Thermodynamic properties of maize grains for different equilibrium moisture contents

The study of thermodynamic properties provides knowledge on the sorbent affinity for water and spontaneity of the sorption process, being important to design drying equipments. This study aimed at determining and evaluating the thermodynamic properties of different equilibrium moisture contents in maize grains, by using the indirect static method. The experiment was conducted in Rio Verde, Goiás State, Brazil, with maize grains (AG 7088 cultivar) presenting an initial moisture content of 23.3% (dry basis - d.b.), which were dried (40ºC) to achieve the moisture content of 14.4% (d.b.). It was observed that the thermodynamic properties were influenced by moisture content, the integral isosteric heat of desorption increased with the decrease in the equilibrium moisture content, the desorption process of the AG 7088 maize cultivar was controlled by enthalpy and the Gibbs free energy was positive for the temperatures evaluated, increasing along the desorption process, showing to be a non-spontaneous process

PROPRIEDADES TERMODINÂMICAS DE SEMENTES DE TUCUMÃ-DE-GOIÁS (Astrocaryum huaimi Mart.)

The fruits and seeds of tucumã-of-Goiás have important nutritional properties and are used in human consumption and feed. Thus, the study of the thermodynamic properties in the drying process is critical to project analysis equipment, preservation and packaging process of seeds. The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the thermodynamic properties for different hygroscopic moisture contents of seeds tucumãof- Goiás. For the experimental data we used the static indirect at temperatures of 10, 20, 30 and 40 °C and moisture content of 12.8; 8.9; 5.8 and 3.6% dry base (d.b). The model Copace was that got the best fit to hygroscopic equilibrium moisture content. The thermodynamic properties are affected by moisture content, and the latent heat of vaporization of water from the seeds increases with the decrease in the equilibrium moisture content ranging from 3049.00 to 2666.73 kJ kg-1 for moisture content of 3.6 to 12.8% d.b., respectively. The enthalpy and differential entropy are strongly related to the moisture content of seeds. The isokinetic temperature of 210.93 K confirms the chemical linear compensation between differential entropy and enthalpy seeds of tucumã-of-Goiás, the desorption process being controlled by the enthalpy of seeds

Teoria das filas para a análise de estacionamento em centros universitários / Theory of queue for parking's university analysis

Nos grandes centros urbanos os problemas relacionados com a mobilidade têm sido crescentes. Dentre eles, está o intenso desenvolvimento de polos geradores de tráfego, como as universidades, sem planejamento prévio nos espaços destinados ao estacionamento de veículos, fazendo com que as vias urbanas sejam usadas para tal fim. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo, por meio da Teoria das Filas, das áreas de estacionamentos existentes em centros universitários, a fim de avaliar a capacidade das mesmas e identificar possíveis déficits. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo de caso dentro da Escola de Engenharia da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Neste estudo, foi realizado um levantamento de dados de campo, aplicando-se um questionário com os usuários do estacionamento, e depois foi aplicada a Teoria das Filas para dimensionar o estacionamento. Assim, observou-se que dentro da Escola de Engenharia existe déficit de 36% no número de vagas oficiais

CINÉTICA DE SECAGEM DOS GRÃOS DE MILHO CULTIVAR AG 7088

The aim of this work was adjust different mathematical models to experimental data of drying maize(Zea mays L.), determine and evaluate the effective diffusion coefficient, and obtain the activation energy for theprocess during the drying air in various conditions. The experiment was carried out at IF Goiano (Campus Rio Verde).The grains of maize cultivar AG 7088 with an initial moisture content of 0.235 (kilogram of water per kilogram of drymatter) were subjected to drying in an oven with forced air ventilation in five temperature conditions: 40, 55, 70, 85 and100 °C, until they reach the moisture content of 0.149 ± 0.009 (kilogram of water per kilogram of dry matter). Amongthe ten models analyzed, the model of Newton presented the best fit to describe the drying phenomena. The effectivediffusion coefficient of maize increased with increased air temperature and the ratio of effective diffusion coefficientand the drying temperature can be described by the Arrhenius equation, which has an activation energy for liquiddiffusion in drying maize 19.09 kJ mol-1

ISOTERMAS E CALOR LATENTE DE DESSORÇÃO DOS GRÃOS DE MILHO DA CULTIVAR AG 7088

The study aimed to obtain the desorption isotherms of the maize cultivar AG 7088, adjust differentmathematical models to represent the hygroscopicity and calculate the latent heat of vaporization of this product. Thegrains were dried in a forced air oven at 40 °C in order to obtain the various moisture contents. The desorption isothermsof maize grains were determined for the temperatures of 10, 20, 30 and 40 °C, using the indirect static method, andmoisture activity (Aw) for each moisture content determined by the equipment Hygropalm Model Aw1. Experimentaldata adjusted fitted to mathematical models frequently used to represent the hygroscopicity of agricultural products.The results obtained showed that the equilibrium moisture content of corn grain decreased with increasing temperaturein the same water activity. Based on statistical parameters, the model proposed by Oswin presented the best adjustmentto the hygroscopicity data of maize grains. The latent heat increases with decreasing moisture content and decreaseswith increasing temperatures for the same moisture content

Superação da dormência em sementes de macaúba [Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Loddiges ex Mart.]

Submitted by Liliane Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2020-03-05T12:14:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Aurélio Rúbio Neto - 2014.pdf: 221338 bytes, checksum: de6de7b6e7eceef0061adf91caa18d33 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2020-03-06T11:55:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Aurélio Rúbio Neto - 2014.pdf: 221338 bytes, checksum: de6de7b6e7eceef0061adf91caa18d33 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-06T11:55:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Aurélio Rúbio Neto - 2014.pdf: 221338 bytes, checksum: de6de7b6e7eceef0061adf91caa18d33 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Sementes do Instituto Federal Goiano Câmpus de Rio Verde, Estado de Goiás, visando acelerar e homogeneizar a germinação de sementes de macaúba. Para isso foi avaliado o efeito da escarificação física (remoção do tegumento na região do hilo), térmica (embebição das sementes em água aquecida a aproximadamente 100°C, por dois e quatro minutos) e química (ácido sulfúrico 98%, por dois e quatro minutos), comparadas ao controle (ausência de escarificação), bem como o efeito da forma de embebição (rápida e lenta) e diferentes concentrações do ácido giberélico (0, 100 e 200 mg L-1) na porcentagem e velocidade de germinação. A mortalidade das sementes escarificadas e mantidas em germinador ocorrem em baixas porcentagens, porém em casa de vegetação esse número foi acima de 50% quando se utilizou a escarificação térmica em água quente e em ácido sulfúrico. A escarificação física, removendo o tegumento das sementes na região do hilo, favoreceu a germinação das sementes e a emergência das plântulas, sendo este o tipo de escarificação mais indicado para a superação da dormência nessa espécie. Não se obteve acréscimo na germinação das sementes com o ácido giberélico, independente da forma de aplicação nas sementes.This study was performed to improve the speed of and standardize the process for the germination of macaw palm seeds. The effect of mechanical scarification (removal of the tegument in the hilum region), thermal scarification (imbibition of seeds in water at approximately 100°C for two or four minutes) and chemical scarification (98% sulfuric acid treatment for two or four minutes) were compared to a control (no scarification) in both a germination chamber and a greenhouse, representing trials one and two, respectively. The effect of imbibition speed (fast or slow) and different concentrations of gibberellic acid (0, 100 or 200 mg L-1) on the germination percentage and index of germination velocity were evaluated during a third trial. Mechanical scarification to remove the seed tegument in the hilum region enhanced the germination of the seeds in the germination chamber and seedling emergence in the greenhouse, and this type of scarification should be recommended for breaking dormancy in this species. Not obtained increase in seed germination with gibberellic acid, regardless of the application form in the seeds. Keywords: Arecaceae, germination, gibberellic acid

Rare Pathogenic Variants in Mitochondrial and Inflammation-Associated Genes May Lead to Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy in Chagas Disease

International audienceCardiomyopathies are an important cause of heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Little is known about the role of rare genetic variants in inflammatory cardiomyopathy. Chronic Chagas disease cardiomyopathy (CCC) is an inflammatory cardiomyopathy prevalent in Latin America, developing in 30% of the 6 million patients chronically infected by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, while 60% remain free of heart disease (asymptomatic (ASY)). The cytokine interferon-γ and mitochondrial dysfunction are known to play a major pathogenetic role. Chagas disease provides a unique model to probe for genetic variants involved in inflammatory cardiomyopathy. Methods We used whole exome sequencing to study nuclear families containing multiple cases of Chagas disease. We searched for rare pathogenic variants shared by all family members with CCC but absent in infected ASY siblings and in unrelated ASY. Results We identified heterozygous, pathogenic variants linked to CCC in all tested families on 22 distinct genes, from which 20 were mitochondrial or inflammation-relatedmost of the latter involved in proinflammatory cytokine production. Significantly, Edecio Cunha-Neto and Christophe Chevillard contributed equally to this work