49 research outputs found
The assessment of the efficacy of STRs panels recommended by the ISAG for canine pedigrees analysis for forensic casework
Copulas with given values on a horizontal and a vertical section
summary:In this paper we study the set of copulas for which both a horizontal section and a vertical section have been given. We give a general construction for copulas of this type and we provide the lower and upper copulas with these sections. Symmetric copulas with given horizontal section are also discussed, as well as copulas defined on a grid of the unit square. Several examples are presented
Construction of admissible linear orders for pairs of intervals
In this work we construct linear orders between pairs of intervals by using aggregation functions. We apply these orders in a decision-making problem where the experts provide their opinions by means of interval-valued fuzzy sets
How do genetic relatedness and spatial proximity shape African swine fever infections in wild boar?
The importance of social and spatial structuring of wildlife populations for disease spread, though widely recognized, is still poorly understood in many host-pathogen systems. In particular, system-specific kin relationships among hosts can create contact heterogeneities and differential disease transmission rates. Here, we investigate how distance-dependent infection risk is influenced by genetic relatedness in a novel host-pathogen system: wild boar (Sus scrofa) and African swine fever (ASF).We hypothesized that infection risk would correlate positively with proximity and relatedness to ASF-infected individuals but expected those relationships to weaken with the distance between individuals due to decay in contact rates and genetic similarity.We genotyped 323 wild boar samples (243 ASF-negative and 80 ASF-positive) collected in north-eastern Poland in 2014–2016 and modelled the effects of geographic distance, genetic relatedness and ASF virus transmission mode (direct or carcass-based) on the probability of ASF infection. Infection risk was positively associated with spatial proximity and genetic relatedness to infected individuals with generally stronger effect of distance. In the high-contact zone (0–2 km), infection risk was shaped by the presence of infected individuals rather than by relatedness to them. In the medium-contact zone (2–5 km), infection risk decreased but was still associated with relatedness and paired infections were more frequent among relatives. At farther distances, infection risk further declined with relatedness and proximity to positive individuals, and was 60% lower among un-related individuals in the no-contact zone (33% in10–20 km) compared among relatives in the high-contact zone (93% in 0–2 km). Transmission mode influenced the relationship between proximity or relatedness and infection risk. Our results indicate that the presence of nearby infected individuals is most important for shaping ASF infection rates through carcass-based transmission, while relatedness plays an important role in shaping transmission rates between live animals
Pre-aggregation functions: construction and an application
In this work we introduce the notion of preaggregation
function. Such a function satisfies the same boundary
conditions as an aggregation function, but, instead of requiring
monotonicity, only monotonicity along some fixed direction (directional
monotonicity) is required. We present some examples
of such functions. We propose three different methods to build
pre-aggregation functions. We experimentally show that in fuzzy
rule-based classification systems, when we use one of these
methods, namely, the one based on the use of the Choquet
integral replacing the product by other aggregation functions,
if we consider the minimum or the Hamacher product t-norms
for such construction, we improve the results obtained when
applying the fuzzy reasoning methods obtained using two classical
averaging operators like the maximum and the Choquet integral.This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Science
and Technology under projects TIN2008-06681-C06-01, TIN2010-
15055, TIN2013-40765-P, TIN2011-29520
Construction of admissible linear orders for interval-valued Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy sets with an application to decision making
In this work we introduce a method for constructing linear orders between pairs of intervals by using
aggregation functions. We adapt this method to the case of interval-valued Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy
sets and we apply these sets and the considered orders to a decision making problem.The work has been supported by projects TIN2013-40765-P and
MTM2012-37894-C02-02 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and
the Research Services of the Universidad Publica de Navarra
Monolithic integration of InP on Si by molten alloy driven selective area epitaxial growth
We report a new approach for monolithic integration of III-V materials into
silicon, based on selective area growth and driven by a molten alloy in
metal-organic vapor epitaxy. Our method includes elements of both selective
area and droplet-mediated growths and combines the advantages of the two
techniques. Using this approach, we obtain organized arrays of high crystalline
quality InP insertions into (100) oriented Si substrates. Our detailed
structural, morphological and optical studies reveal the conditions leading to
defect formation. These conditions are then eliminated to optimize the process
for obtaining dislocation-free InP nanostructures grown directly on Si and
buried below the top surface. The PL signal from these structures exhibits a
narrow peak at the InP bandgap energy. The fundamental aspects of the growth
are studied by modeling the InP nucleation process. The model is fitted by our
x-ray diffraction measurements and correlates well with the results of our
transmission electron microscopy and optical investigations. Our method
constitutes a new approach for the monolithic integration of active III-V
material into Si platform and opens up new opportunities in active Si
photonics