Reinforcement of Piles in Landslides at KM. 619+900

Landslides are events that can cause both moral and non-moral losses, one of which is the damage to the Subulussalam–Lipat Kajang Road section at KM. 619+900, resulting in restricted movement and disrupted activities of the local community. This could be due to factors such as rainfall or groundwater levels. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of addressing the existing problems by providing appropriate and effective solutions to the landslides caused. This research uses secondary data and primary data in analyzing slope stability. The initial conditions and the slope conditions following sheet pile reinforcement are used this analysis. An application called Plaxis is required in order to examine the slope stability. This study produced a safety factor value of 1.104 under existing conditions, and after being reinforced with sheet piles, the safety factor value increased to 1.502. However, if the slope in the existing condition is subjected to an earthquake load, it will obtain a very low safety factor value of 1.044, and this requires strengthening with sheet piles and anchors to increase the safety factor value, ensuring that the slope is in a stable condition. This research provides one of the much-needed alternatives in addressing landslide issues, especially in the fields of construction and geotechnical engineering. The findings of this research can serve as a reference or guideline in the civil engineering planning process, particularly in the use of reinforcement systems such as sheet piles (retaining walls) and anchors as effective solutions.Landslides are events that can cause both moral and non-moral losses, one of which is the damage to the Subulussalam–Lipat Kajang Road section at KM. 619+900, resulting in restricted movement and disrupted activities of the local community. This could be due to factors such as rainfall or groundwater levels. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of addressing the existing problems by providing appropriate and effective solutions to the landslides caused. This research uses secondary data and primary data in analyzing slope stability. The initial conditions and the slope conditions following sheet pile reinforcement are used this analysis. An application called Plaxis is required in order to examine the slope stability. This study produced a safety factor value of 1.104 under existing conditions, and after being reinforced with sheet piles, the safety factor value increased to 1.502. However, if the slope in the existing condition is subjected to an earthquake load, it will obtain a very low safety factor value of 1.044, and this requires strengthening with sheet piles and anchors to increase the safety factor value, ensuring that the slope is in a stable condition. This research provides one of the much-needed alternatives in addressing landslide issues, especially in the fields of construction and geotechnical engineering. The findings of this research can serve as a reference or guideline in the civil engineering planning process, particularly in the use of reinforcement systems such as sheet piles (retaining walls) and anchors as effective solutions

Performance Analysis of FRP Reinforced Concrete After Corrosion Damage

Corrosion in bridge girder beams frequently leads to significant structural damage, such as concrete spalling and reduced reinforcement, which directly impacts the bending capacity. This study experimentally assessed the efficacy of a combined repair strategy of grouting and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) reinforcement on simulated damaged reinforced concrete beams. Twelve beams were tested with various repair configurations, including a standalone grouting repair and a combination of grouting with GFRP in strip and U-wrap configurations. The primary objective was to comprehensively evaluate the enhanced flexural capacity and failure modes of these repaired beams. The results indicated that GFRP reinforcement, particularly the U-wrap configuration, significantly improved the beams' flexural capacity. Beams with the GFRP U-wrap configuration achieved an average maximum load of 32.50 kN, surpassing the control beam's 29.74 kN by 9.27%. Conversely, a standalone grouting repair drastically decreased the load capacity to 14.49 kN, highlighting its inefficiency in strength restoration. Debonding failure at the grout-concrete interface was identified as the primary cause of this reduction. The U-wrap configuration outperformed the strip configuration, likely due to its enhanced shear resistance and confinement. The GFRP strain analysis showed linear behavior at low loads but significant deviations at higher loads, which indicates debonding. All beams exhibited a dominant flexural cracking failure mode, with the addition of GFRP reducing the number of cracks. In conclusion, the combined grouting and GFRP reinforcement, especially the U-wrap configuration, proved to be an effective strategy for repairing damaged RC beams. However, achieving strong adhesion between the repair materials and the concrete is crucial to prevent debonding and optimize structural performance. Further research on enhancing adhesion and optimizing GFRP configurations is recommended.Corrosion in bridge girder beams frequently leads to significant structural damage, such as concrete spalling and reduced reinforcement, which directly impacts the bending capacity. This study experimentally assessed the efficacy of a combined repair strategy of grouting and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) reinforcement on simulated damaged reinforced concrete beams. Twelve beams were tested with various repair configurations, including a standalone grouting repair and a combination of grouting with GFRP in strip and U-wrap configurations. The primary objective was to comprehensively evaluate the enhanced flexural capacity and failure modes of these repaired beams. The results indicated that GFRP reinforcement, particularly the U-wrap configuration, significantly improved the beams' flexural capacity. Beams with the GFRP U-wrap configuration achieved an average maximum load of 32.50 kN, surpassing the control beam's 29.74 kN by 9.27%. Conversely, a standalone grouting repair drastically decreased the load capacity to 14.49 kN, highlighting its inefficiency in strength restoration. Debonding failure at the grout-concrete interface was identified as the primary cause of this reduction. The U-wrap configuration outperformed the strip configuration, likely due to its enhanced shear resistance and confinement. The GFRP strain analysis showed linear behavior at low loads but significant deviations at higher loads, which indicates debonding. All beams exhibited a dominant flexural cracking failure mode, with the addition of GFRP reducing the number of cracks. In conclusion, the combined grouting and GFRP reinforcement, especially the U-wrap configuration, proved to be an effective strategy for repairing damaged RC beams. However, achieving strong adhesion between the repair materials and the concrete is crucial to prevent debonding and optimize structural performance. Further research on enhancing adhesion and optimizing GFRP configurations is recommended

Application of Polynomial Regression Method in Non-invasive Measurement of Blood Sugar, Cholesterol, and Non-invasive Uric Acid Based on IoT

Early disease avoidance depends much on health monitoring. However, the general examination methods still used today are invasive, namely, using a syringe to take blood samples. Many do not undergo routine examinations because this method is uncomfortable and expensive. In this study, the MAX30105 optical sensor is used as a non-invasive measuring device that can read the reflection of infrared light from the fingertip. After that, the second-order polynomial regression method is used to process the sensor data and determine the blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid levels. Using calibration data, this tool will change the reflected light signal into numbers for these three substances. The quantitative experimental method was conducted on 15 participants, The quantitative experimental method was carried out on 15 participants, the test results showed that blood sugar levels reached 91.50%, cholesterol levels reached 86.07%, and uric acid levels reached 89.33%. Real-time data transmission is carried out through the Adafruit IO platform, which was chosen for its accessibility and ease of integration. At the same time, a mobile application was developed using MIT App Inventor for user-friendly health data visualization. A preliminary Quality of Service (QoS) assessment showed an average data latency of 500–700 ms and a 97% transmission success rate via Wi-Fi. These results indicate that this device is reasonably practical and comfortable. However, several factors, such as skin thickness, finger position, and skin cleanliness, can affect the accuracy of the measurement results. Therefore, this tool cannot yet replace regular medical standards.Early disease avoidance depends much on health monitoring. However, the general examination methods still used today are invasive, namely, using a syringe to take blood samples. Many do not undergo routine examinations because this method is uncomfortable and expensive. In this study, the MAX30105 optical sensor is used as a non-invasive measuring device that can read the reflection of infrared light from the fingertip. After that, the second-order polynomial regression method is used to process the sensor data and determine the blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid levels. Using calibration data, this tool will change the reflected light signal into numbers for these three substances. The quantitative experimental method was conducted on 15 participants, The quantitative experimental method was carried out on 15 participants, the test results showed that blood sugar levels reached 91.50%, cholesterol levels reached 86.07%, and uric acid levels reached 89.33%. Real-time data transmission is carried out through the Adafruit IO platform, which was chosen for its accessibility and ease of integration. At the same time, a mobile application was developed using MIT App Inventor for user-friendly health data visualization. A preliminary Quality of Service (QoS) assessment showed an average data latency of 500–700 ms and a 97% transmission success rate via Wi-Fi. These results indicate that this device is reasonably practical and comfortable. However, several factors, such as skin thickness, finger position, and skin cleanliness, can affect the accuracy of the measurement results. Therefore, this tool cannot yet replace regular medical standards

Design and Development of a Web-Based Mosque Management Information System: A Case Study of Darul Amal Mosque

Many mosques in Indonesia face challenges in managing their operational activities, such as construction donations, donations to orphans, funeral donations, and religious assemblies as well as other financial administration. Conventionally, the recording of these activities is still done manually through financial recording in books and socializing the information using loudspeakers or utilizing mosque bulletin boards. To overcome these limitations, this research proposes the development of a Web-based Mosque Management Information System that aims to improve operational efficiency, transparency, and accessibility. The system was developed by taking a case study at Darul Amal Mosque which is a mosque in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The system was developed using PHP programming language and Laravel framework, with an online donation feature that allows donors to make donations without the need to be physically present. The research successfully developed a mosque management platform as expected. And it has been proven that a centralized and easily accessible online management process facilitates financial management, improves services to worshipers and donors, and provides better accountability in mosque operations.Many mosques in Indonesia face challenges in managing their operational activities, such as construction donations, donations to orphans, funeral donations, and religious assemblies as well as other financial administration. Conventionally, the recording of these activities is still done manually through financial recording in books and socializing the information using loudspeakers or utilizing mosque bulletin boards. To overcome these limitations, this research proposes the development of a Web-based Mosque Management Information System that aims to improve operational efficiency, transparency, and accessibility. The system was developed by taking a case study at Darul Amal Mosque which is a mosque in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The system was developed using PHP programming language and Laravel framework, with an online donation feature that allows donors to make donations without the need to be physically present. The research successfully developed a mosque management platform as expected. And it has been proven that a centralized and easily accessible online management process facilitates financial management, improves services to worshipers and donors, and provides better accountability in mosque operations

Implementation of the Borda Method for Selecting Winners in the Tahfeez Tahmeed and Prayer Competition by DPD Recital Alhidayah

Tahfeez, tahmeed, and prayer competitions that are routinely held by DPD Recital Alhidayah often experience obstacles in the assessment process due to the lack of a structured and computerized system, thereby reducing the efficiency and accuracy of assessment. This problem has become increasingly complex with a large number of participants and the absence of standard procedures in awarding scores. This research was conducted to develop a decision support system that can assist the judges in determining the winner of the competition objectively, efficiently, and transparently. The method used is the Borda Method, which is a rank-based decision-making method that is effective in accommodating the assessment of many judges and criteria. The system was built using the PHP programming language and MySQL database, and was designed with a quantitative approach through the processing of participant scores based on three main criteria: tajweed, fluency, and rhythm. The implementation of this system allows judges to conduct assessments digitally, where the grades given are automatically processed and ranked using the Borda Method. The results of the study show that this system can speed up the assessment process and announcement of the winner from the previous 4–5 days to instant after the input of the score is completed. This system also increases transparency, reduces subjectivity, and ensures consistency in scoring. Thus, this system becomes a relevant and applicable solution to support professionalism in religious competitions.Tahfeez, tahmeed, and prayer competitions that are routinely held by DPD Recital Alhidayah often experience obstacles in the assessment process due to the lack of a structured and computerized system, thereby reducing the efficiency and accuracy of assessment. This problem has become increasingly complex with a large number of participants and the absence of standard procedures in awarding scores. This research was conducted to develop a decision support system that can assist the judges in determining the winner of the competition objectively, efficiently, and transparently. The method used is the Borda Method, which is a rank-based decision-making method that is effective in accommodating the assessment of many judges and criteria. The system was built using the PHP programming language and MySQL database, and was designed with a quantitative approach through the processing of participant scores based on three main criteria: tajweed, fluency, and rhythm. The implementation of this system allows judges to conduct assessments digitally, where the grades given are automatically processed and ranked using the Borda Method. The results of the study show that this system can speed up the assessment process and announcement of the winner from the previous 4–5 days to instant after the input of the score is completed. This system also increases transparency, reduces subjectivity, and ensures consistency in scoring. Thus, this system becomes a relevant and applicable solution to support professionalism in religious competitions

The Experimental Study of the Lens Wind Turbine Performance with Vortex Generator

Wind energy potential is available in several regions in Indonesia with wind ranges reaching 5 m/s. Wind turbine research continues to develop to produce optimal power. The aim of this research is to determine the performance of wind turbines equipped with diffusers or lens that put triangle fin vortex generator on lens’s surface. The turbine blade used Clark-Y that has a winglet angle of 45-degrees. There are three variations of lens wind turbine that were tested: without vortex generator, z/h=4.5, z/h=2.5, z/h=0.5. The research was carried out experimentally with fifth wind velocity 3 m/s, 3.5 m/s, 4 m/s, 4.5 m/s, and 5 m/s. The results analyzed to determine turbine performance are turbine rotation, the power produced due to wind direction. Based on the results of the experiments that have been carried out, the results were obtained a straight comparison between TSR and wind turbine rotation (rpm), and straight comparison between Cp and TRS. The Cp is largest in a lens wind turbine with a vortex generator z/h=0.5, which is 0.59 and has the highest power output of 473 watt.Wind energy potential is available in several regions in Indonesia with wind ranges reaching 5 m/s. Wind turbine research continues to develop to produce optimal power. The aim of this research is to determine the performance of wind turbines equipped with diffusers or lens that put triangle fin vortex generator on lens’s surface. The turbine blade used Clark-Y that has a winglet angle of 45-degrees. There are three variations of lens wind turbine that were tested: without vortex generator, z/h=4.5, z/h=2.5, z/h=0.5. The research was carried out experimentally with fifth wind velocity 3 m/s, 3.5 m/s, 4 m/s, 4.5 m/s, and 5 m/s. The results analyzed to determine turbine performance are turbine rotation, the power produced due to wind direction. Based on the results of the experiments that have been carried out, the results were obtained a straight comparison between TSR and wind turbine rotation (rpm), and straight comparison between Cp and TRS. The Cp is largest in a lens wind turbine with a vortex generator z/h=0.5, which is 0.59 and has the highest power output of 473 watt

Optimizing Solar Panel Output with an IoT-Based Solar Tracker: UNIPMA Integrated Lab Case Study

The development and development of new renewable energy has become increasingly widespread recently, one of the most widely used is solar panels. The biggest disadvantage of installing solar panels is that they are not able to follow the movement of the sun so that the power output produced is less than optimal. A solar tracker is a device used to optimize the absorption of sunlight by solar panels by following the movement of the sun. However, the use of sensors on solar trackers often requires quite complicated manufacturing. Therefore, this research aims to design a solar tracker without sensors in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The method in this research is to compare the power produced by solar panels with and without solar trackers based on IoT (Internet of Things) case studies at the UNIPMA Integrated Lab. Data collection was carried out in real time over a period of 3 days starting at 09.00 WIB with a solar panel tilt of 45° until 15.00 WIB with a solar panel tilt of 135°. The results of measurements using a solar tracker on photovoltaic (PV) showed an average current of 0.74 amperes (A), an average voltage of 18.7 volts (V), and an average power output of 14.4 watts. (W). Meanwhile, measurement results without a solar tracker showed an average current of 0.6 amperes (A), an average voltage of 17.9 volts and an average power output of 11.04 watts (W). So, the power produced with a solar tracker is more optimal than without a solar tracker.The development and development of new renewable energy has become increasingly widespread recently, one of the most widely used is solar panels. The biggest disadvantage of installing solar panels is that they are not able to follow the movement of the sun so that the power output produced is less than optimal. A solar tracker is a device used to optimize the absorption of sunlight by solar panels by following the movement of the sun. However, the use of sensors on solar trackers often requires quite complicated manufacturing. Therefore, this research aims to design a solar tracker without sensors in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The method in this research is to compare the power produced by solar panels with and without solar trackers based on IoT (Internet of Things) case studies at the UNIPMA Integrated Lab. Data collection was carried out in real time over a period of 3 days starting at 09.00 WIB with a solar panel tilt of 45° until 15.00 WIB with a solar panel tilt of 135°. The results of measurements using a solar tracker on photovoltaic (PV) showed an average current of 0.74 amperes (A), an average voltage of 18.7 volts (V), and an average power output of 14.4 watts. (W). Meanwhile, measurement results without a solar tracker showed an average current of 0.6 amperes (A), an average voltage of 17.9 volts and an average power output of 11.04 watts (W). So, the power produced with a solar tracker is more optimal than without a solar tracker

Design and Implementation MPPT Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm to Overcome Partial Shading Condition on Solar Panel

Solar energy is a type of renewable energy whose capacity is tremendous and fast in increasing its capacity so that it can be used for energy sustainability in the future. Solar panels are the only devices that can be used to utilize solar energy. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a method to maximize the power generated by solar panels. However, the problem with solar panels is the condition of partial shading, this occurs due to something blocking the rate of solar irradiation to the solar panel. The result is that there are 2 or more maximum power points from solar panels, the highest power is the Global Maximum Power Point (GMPP) and the other is the Local Maximum Power Point (LMPP). This partial shading condition cannot use conventional MPPT methods due to the complexity of finding GMPP. So, MPPT optimization method is needed, one of which is the Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm (IWOA). IWOA is a development of the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) by applying the Sine-Tent-Cosine Map for the first time the algorithm works to be more effective in the initialization process of the algorithm population and can ensure a more uniform distribution of population distribution throughout the search space. IWOA will be applied to the MPPT system to achieve the GMPP of the solar panel under partial shading conditions.Solar energy is a type of renewable energy whose capacity is tremendous and fast in increasing its capacity so that it can be used for energy sustainability in the future. Solar panels are the only devices that can be used to utilize solar energy. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a method to maximize the power generated by solar panels. However, the problem with solar panels is the condition of partial shading, this occurs due to something blocking the rate of solar irradiation to the solar panel. The result is that there are 2 or more maximum power points from solar panels, the highest power is the Global Maximum Power Point (GMPP) and the other is the Local Maximum Power Point (LMPP). This partial shading condition cannot use conventional MPPT methods due to the complexity of finding GMPP. So, MPPT optimization method is needed, one of which is the Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm (IWOA). IWOA is a development of the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) by applying the Sine-Tent-Cosine Map for the first time the algorithm works to be more effective in the initialization process of the algorithm population and can ensure a more uniform distribution of population distribution throughout the search space. IWOA will be applied to the MPPT system to achieve the GMPP of the solar panel under partial shading conditions

CFD Simulation of Pipe Joints Using SimScale: Analysis of the Effect of Different Inlet Velocities on Water Fluid Flow

This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in inlet velocity on fluid flow patterns at tee-junction pipe connections using numerical simulations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The SimScale platform was used because it supports cloud-based processing and integration with OpenFOAM solvers. The tee connection model is designed in three dimensions, with the main and branch pipe dimensions each having a diameter of 100 mm. The merging process uses the parametric hexagonal method and local refinement in the joint area to accurately capture turbulent phenomena. Simulations were performed under incompressible and isothermal flow conditions with a standard k–ε turbulence model, using water fluid and the SIMPLE algorithm. The inlet velocity consists of 2 variations A (VI = 1 m/s, V2 = -1 m/s) and variation B (V1 = -1.5 m/s, V2 = -3 m/s). Simulation results show that increasing the inlet velocity results in a more turbulent flow, characterized by an increase in the turbulent kinematic viscosity, specific dissipation rate, and turbulent kinetic energy. Conversely, low velocities indicate higher pressure accumulation due to flow resistance. These findings indicate that inlet velocity variations significantly affect flow characteristics, requiring attention in system design to maintain long-term operational efficiency and reliability.This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in inlet velocity on fluid flow patterns at tee-junction pipe connections using numerical simulations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The SimScale platform was used because it supports cloud-based processing and integration with OpenFOAM solvers. The tee connection model is designed in three dimensions, with the main and branch pipe dimensions each having a diameter of 100 mm. The merging process uses the parametric hexagonal method and local refinement in the joint area to accurately capture turbulent phenomena. Simulations were performed under incompressible and isothermal flow conditions with a standard k–ε turbulence model, using water fluid and the SIMPLE algorithm. The inlet velocity consists of 2 variations A (VI = 1 m/s, V2 = -1 m/s) and variation B (V1 = -1.5 m/s, V2 = -3 m/s). Simulation results show that increasing the inlet velocity results in a more turbulent flow, characterized by an increase in the turbulent kinematic viscosity, specific dissipation rate, and turbulent kinetic energy. Conversely, low velocities indicate higher pressure accumulation due to flow resistance. These findings indicate that inlet velocity variations significantly affect flow characteristics, requiring attention in system design to maintain long-term operational efficiency and reliability

Evaluasi Kesiapan Laboratorium Elektronika Kejuruan Menghadapi Industri 4.0: Analisis Fasilitas, Sistem, dan Sumber Daya Manusia

This study aims to evaluate the readiness of electronics engineering laboratories in Vocational High Schools (SMK) of Sidoarjo Regency in facing the demands of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The evaluation focused on four main aspects: laboratory planning, equipment availability, maintenance and management systems, and the competence of laboratory personnel. This study used a descriptive method with a mixed-method approach, involving six vocational schools and respondents from productive teachers, vice principals in the field of infrastructure, and laboratories. Data was obtained through questionnaires, observations, documentation, and in-depth interviews, then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the average equipment readiness rate was in the "underprepared" category (54.1%), while most schools did not have certified laboratories. Laboratory management is generally still partial and is not systematic, although the usefulness of the laboratory is highly related on by teachers with an average score of 54.4 out of 64. These findings indicated a gap between the availability of facilities, human resource competencies, and the demands of industry-based vocational learning 4.0. The limitations of this study lie in the limited scope of the area and it has not measured the direct impact on student learning outcomes. The practical implications of this study included the importance of strengthening collaboration among schools, industry, and the government in laboratory planning, improving practice facilities, and training and certification of laboratory personnel. Socially, laboratory modernization is an important foundation in producing adaptive and competitive vocational graduates. This study makes an original contribution to mapping the systemic readiness of vocational laboratories in Indonesia.This study aims to evaluate the readiness of electronics engineering laboratories in Vocational High Schools (SMK) of Sidoarjo Regency in facing the demands of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The evaluation focused on four main aspects: laboratory planning, equipment availability, maintenance and management systems, and the competence of laboratory personnel. This study used a descriptive method with a mixed-method approach, involving six vocational schools and respondents from productive teachers, vice principals in the field of infrastructure, and laboratories. Data was obtained through questionnaires, observations, documentation, and in-depth interviews, then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the average equipment readiness rate was in the "underprepared" category (54.1%), while most schools did not have certified laboratories. Laboratory management is generally still partial and is not systematic, although the usefulness of the laboratory is highly related on by teachers with an average score of 54.4 out of 64. These findings indicated a gap between the availability of facilities, human resource competencies, and the demands of industry-based vocational learning 4.0. The limitations of this study lie in the limited scope of the area and it has not measured the direct impact on student learning outcomes. The practical implications of this study included the importance of strengthening collaboration among schools, industry, and the government in laboratory planning, improving practice facilities, and training and certification of laboratory personnel. Socially, laboratory modernization is an important foundation in producing adaptive and competitive vocational graduates. This study makes an original contribution to mapping the systemic readiness of vocational laboratories in Indonesia