The ancient constitution, common law and the Idyll of Albion: law and lawyers in Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2

In Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2 Shakespeare provides an image of the unifying function of law in a disjointed society. This article examines the depiction in these plays of an idealized legal system, whose agents subscribe to the axioms of an equitable jurisprudence, in which kings are subject to an unwritten moral law. The central role played by common lawyers in shaping the development of the ancient constitution is considered by reference to two of the principal players in Henry IV, Part 2: the Lord Chief Justice and Justice Shallow. The influence of several judges of the early modern period (especially the Lancastrian Chief Justice, Sir John Fortescue) over the depiction of these two characters is analyzed. In the second part of the article the various models of fatherhood offered in the plays are examined. The correlation between paternity and the mystical nature of kingship provides the basis for the final section of the article, in which is considered the possible influence of Plowden's Report of the Case of the Duchy of Lancaster over the formulation of Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2

Male-biased operational sex ratios and the Viking phenomenon : an evolutionary anthropological perspective on Late Iron Age Scandinavian raiding

Acknowledgements We would like to thank Laura Whitehouse, John Carman, Oliver Grimm, Julie Lund, Bjørnar Olsen, two anonymous reviewers, and the editor for their comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this paper. We also thank Alex Woolf for providing us with a copy of his forthcoming article on the Vikings in Ireland. Lastly, we are grateful to Luke Glowacki, Shane McFarlane, and Ryan Schacht for their insights about raiding and OSRs. Needless to say, all remaining errors are our own. Funding BR and MC are supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada through a Partnership Grant (895-2011-1009) awarded to the Cultural Evolution of Religion Research Consortium (www.ubc/hecc/cerc). MC is also supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund, and Simon Fraser University. NP is supported by a Swedish Research Council grant for "The Viking Phenomenon" project (2015-00466).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The monarchical republic : constitutionality and the legal profession

It is the purpose of this essay to analyse the theme of legal constitutionality, by reference to the republican symbolism of the Elizabethan Inns of Court revels. Relevant to this analysis is the description by Gerard Legh of his visit to the Inner Temple revels of1561-62, at which Gorboduc was originally performed. In a broader theoretical context, the themes addressed by Gorboduc are considered in relation to Elizabethan political literature (notably Sir Thomas Smith’s De Republica Anglorum) and with regard to a prototypical work of late medieval/early modern, English constitutional theory, De Laudibus Legum Angliae, written by Sir John Fortescue. Finally, Gorboduc is considered in the context of Renaissance theories surrounding the didactic aim of poetic drama, with allusion to the ideal articulated by Sir Philip Sidney in The Defence of Poesie, that poetry performed a crucial political and moral role, which was to teach as well as to delight

Phase separation on a hyperbolic lattice

We report a preliminary numerical study by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of the dynamics of phase separation following a quench from high to low temperature in a system with a single, conserved, scalar order parameter (a kinetic Ising ferromagnet) confined to a hyperbolic lattice. The results are compared with simulations of the same system on two different, Euclidean lattices, in which cases we observe power-law domain growth with an exponent near the theoretically known value of 1/3. For the hyperbolic lattice we observe much slower domain growth, consistent to within our current accuracy with power-law growth with a much smaller exponent near 0.13. The paper also includes a brief introduction to non-Euclidean lattices and their mapping to the Euclidean plane.Comment: Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed Matter Physics 26 (CSP13), Edited by D.P. Landau, S.P. Lewis, H.-B. Schuttle

The fraud at high flying corporations: Developing audit interview skills

This instructional case is designed to simulate a real world audit situation where red flags, primarily related to the existence assertion and related party transactions, have been uncovered and additional information must be obtained from the client, High Flying Corporation. Each student individually interviews a client official who is portrayed by a practicing accountant from the business community. This case provides students with an opportunity to make real-time judgments regarding the validity and reasonableness of information provided by a client and to determine an appropriate course of action, while simultaneously dealing with client behaviors intended to evoke negative emotional reactions and to undermine their confidence. This case is appropriate for advanced auditing at the undergraduate level, forensic accounting at the undergraduate or graduate level, or introductory or advanced auditing at the graduate level

The association of calcium supplementation and incident cardiovascular events in the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

Many US adults use calcium supplements to address inadequate dietary intake and improve bone health. However, recent reports have suggested that use of calcium supplements may elevate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. In this study, we examined associations between baseline calcium supplement use and incident myocardial infarction (MI) (n=208 events) and CVD events (n=641 events) over 10.3 years in men and women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort (n=6,236), with dietary calcium intake at baseline also examined as a supplementary objective