Review of Hussain Sagar Lake Pollution, Hyderabad, India

Hussain sagar lake, a historical lake which was built in 1562 by Hussain Shaw Wali is situated in the heart of Hyderabad city, India. Earlier up to 1930's, it was the major water source to meet drinking and irrigation requirements for both twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. Now this lake turned to virtual garbage bin with no adequate treatment for wastewater loads originated from point and non point sources. Therefore the lake loses the capability of self purification system which was an important factor that depends on the maximum uptake of oxygen from the atmosphere. Multiple projects were undertaken by the concerned authorities for the improvement of Hussain sagar lake and its catchment area. Recently With referring to the Lake health status, In 2006, HMDA, a governing body set up by Andhra Pradesh Government, initiated “Hussainsagar Lake and Catchment Area Improvement project” and set up STPs and wastewater interception and diversion structures. It also installed fountains to aerate the lake to improve its water quality as well as to add beauty. But these measures are lying ineffective to manage wastewater loads. This paper discusses that the Hussain Sagar lake water body over decades, has been polluted adversely from discharging of organic and inorganic pollutants through open drains as well as point and non point sources and also presents various measures had taken to rejuvenate Hussain Sagar Lake to its past glory

Critical Behavior of Light

Light is shown to exhibit critical and tricritical behavior in passive mode-locked lasers with externally injected pulses. It is a first and unique example of critical phenomena in a one-dimensional many body light-mode system. The phase diagrams consist of regimes with continuous wave, driven para-pulses, spontaneous pulses via mode condensation, and heterogeneous pulses, separated by phase transition lines which terminate with critical or tricritical points. Enhanced nongaussian fluctuations and collective dynamics are observed at the critical and tricritical points, showing a mode system analog of the critical opalescence phenomenon. The critical exponents are calculated and shown to comply with the mean field theory, which is rigorous in the light system.Comment: RevTex, 5 pages, 3 figure

Desain dan Purwarupa Fuzzy Logic Control untuk Pengendalian Suhu Ruangan

Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) merupakan salah satu metode pengendalian sistem yang saat ini banyak digunakan di beberapa disiplin ilmu, khususnya di bidang sistem kendali. Dalam perancangan FLC tidak diperlukan model matematis dari sistem yang akan dikendalikan. Hal ini menjadi salah satu keunggulan FLC sehingga perancangan pengendali lebih mudah dilakukan dengan hanya mengandalkan aturan logika. Pada makalah ini, akan dirancang FLC untuk sistem pendingin ruangan dan direalisasikan dalam bentuk prototype untuk kesederhanaan perancangan. Sistem ini memiliki masukan suhu ruangan dan banyaknya orang di ruangan, sedangkan keluarannya adalah tingkat pendinginan ruangan tersebut. Pengujian sistem ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil keluaran pengendali melalui simulasi Fuzzy Logic Toolbox yang tersedia pada MATLAB. Dua unit purwarupa dirancang dengan sensor masukan yang berbeda sebagai perbandingan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa purwarupa sistem pertama dan kedua mampu mengendalikan suhu ruangan dengan rata-rata kesalahan berturut-turut 1,31% dan 4,06% jika dibandingkan dengan simulasi MATLAB

Length functions on currents and applications to dynamics and counting

The aim of this (mostly expository) article is twofold. We first explore a variety of length functions on the space of currents, and we survey recent work regarding applications of length functions to counting problems. Secondly, we use length functions to provide a proof of a folklore theorem which states that pseudo-Anosov homeomorphisms of closed hyperbolic surfaces act on the space of projective geodesic currents with uniform north-south dynamics.Comment: 35pp, 2 figures, comments welcome! Second version: minor corrections. To appear as a chapter in the forthcoming book "In the tradition of Thurston" edited by V. Alberge, K. Ohshika and A. Papadopoulo

Sum of Lyapunov exponents of the Hodge bundle with respect to the Teichmuller geodesic flow

We compute the sum of the positive Lyapunov exponents of the Hodge bundle with respect to the Teichmuller geodesic flow. The computation is based on the analytic Riemann-Roch Theorem and uses a comparison of determinants of flat and hyperbolic Laplacians when the underlying Riemann surface degenerates.Comment: Minor corrections. To appear in Publications mathematiques de l'IHE

Gambaran Rinitis Alergi pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau Angkatan 2013-2014

Allergic Rhinitis is an inflammation reaction at nasal mucous that is caused by allergic reaction mediated by IgE, its identified by symptoms like rinore, sneeze, nasal itch, nasal congestion, itchy and watery red eyes. This research was done to visualizing and evaluating allergic rhinitis among stundents of Riau University's Medical Faculty Generation 2013/2014. The design of the research was desciptive research wih cross sectional approach using total sampling sample recovery technique. From 293 respondents, 74 was suspected to having allergic rhinitis based from their questioner, physical examination, and skin prick test. From the result of the research, prevalention of allergic rhinitis is 74 students (25.25%). Further description of the research revealed that gender with the most allergic rhinitis suspect is female (19,79%), the most complained symptom is sneeze (03,24%), followed by nasal congestion (85,13%), the most common classification of allergic rhinitis to be the intermitten type (64,86%), the most common degree of allergic rhinitis is moderate-severe (50%). On physical inspection, allergic shiner (86,48%) is the most common physical findings, findings from anterior rhinoscope examination is livid mucous (100%). Tyoe of aeroallergen most commonly found is Dermatophagoides farinae (63,51%) followed by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (60,81%) and Blomia Tropicalis (58,10%