Precisión de las radiografías digitales bitewing con y sin aplicación de desplazamiento horizontal del tubo en el diagnóstico del exceso de cemento residual alrededor de los implantes dentales: Un estudio in vitro.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic value of digital Bitewing (BW) radiographs with and without horizontal tube shift in detecting Residual excess cement (REC) on the proximal and non-proximal surfaces of implant restorations. Material and Methods: Eight mandibular models were fabricated with two implants placed on each side in the premolar and first molar positions. Excess cement was applied to either proximal or non-proximal surfaces of the restorations intentionally during the process of crown cementation. BW radiographs with and without applying horizontal tube shift were acquired. Three maxillofacial radiologists were asked to determine the presence and location of REC in the radiographs. Sensitivity and specificity of the radiographic technique were assessed according to the restoration surface that contained REC. Results: Sensitivity of BW radiographs was 100% for the detection of REC on the proximal surfaces and 41-18, 80% on the non-proximal surfaces. Specificity of the technique was 85.71%-100% for the proximal surfaces and 75-94. 12% for the non-proximal areas. Specificity of the radiographic method was generally greater than its sensitivity for the non-proximal surfaces while in the proximal areas, the two variables had quite similar values. Conclusion: Digital BW radiography is generally more useful for detection of REC on the proximal surfaces. Higher specificity of this technique for the bucco-lingual surfaces suggests more reliability of the negative diagnoses in the non-proximal areas.Objetivo: Evaluar el valor diagnóstico de las radiografías digitales bitewing (BW), con y sin desplazamiento horizontal del tubo, para detectar el exceso de cemento residual (ECR) en las superficies proximales y no proximales de las restauraciones con implantes. Material y Métodos: Se fabricaron ocho modelos mandibulares con dos implantes colocados a cada lado en las posiciones premolar y primer molar. El exceso de cemento se aplicó intencionalmente en las superficies proximales o no proximales de las restauraciones durante el proceso de cementación de la corona. Se adquirieron radiografías BW con y sin aplicación de desplazamiento horizontal del tubo. Se pidió a tres radiólogos maxilofaciales que determinaran la presencia y ubicación de ECR en las radiografías. La sensibilidad y la especificidad de la técnica radiográfica se evaluaron según la superficie de restauración que contenía ECR. Resultados: La sensibilidad de las radiografías de BW fue del 100% para la detección de ECR en las superficies proximales y del 41,18-80% en las superficies no proximales. La especificidad de la técnica fue 85-71, 100% para las superficies proximales y 75-94, 12% para las áreas no proximales. La especificidad del método radiográfico fue generalmente mayor que su sensibilidad para las superficies no proximales, mientras que en las áreas proximales, las dos variables tuvieron valores bastante similares. Conclusión: La radiografía digital BW es generalmente más útil para la detección de ECR en las superficies proximales. La mayor especificidad de esta técnica para las superficies buco-linguales sugiere una mayor confiabilidad de los diagnósticos negativos en las áreas no proximales

Association between mandibular second molars calcification stages in the panoramic images and cervical vertebral maturity in the lateral cephalometric images

Determination of maturation and evaluation of growth potential is extremely important in clinical orthodontics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the mandibular second molar calcification stages for identification of growth phases. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, samples were derived from panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms of 125 subjects (61 males and 64 females) with age ranging from 8 to 17 years and estimates of dental maturity (Demirjian Index [DI]) and skeletal maturity (Cervical vertebral maturation indicators CVMI]) were made. Correlations between DI and CVMI were shown by Spearman?s correlation. The diagnostic performance of the DI for the identification of the growth phase were evaluated using positive likelihood ratios (LHRs), with a threshold of ?10 for satisfactory performance. Correlations between second molar calcification and growth phase were 0.819 for females and 0.805 for males (P-value< 0.0001). LHR ?10 was only observed for the identification of the post-pubertal growth phase for the H stage of the second molar. In spite of the high correlation coefficients between mandibular second molar calcification stages and skeletal maturity, these stages are reliable only for the identification of the post pubertal growth phase

Association between Immunofluorescence Pattern and Mucosal Involvement in Patients with Bullous Pemphigoid

Bullous pemphigoid is an acquired autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease which is associated with mucocutaneous lesions. The type and amount of autoantibody deposition may have a role in mucosal lesions. We studied the association between mucosal involvement and direct immunofluorescence pattern in cutaneous lesions of patients with bullous pemphigoid. In this retrospective analytical cross-sectional study, we studied the demographic data, clinical presentations, and immunopathological findings of 69 patients with bullous pemphigoid admitted to our hospital 2008-2016. Patients were allocated into two groups on the basis of the mucosal involvement, and direct immunofluorescence patterns were evaluated. The data were analyzed using SPSS version18. The mean age of patients was 70.9±14.97 (mean ± Standard Deviation) years old. In our study, 56.5% of patients were women. All patients showed deposition of IgG and C3 in the dermoepidermal junction, with different severity. Patients with mucosal involvement (40.6% of cases) had a more prominent deposition of IgG, IgA, and C3 at the dermoepidermal junction compared with patients without mucosal involvement, which represented a statistically significant difference (P&lt;0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that lower age, IgA, and C3 deposition (P&lt;0.05) were associated with mucosal involvement. Deposition of IgA and C3 (in addition to IgG) at the dermoepidermal junction seems to be a marker of mucosal involvement in patients with bullous pemphigoid. Attention to direct immunofluorescence pattern in patients with bullous pemphigoid may be helpful in prediction of mucosal involvement in these patients. </p

The effect of consuming evening primrose oil on cervical preparation before hysteroscopy: An RCT

Background: Herbal medicine could be effective at treating various illnesses. Hysteroscopy can be an effective method for assessing the uterus in terms of anatomical, physiological and pathological anomalies. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of evening primrose oil (EPO) on cervical preparation in women candidates for hysteroscopy. Materials and Methods: This study was a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial including 160 women candidates for diagnostic hysteroscopy who were referred to Alzahra hospital from August 2019-March 2020. They were divided into 2 groups. Group A received 100 mg EPO as a soft gel capsule 6 hr before the hysterectomy in the posterior vaginal fornix. Group B received a placebo. After receiving the treatment, primary and secondary outcomes were evaluated in the groups. Results: The average Hegar size in the EPO group was larger than in the control group (p &lt; 0.001 for both). Also, the need for mechanical dilation, the time taken until the first resistance and the time of dilatation completion in the EPO group were significantly less than in the placebo group (p &lt; 0.008 for all). There was also greater ease of dilatation in the EPO group. Side effects such as uterine rupture, false passage, cervical rupture, allergic reaction, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, headache and increase of bowel movements were not reported in any cases. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, EPO is effective for cervical preparation in women undergoing hysteroscopy. Key words: Hysteroscopy, Dilatation, EPOGAM, Gamma-linolenic acid

Association between Immunofluorescence Pattern and Mucosal Involvement in Patients with Bullous Pemphigoid

Bullous pemphigoid is an acquired autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease which is associated with mucocutaneous lesions. The type and amount of autoantibody deposition may have a role in mucosal lesions. We studied the association between mucosal involvement and direct immunofluorescence pattern in cutaneous lesions of patients with bullous pemphigoid. In this retrospective analytical cross-sectional study, we studied the demographic data, clinical presentations, and immunopathological findings of 69 patients with bullous pemphigoid admitted to our hospital 2008-2016. Patients were allocated into two groups on the basis of the mucosal involvement, and direct immunofluorescence patterns were evaluated. The data were analyzed using SPSS version18. The mean age of patients was 70.9±14.97 (mean ± Standard Deviation) years old. In our study, 56.5% of patients were women. All patients showed deposition of IgG and C3 in the dermoepidermal junction, with different severity. Patients with mucosal involvement (40.6% of cases) had a more prominent deposition of IgG, IgA, and C3 at the dermoepidermal junction compared with patients without mucosal involvement, which represented a statistically significant difference (P&lt;0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that lower age, IgA, and C3 deposition (P&lt;0.05) were associated with mucosal involvement. Deposition of IgA and C3 (in addition to IgG) at the dermoepidermal junction seems to be a marker of mucosal involvement in patients with bullous pemphigoid. Attention to direct immunofluorescence pattern in patients with bullous pemphigoid may be helpful in prediction of mucosal involvement in these patients. </p

Global prevalence of suicide in patients living with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: In fact, people living with HIV are at a greater risk of mental health disorders. Based on lack of necessary information in this area the present systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted to determine the magnitude of committed suicides among HIV/AIDS people as well as their associated factors in a global setting. Method: Firstly we registered the protocol of study in PROSPRO. Then the publications were searched in the 4 main databases from January 2000 to April 2022. After removing duplication and inappropriate studies we applied inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally 60 studies were included for analysis. Comprehensive meta-analysis software were used for analyzing. Results: After reviewing 60 articles published from January 2000 to April 2021 in 24 countries, the total prevalence rate of suicide among 61,904 patients was estimated at 0.249 (95 % CI, 0.2–0.306). Findings indicated that the highest suicide prevalence was related to single patients estimated at 0.257 (95 % CI, 0.184–0.347). A gender-based meta-analysis depicted that the prevalence of suicide/ suicidal ideation was higher among females estimated at 0.22 (95 % CI, 0.15–0.29) compared with men at 0.17 (95 % CI, 0.11–0.23). Conclusion: Health planners and policymakers should develop suicide-prevention strategies aimed at female patients in younger age groups who live alone and are deprived of social support to effectively promote their self-efficacy in successful management of the disease. Integrating mental health services into anti-retroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS patients is also suggested in order to effectively design integrated programs for the management of individuals living with HIV/AIDS

Global depression in Breast Cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Breast cancer is known as one of the most common diseases among women, the psychological consequences of which are common in women and affect various aspects of their lives, so this study aims to investigate the prevalence of depression among women with breast cancer globally. Method: The present meta-analysis was performed by searching for keywords related to breast cancer and depression in 4 main databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences and Scopus in the period of January 2000 to November 2021 and the results of the study using R and CMA software were analyzed. Results: A total of 71 studies were selected in English and the results of the analysis showed that the prevalence of depression in women with breast cancer is 30.2%, with Pakistan having the highest (83%) prevalence of depression and Taiwan having the lowest (8.3%). And in the WHO regions, EMRO region had the highest (49.7%) rate and SEARO region had the lowest (23%) prevalence of depression. Also, with increasing age, the prevalence of depression among women with breast cancer increases. Conclusion: Community and family support for women with breast cancer, holding psychology and psychotherapy courses, lifestyle modifications and training in this area can be effective in preventing the reduction of the prevalence of depression, and given the pivotal role of women in family affairs, this This can be in line with the work of health system policymakers

Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning on Math Anxiety, Academic Motivation and Academic Buoyancy in High school Students

The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of cooperative learning on math anxiety, academic motivation and academic buoyancy in female high school students. The current research is a pretest-posttest follow-up semi experimental design with a control group. Participants were 30 students selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Experimental group received cooperative learning intervention (math book contents) in 10 sessions in five weeks and control group was taught by using traditional method (lecture method) during this period. Data collection tools included Plake and Parker Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (1982), Harter Academic Motivation Scale (1981) and Hosseinchari and Dehghanizadeh Academic Buoyancy (2012). Analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to examine the hypotheses. The results indicated there is a significant difference between experimental and control group in math anxiety, motivation and academic buoyancy (P < .01). According to results, the cooperative learning improved motivation and academic buoyancy and reduced levels of math anxiety in experimental group. Consequently results supported the impact of cooperative learning in improving motivational outcomes and reducing the negative emotions in high school students

Subtypes of Benign Breast Disease as a Risk Factor for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol

Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease. Benign breast disease (BBD) is one of the most important risk factors for breast cancer. The etiology of BBD is unknown. It is divided into nonproliferative and proliferative diseases. The selection of studies will be based on titles, abstract screening, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and quality assessment. Previous studies have shown that all types of BBD increase the risk of breast cancer, but the risk degree is different for each one. Accurate risk estimation of breast cancer in each category can be very important for proper clinical management. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted on observational studies (traditional case control, nested case control, case cohort, and cohort) published in the Web of Science (ISI), PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Google Scholar, and the key journals of this field such as Breast Cancer Research and Treatment and Cancer Research from January 2000 to June 2015. Reference lists and gray literature will be reviewed too. All the initial retrievals will be performed by 2 researchers independently. The data extraction form will consist of general information concerning the studies, study eligibility, method, risk of bias assessment, and results—including odds ratios, risk ratios, rate ratios, and hazard ratios. The PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines will be used to report our findings. Registration Details: PROSPERO-4201603524

Accuracy of digital bitewing radiographs with and without applying horizontal tube shift in the diagnosis of residual excess cement around dental implants: An in vitro study

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic value of digital Bitewing (BW) radiographs with and without horizontal tube shift in detecting Residual excess cement (REC) on the proximal and non-proximal surfaces of implant restorations. Material and Methods:Eight mandibular models were fabricated with two implants placed on each side in the premolar and first molar positions. Excess cement was applied to either proximal or non-proximal surfaces of the restorations intentionally during the process of crown cementation. BW radiographs with and without applying horizontal tube shift were acquired. Three maxillofacial radiologists were asked to determine the presence and location of REC in the radiographs. Sensitivity and specificity of the radiographic technique were assessed according to the restoration surface that contained REC. Results: Sensitivity of BW radiographs was 100% for the detection of REC on the proximal surfaces and 41-18, 80% on the non-proximal surfaces. Specificity of the technique was 85.71%-100% for the proximal surfaces and 75-94. 12% for the non-proximal areas. Specificity of the radiographic method was generally greater than its sensitivity for the non-proximal surfaces while in the proximal areas, the two variables had quite similar values. Conclusion: Digital BW radiography is generally more useful for detection of REC on the proximal surfaces. Higher specificity of this technique for the bucco-lingual surfaces suggests more reliability of the negative diagnoses in the non-proximal areas.Objetivo: Evaluar el valor diagnóstico de las radiografías digitales bitewing (BW), con y sin desplazamiento horizontal del tubo, para detectar el exceso de cemento residual (ECR) en las superficies proximales y no proximales de las restauraciones con implantes. Material y Métodos: Se fabricaron ocho modelos mandibulares con dos implantes colocados a cada lado en las posiciones premolar y primer molar. El exceso de cemento se aplicó intencionalmente en las superficies proximales o no proximales de las restauraciones durante el proceso de cementación de la corona. Se adquirieron radiografías BW con y sin aplicación de desplazamiento horizontal del tubo. Se pidió a tres radiólogos maxilofaciales que determinaran la presencia y ubicación de ECR en las radiografías. La sensibilidad y la especificidad de la técnica radiográfica se evaluaron según la superficie de restauración que contenía ECR. Resultados: La sensibilidad de las radiografías de BW fue del 100% para la detección de ECR en las superficies proximales y del 41,18-80% en las superficies no proximales. La especificidad de la técnica fue 85-71, 100% para las superficies proximales y 75-94, 12% para las áreas no proximales. La especificidad del método radiográfico fue generalmente mayor que su sensibilidad para las superficies no proximales, mientras que en las áreas proximales, las dos variables tuvieron valores bastante similares. Conclusión: La radiografía digital BW es generalmente más útil para la detección de ECR en las superficies proximales. La mayor especificidad de esta técnica para las superficies buco-linguales sugiere una mayor confiabilidad de los diagnósticos negativos en las áreas no proximales