ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN DAN KEBUTUHAN RUANG PARKIR DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM HAJI SURABAYA

Belakangan ini masyarakat sering mengeluhkan permasalahan ketersediaan parkir di lingkungan rumah sakit karena ruang parkir yang tersedia tidak mencukupi, salah satunya di Rumah Sakit Umum (RSU) Haji Surabaya. Oleh karena itu, kiranya penting untuk dilakukan analisis terhadap permasalahan parkir di lingkungan rumah sakit. Pada makalah ini akan disajikan hasil analisis terhadap kebutuhan ruang parkir (KRP) di RSU Haji Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan cara membandingkan antara KRP aktual dan standar KRP yang diterapkan oleh Pemerintah Kota Surabaya. Selain itu, juga dibandingkan dengan pedoman teknis penyelenggaraan fasilitas parkir Departemen Perhubungan 1996, dan standart parkir rumah sakit di beberapa kota di luar negeri, yakni Kota Washington dan Texas. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini diawali dengan melakukan studi kepustakaan mengenai parkir, survei pendahuluan pada RSU Haji Surabaya, pengumpulan data primer dan data sekunder. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa data dan pembahasan sehingga didapat KRP aktual pada RSU Haji Surabaya. KRP aktual yang didapat dibandingkan dengan standar KRP yang berlaku. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh karakteristik parkir dan KRP aktual pada RSU Haji Surabaya. Perbandingan KRP aktual dan standar KRP yang berlaku yaitu: pada RS Haji Surabaya 0,5 bed/SRP (KRP aktual), 8,61 bed/SRP (KRP Pemkot Surabaya), 2,09 bed/SRP (KRP Dirjen Perhubungan 1996), 4,0 bed/SRP (Washington-USA) dan 2,2 bed/SRP (Texas-USA). Hal ini berarti bahwa KRP aktual di RSU Haji Surabaya jauh lebih banyak dibandingan dengan standar yang berlaku baik standar nasional maupun standar asing. Untuk itu, sebaiknya keberadaan standar atau peraturan parkir yang ada kiranya perlu ditinjau ulang agar lebih adaptif dengan perkembangan terkini

KINERJA DAN ANALISIS FINANSIAL BUDIDAYA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) DI PT. NOERWY AQUA FARM KAB. SUKABUMI PROV. JAWA BARAT

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kinerja budidaya udang vaname dan menghitung analisis finansial usaha budidaya udang vaname. Penelitian dilakukan mulai dari tanggal 02 Maret 2020 sampai 15 Mei 2020 di PT. Noerwy Aqua Farm yang berada di Desa Cipeundeuy, Kecamatan Surade, Kabupaten Sukabumi, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode observasi dengan pola magang. Tujuh petak tambak dipergunakan dan pemeliharaan secara  intensif dengan padat tebar 184 ekor/m2. Kinerja budidaya yang diperoleh selama penelitian yaitu Average Daily Growth 0,17 gram/hari sampai 0,72 gram/hari, Survival Rate 72-83%, efektivitas penggunaan pakan dihitung dengan nilai Feed Conversion Ratio 1,1-1,5 dan produktivitas antara 32,09-38,19 ton/ha. Hasil produksi selama penelitian menghasilkan keuntungan sebesar Rp.7.892.873.428 pertahun dengan Revenue Cost Ratio 1,86, Break Even Point sebesar Rp.3.976.500.424 dan Payback Period selama 2,41 tahun. Kinerja budidaya yang dihasilkan dapat dikatakan baik dan berdasarkan analisis finansial usaha budidaya layak untuk dilakukan

Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospital workers before and after vaccination programme in East Java, Indonesia-A retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND: The incidence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among healthcare workers (HCWs) is widespread. It is important to understand COVID-19 characteristics among HCWs before and after vaccination. We evaluated the incidence of COVID-19 among HCWs in East Java, Indonesia comparing the characteristics of the disease between the pre- vs post-vaccination periods. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted among HCWs in two major hospitals in East Java, Indonesia, between April 01, 2020, and Oct 31, 2021. All HCWs were offered vaccination with inactivated viral vaccine (CoronaVac) from Jan 15, 2021. Therefore, we divided the time of the study into the pre-vaccination period (between April 01, 2020, and Jan 14, 2021) and post-vaccination period (between Jan 15 and Oct 31, 2021). We then compared the pattern of COVID-19 infections, and hospitalisations between these periods. FINDINGS: A total of 434 (15.1%) and 649 (22.6%) SARS-CoV-2 infections were reported among study participants (n=2,878) during the pre-vaccination and post-vaccination periods, respectively. The vaccine effectiveness was 73.3% during the first 3-4 months after vaccination but this decreased to 17.6% at 6-7 months after vaccination, which coincided with the emergence of the delta variant. The overall hospitalisation rate was reduced from 23.5% in the pre-vaccination period to 14.3% in the post-vaccination period. Hypertension appeared to be the strongest risk factor affecting hospitalisation in the pre-vaccination period. However, the risk due to hypertension was reduced in the post-vaccination period. INTERPRETATION: The risk to contract COVID-19 remains high among HCWs in East Java, Indonesia. Vaccination is important to reduce infection and hospitalisation. It is essentially important to evaluate the characteristics of COVID-19 infection, hospitalisation, the impact of co-morbidities and vaccine effectiveness in order to improve the measures applied in protecting HCWs during the pandemic. FUNDING: Mandate Research Grant No:1043/UN3.15/PT/2021, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesi

Hypertension is associated with antibody response and breakthrough infection in health care workers following vaccination with inactivated SARS-CoV-2

Several types of vaccines have been developed to prevent the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is important to understand whether demographic and clinical variables affect the effectiveness of various types of vaccines. This study analysed the association between demographic/clinical factors, antibody response and vaccine effectiveness in healthcare workers vaccinated with inactivated virus. We enrolled 101 healthcare workers who received two doses of inactivated viral vaccine (CoronaVac). Blood samples were analysed at 1, 3, and 5 months after the second dose of vaccination. Data regarding demographic characteristics, medical histories, and clinical parameters were collected by interview and medical examination. In a separate retrospective study, we analysed the incidence of vaccine breakthrough infection on 2714 healthcare workers who received two doses of inactivated viral vaccine. Medical histories and demographic data were collected using a structured self-reported questionnaire. We found that antibody titres markedly increased at 1 month after vaccination but gradually decreased at 3–5 months post-vaccination. We observed a significant association between age (≥40 years) and antibody level, whereas sex and body mass index (BMI) exhibited no effect on antibody titres. Amongst clinical variables analysed, high blood pressure and history of hypertension were significantly correlated with lower antibody titres. Consistently, we found a significant association in the retrospective study between hypertension and the incidence of breakthrough infection. In conclusion, our results showed that hypertension is associated with lower antibody titres and breakthrough infection following COVID-19 vaccination. Thus, blood pressure control might be important to improve the efficacy of inactivated virus vaccine