56 research outputs found

    Monoclonal anti-endoglin antibody TRC105 (carotuximab) prevents hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction in human aortic endothelial cells

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    15 p.-11 fig.Endoglin (Eng) is a co-receptor of the transforming growth factor β superfamily playing an important role in endothelial dysfunction. TRC105 (carotuximab) is a monoclonal antibody that blocks Eng and its downstream Smad signaling pathway. Here we have investigated for the first time the effects of TRC105 treatment on the development of endothelial dysfunction induced by 7-ketocholesterol (7K) or high glucose (HG), focusing on Eng expression, signaling, and function. In the hypercholesterolemia study, human aortic endothelial cells (HAoECs) were treated with TRC105 (300 μg/ml) for 1 h, followed by the addition of 7K (10 μg/ml) for another 12 h. In the hyperglycemia study, HAoECs were exposed to HG (45 mM) for 60 h, followed by the addition of TRC105 for another 12 h, and cells treated with 5mM glucose and 40 mM mannitol served as control. Protein levels, adhesion, and transmigration of monocytes were assessed by flow cytometry, mRNA expression was measured by qRT-PCR. 7K and HG treatment increased protein levels of NF-κB and Eng and adhesion and transmigration of monocytes through HAoECs monolayer. TRC105 pretreatment reduced the 7K- or HG-induced Eng protein levels and pSmad1/5 and pSmad2/3 signaling. Despite increased protein levels of P-selectin and VCAM-1, TRC105 mediated blockage of Eng prevented 7K- and HG-induced adhesion and transmigration of monocytes through endothelial monolayers. These results suggest that TRC105-mediated Eng blockage can counteract the hypercholesterolemia- and hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction in HAoECs, suggesting that Eng might be a potential therapeutic target in disorders associated with elevated cholesterol and glucose levels.This research was supported by grants from the Grant Agency of Charles University (GAUK No. 1130120), Czech Science Foundation (GACR 22-14961S), Specific University Research (SVV 260 549), efficiency and safety improvement of current drugs and nutraceuticals: advanced methods new challenge grant (EFSA-CDN; No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000841), and by Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), grant number: 201920E022.Peer reviewe

    Possibilities of flow cytometry in analysis of cellular response to genotoxic stress

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    Possibilities of flow cytometry in analysis of cellular response to genotoxic stress Flow cytometry is a modern tool for interrogating the immunophenotype and functional characteristics of cells. It is a technique of quantitative single cell analysis that works by sensing optical properties of cells in a flow stream with laser beam. Analysis and differentiation of the cells is based on size, granularity, and whether the cell is carrying fluorescent molecules in the form of either conjugated antibodies or dyes. The cells may be stained with fluorescent dyes, incubated with fluorogenic substrate or labelled with fluorochrome-linked antibodies specific for molecules either on the surface or in the intracellular components of the cell. Flow cytometers are multiparameter, recording several measurements on each cell. Therefore, it is possible to identify a homogeneous subpopulation within a heterogeneous population of cells. When cells are exposed to genotoxic agent, they respond quantitatively and qualitatively according to the absorbed dose and the cell type. To cope with the resulting damage to cellular DNA, the temporary cell-cycle checkpoints and DNA damage response mechanisms are activated to allow more time for effective repair. However, if these mechanisms fail or the damage is irreparable, then..

    Zvyšování jistoty rozhodnutí při určování zbytkové životnosti pomocí metod technické bezdemontážní diagnostiky

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    Import 21/04/2006Prezenční výpůjčkaVŠB - Technická univerzita Ostrava. Fakulta strojní. Katedra (344) výrobních strojů a konstruován

    Motivation mechanisms and dependency.

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    Katedra biologických a lékařských vědDepartment of Biological and Medical SciencesFarmaceutická fakulta v Hradci KrálovéFaculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králov

    Possibilities of flow cytometry in analysis of cellular response to genotoxic stress

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    Possibilities of flow cytometry in analysis of cellular response to genotoxic stress Flow cytometry is a modern tool for interrogating the immunophenotype and functional characteristics of cells. It is a technique of quantitative single cell analysis that works by sensing optical properties of cells in a flow stream with laser beam. Analysis and differentiation of the cells is based on size, granularity, and whether the cell is carrying fluorescent molecules in the form of either conjugated antibodies or dyes. The cells may be stained with fluorescent dyes, incubated with fluorogenic substrate or labelled with fluorochrome-linked antibodies specific for molecules either on the surface or in the intracellular components of the cell. Flow cytometers are multiparameter, recording several measurements on each cell. Therefore, it is possible to identify a homogeneous subpopulation within a heterogeneous population of cells. When cells are exposed to genotoxic agent, they respond quantitatively and qualitatively according to the absorbed dose and the cell type. To cope with the resulting damage to cellular DNA, the temporary cell-cycle checkpoints and DNA damage response mechanisms are activated to allow more time for effective repair. However, if these mechanisms fail or the damage is irreparable, then..

    Transport mechanisms of drugs trough the blood-brain barrier and their influencing by L-carnitine.

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    Many neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and infections of the brain become more prevalent as population become older. That is one of the reasons, why blood-brain barier and it's transport mechanisms are intensively investigated. The blood-brain barrier is a unique membranous barrier that tightly segregates the brain from the circulating blood. The blood- brain barrier is formed by the connection of closely adjacent tight junctions between the capillary endothelial cells, which are not fenestrated and which display minimal pinocytosis. The capilary endothelial cells form a polarized barrier, which regulates transport of molecules across the blood-brain barrier. L-carnitine is compound necessary in the peripheral tissues for a transfer of fatty acids for their oxidation within the cell, it accumulates in the brain despite low β-oxidation in this organ. In order to enter the brain, L-carnitine has to cross the blood- brain barrier via specific carnitine transporters. The aim of this work was to describe recent information about blood-brain barrier, L-carnitine, transport mechanisms across blood-brain barrier and to find whether administration of L-carnitine can affect effect of 7- methoxytacrine. As a marker of the effect of drugs tested was chosen determination of activity of AChE by Ellman method in..

    Prvotní průzkum důlních vod železorudného ložiska Chrustenice

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    This paper describes the primary research of mine waters in the Chrustenice Iron-ore Deposit. A particular attention is paid here to the research of microorganisms living in that environment. The goal of the research is to analyse mine waters in the area which was abandoned by people more than 45 years ago and to investigate microorganisms and representatives of species present there in the mine waters. The Chrustenice Mine ranked among the biggest and most important iron ore mines in Barrandien. This mine along with the mines in Nučice, Zdice, Nový Jáchymov and Mníšek pod Brdy contributed to the fame of the regional mining industry. Sedimentary oolitic iron ore in Chrustenice consists mostly of red iron ore based on Černín layers, siderite and, to a lesser extent, of haematite and chamosite. In exceptional cases, magnetite is present there. The Černín shale is black clay shale with sandy ingredients and many potash-mica scales. Now, the mine is flooded up to the 8th level. In the remaining area, there is a mining history museum with dozens of exhibits. In samples of the mining water taken on the site, mostly iron, manganese and sulphur microorganisms were identified. The primary study of the mine waters in the iron-ore deposit shows that, from the microbiological point of view, this site is very interesting and many chemolithotrophic species of bacteria are present there.Tento článek popisuje prvotní průzkum důlních vod železnorudného ložiska Chrustenice. Článek je zaměřen především na průzkum mikroorganismů žijících v tomto prostředí. Cílem průzkumu bylo analyzovat důlní vody těchto více než 45 let člověkem nevyužívaných prostor především na mikroorganismy a zjistit zástupce jednotlivých rodů, které se v těchto vodách za daných podmínek vyskytují. Důl Chrustenice patřil k největším a nejvýznamnějším železorudným dolům Barrandienu a spolu s doly v Nučicích, Zdicích, Novém Jáchymově a Míšku pod Brdy založil slávu zdejšího hornictví. Chrustenické sedimentární oolitické rudy jsou tvořeny převážně krevelem na bázi černínských vrstev, dále pak sideritem, méně pak hematitem a chamositem, výjimečně také magnetitem. Černínské břidlice jsou černé jílovité břidlice s písčitou příměsí a jsou bohaté na šupinky muskovitu. V současné době je důl zatopen až na úroveň 8. patra. Ve zbylých prostorách je vybudována veřejně přístupná expozice historického dolování s desítky exponátů. Ve vzorcích důlních vod odebraných na místě byly identifikovány především nálezy železitých, manganových a sirných mikroorganismů. Prvotní studie důlních vod železorudného ložiska ukazuje na velmi zajímavou lokalitu z mikrobiologického hlediska s vysokým výskytem chemolitotrofních druhů bakterií

    Primary Research of Mine Waters from the Chrustenice Iron-Ore Deposit/ Prvotní Průzkum Důlních Vod Železorudného Ložiska Chrustenice

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    Tento článek popisuje prvotní průzkum důlních vod železnorudného ložiska Chrustenice. Článek je zaměřen především na průzkum mikroorganismů žijících v tomto prostředí. Cílem průzkumu bylo analyzovat důlní vody těchto více než 45 let člověkem nevyužívaných prostor především na mikroorganismy a zjistit zástupce jednotlivých rodů, které se v těchto vodách za daných podmínek vyskytují. Důl Chrustenice patřil k největším a nejvýznamnějším železorudným dolům Barrandienu a spolu s doly v Nučicích, Zdicích, Novém Jáchymově a Míšku pod Brdy založil slávu zdejšího hornictví. Chrustenické sedimentární oolitické rudy jsou tvořeny převážně krevelem na bázi černínských vrstev, dále pak sideritem, méně pak hematitem a chamositem, výjimečně také magnetitem. Černínské břidlice jsou černé jílovité břidlice s písčitou příměsí a jsou bohaté na šupinky muskovitu. V současné době je důl zatopen až na úroveň 8. patra. Ve zbylých prostorách je vybudována veřejně přístupná expozice historického dolování s desítky exponátů. Ve vzorcích důlních vod odebraných na místě byly identifikovány především nálezy železitých, manganových a sirných mikroorganismů. Prvotní studie důlních vod železorudného ložiska ukazuje na velmi zajímavou lokalitu z mikrobiologického hlediska s vysokým výskytem chemolitotrofních druhů bakteri
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