates the relationship between capital structure and financial performance?” in the case of a developing industrial sector. Data was collected from published financial statements from the Iraqi Stock Exchange. The study sample consists of several companies from industrial sector listed on ISX over the period 2004–2020. Firm performance is measured using both accounting data and market indicator. Agency cost is measured through operating expense ratio and asset utilization ratio. Testing for short-term and long-term parameters between groups, pooled mean group estimation method is used for data analysis. The results manifest evidence to support agency theory in explaining the relationship between capital structure and financial performance. Moreover, strong interactions are found indicating that agency cost has a considerable impact on the capital structure and firm performance association, that is, agency cost moderates the relationship between capital structure and firm performance. These results are robust checking various methods and diagnostics checks. These results are key evidence from an emerging country, Iraq to support the agency theory arguments. The results provide significant insights for managers of the sector particularly for the current rapid development in the sector

Sustainable Conservation Management System for The Critically Endangered Betta Persephone in Ayer Hitam Peat Swamp Forest Reserve Muar Johor

In recent years, there has been a lot of interest in protecting and conserving wildlife on a wide range of scales. Betta Persephone’s habitat life may be affected by urbanization in Ayer Hitam Peat Swamp Forest Reserve (AHPSFR). This species is endangered due to the widespread conversion of peat swamp forests to industrial forestry and monoculture plant. The evaluation of fish habitat always has been a research priority for individuals in the domains of environmental protection and sustainable development, to improve habitat conservation. Results of the study through sample water collection shows the result of pH water. Based on these environmental factors, the factors that under dry leaves and branches and blackwater are the main factors that affect Betta Persephone choose AHPSFR as its own natural habitat. The satellite data and to analyze the catchment area results and construct the maps. U.S Geological System (USGS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) used to generate the maps. Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer system that analyses and displays information that is geographically referenced. This study is carried out to predict the hydrologic analyze of the study area. The location of Betta is at one of the small sub catchments at the study area. The sub catchment that are found of the habitat are at the nearly the low stream links and at the watershed area that are found using the software

Sustainable Conservation Management System for The Critically Endangered Betta Persephone in Ayer Hitam Peat Swamp Forest Reserve Muar Johor

In recent years, there has been a lot of interest in protecting and conserving wildlife on a wide range of scales. Betta Persephone’s habitat life may be affected by urbanization in Ayer Hitam Peat Swamp Forest Reserve (AHPSFR). This species is endangered due to the widespread conversion of peat swamp forests to industrial forestry and monoculture plant. The evaluation of fish habitat always has been a research priority for individuals in the domains of environmental protection and sustainable development, to improve habitat conservation. Results of the study through sample water collection shows the result of pH water. Based on these environmental factors, the factors that under dry leaves and branches and blackwater are the main factors that affect Betta Persephone choose AHPSFR as its own natural habitat. The satellite data and to analyze the catchment area results and construct the maps. U.S Geological System (USGS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) used to generate the maps. Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer system that analyses and displays information that is geographically referenced. This study is carried out to predict the hydrologic analyze of the study area. The location of Betta is at one of the small sub catchments at the study area. The sub catchment that are found of the habitat are at the nearly the low stream links and at the watershed area that are found using the software

Impact of Capital Structure on Banking Performance

This paper examines the impact of capital structure on bank performance. The study spreads empirical work on capital structure determinants of banks within country and foreign country. Multiple reversion models are useful to evaluation the relationship between capital structure and banking performance. Performance is measured by return on assets, return on equity and earnings per share. Determinants of capital structure contains long term debt to capital ratio, short term debt to capital ratio and total debt to capital ratio. Results of the study validated a positive relationship between factors of capital structure and performance of banking industry. Keywords: Banking Performance, Optimal Capital Structure, Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Earning Per Share

A review of artificial intelligence in serious game for public health

Serious games used in public health for purposes including training, learning, prediction, coaching, diagnostic, rehabilitation and supporting. However, the serious game focuses mainly on user experience and graphical application, but less attention on applying artificial intelligence (AI). By enhancing artificial intelligence, it will have the capability to solve issues, especially in the field of public health. This article discussed a review of the use of artificial intelligence in a serious game for public health. The main idea of this paper is to gather all the related articles and create a trend analysis of the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in a serious game for public health. The related articles were applied to Artificial intelligence (AI) in the area of decision-making. The final section discussed the new trend and the future of Artificial intelligence using current AI techniques

Tandem Aldol-Michael reactions in aqueous diethylamine medium: a greener and efficient approach to dimedone-barbituric acid derivatives

BACKGROUND: Green chemistry is a rapidly developing new field that provides us with a proactive avenue for the sustainable development of future science and technologies. Green chemistry uses highly efficient and environmentally benign synthetic protocols to deliver lifesaving medicines, accelerating lead optimization processes in drug discovery, with reduced unnecessary environmental impact. From this view point, it is desirable to use water instead of organic solvents as a reaction medium, since water is safe, abundant and an environmentally benign solvent. RESULTS: A convenient one-pot method for the efficient synthesis of the novel Zwitterion derivatives 4a-pvia a three-component condensation reaction of barbituric acid derivatives 1a,b, dimedone 2, and various aldehydes 3 in the presence of aqueous diethylamine media is described. This new approach is environmentally benign, with clean synthetic procedure, short reaction times and easy work-up procedure which proceeded smoothly to provide excellent yield (88-98%). The synthesized products were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, MS, NMR and CHN analysis. The structure of 4a was further confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with α = 14.6669 (5) Å, b = 18.3084 (6) Å, c = 19.0294 (6) Å, α = 90°, β = 90°, = 90°, V = 5109.9 (3) Å(3), and Z = 8. The molecules are packed in crystal structure by weak intermolecular C–H⋅ ⋅ ⋅O hydrogen bonding interactions. CONCLUSIONS: An environmentally benign Aldol-Michael protocol for the synthesis of dimedone-barbituric derivatives using aqueous diethylamine medium is achieved

Importance of Social Psychology in the Society

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