Entrepreneurial orientation and the threat of imitation: the influence of upstream and downstream capabilities

This paper uncovers the complexity between Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) and performance. The paper explores the effect of the threat of imitation, which is a key external factor to explain competitive dynamics, and hence highlights effectiveness of EO. Also the paper accounts for the role of upstream (technical) and downstream (marketing) capabilities as they influence effectiveness of EO. Our results show that, under threat of imitation, downstream marketing capabilities facilitate taping into opportunities derived from EO, which positively affects performance. Conversely, available upstream technical capabilities do not aim at EO when imitation threats exist in the environment. Of importance is that we question the complexity between EO and performance can be better understood using a configurational approach

Glaube und Vernunft: die Regensburger Vorlesung. Kommentiert von Gesine Schwan, Adel Theodor Khoury, Karl Kardinal Lehmann. [Reseña]

Reseña de BENEDIKT XVI, Glaube und Vernunft: die Regensburger Vorlesung. Kommentiert von Gesine Schwan, Adel Theodor Khoury, Karl Kardinal Lehmann, Herder, Freiburg 2006, l4l pp., 20,5 x 13, ISBN 3451295970

El concepto de verdad en Gregorio de Nisa.

En la teología del Niseno, el concepto de verdad constituye un tema transversal. Se halla presente en su descripción de la naturaleza divina, de la persona de Cristo, del Espíritu Santo, de la Iglesia, de la realidad creada y del conocimiento humano. El Niseno entiende la verdad como un concepto análogo. Dios es la verdad. Por tanto, Cristo es también la verdad y el Espíritu Santo es el Espíritu de la verdad. Respecto a la realidad creada, cualquier aplicación del concepto verdad, es a la vez, participación y sombra de la verdad divina

El tiempo del Espíritu: hacia una teología pneumatológica. [Reseña]

Reseña de J. José ALVIAR (ed.). El tiempo del Espíritu: hacia una teología pneumatológica, Eunsa, Pamplona 2006, 234 pp., 16 x 24, ISBN 84-313-2375-2

¿Es cristiano deshelenizar el cristianismo?

Hasta ahora, el clima teológico, profundamente condicionado por las tesis de Harnack, parecfa dar por supuesta la necesidad de una deshelenizacidn del cristianismo. La leccion de Benedicto XVI en Ratisbona ha supuesto una verdadera revoluci6n en este terreno: son precisamente las distintas demandas de deshelenizar el cristianismo lo que hay que examinar criticamente en cuanto implican privar al cristianismo de su intrfnseca relacidn con la verdad. Para responder a la cuestidn de si es cristiano deshelenizar el cristianismo, este artfculo se detiene en el desarrollo histdrico de los posicionamientos que demandan deshelenizar el cristianismo, estudia esta cuestidn en la obra teoldgica de J. Ratzinger y en su magisterio papal, y recoge el debate teoldgico, filosdfico e interreligioso que la Leccidn de Ratisbona ha suscitado

La recepción del concepto de philanthropía en la literatura cristiana de los dos primeros siglos.

Este trabajo aborda la historia del concepto de philanthropía en la literatura griega y en la literatura cristiana hasta Clemente de Alejandría. Este concepto venía siendo utilizado en el griego clásico y helenista desde el siglo V a.C. y se entendía sobre todo como propiedad de los dioses y virtud real. Fue empleado también en la literatura judía escrita en griego y comenzó a ser recibido en la literatura cristiana ya en el Nuevo Testamento aplicada al amor de Dios que se manifiesta en el misterio de Cristo en un texto de importancia capital (Tito 3,4). El sentido del término phiianthropia experimenta así una radical transformación y profundización. La recepción de este concepto en la teología cristiana encuentra su punto culminante en la obra de Clemente de Alejandría

New material and phylogenetic position of the basal iguanodont dinosaur Delapparentia turolensis from the Barremian (Early Cretaceous) of Spain

a partial postcranial skeleton discovered in the 1950s near the village of Galve (Teruel Province), within the Camarillas Formation. Recently, new remains from the same individual have been recovered, and these are described here. Furthermore, after first-hand examinations of the holotype, the phylogenetic position of this taxon has been analysed for the first time, and its diagnosis is emended. Delapparentia turolensis is a large-sized, basal iguanodont which presents an autapomorphic, unusually high axial neural spine and a unique combination of postcranial characters. The ilium morphology differs from that of other basal iguanodonts and relates Delapparentia to the Valanginian Barilium dawsoni from England, with whom it shares two synapomorphies. In our phylogenetic analysis Delapparentia is recovered in a polytomy with Kukufeldia, Lanzhousaurus, Barilium and the clade equivalent to Iguanodontoidea. Delapparentia turolensis Ruiz-Omeñaca, 2011 es el único taxón iguanodonte definido en el Barremiense de España. Está descrito a partir de un esqueleto postcraneal parcial descubierto en la década de 1950 próximo al pueblo de Galve (provincia de Teruel), dentro de la Formación Camarillas. Recientemente, se han recuperado nuevos restos del mismo individuo que se describen aquí. Además, tras examinar de primera mano el holotipo, se ha analizado la posición filogenética de este taxón por primera vez además de enmendar su diagnosis. Delapparentia turolensis es un iguanodonte basal de gran tamaño, que presenta una espina neural axial autapomórfica, al ser inusualmente alta, y una combinación única de caracteres postcraneales. La forma del ilion es diferente de la de otros iguanodontes basales y relaciona a Delapparentia con Barilium dawsoni del Valanginiense de Inglaterra, al compartir de forma exclusiva dos sinapomorfías. En nuestro análisis filogenético Delapparentia se sitúa en una politomía con Kukufeldia, Lanzhousaurus, Barilium y el clado equivalente a Iguanodontoide

New material and phylogenetic position of the basal iguanodont dinosaur Delapparentia turolensis from the Barremian (Early Cretaceous) of Spain

Delapparentia turolensis Ruiz-Omeñaca, 2011 is the only iguanodont taxon erected in the Barremian of Spain. It is described on the basis of a partial postcranial skeleton discovered in the 1950s near the village of Galve (Teruel Province), within the Camarillas Formation. Recently, new remains from the same individual have been recovered, and these are described here. Furthermore, after first-hand examinations of the holotype, the phylogenetic position of this taxon has been analysed for the first time, and its diagnosis is emended. Delapparentia turolensis is a large-sized, basal iguanodont which presents an autapomorphic, unusually high axial neural spine and a unique combination of postcranial characters. The ilium morphology differs from that of other basal iguanodonts and relates Delapparentia to the Valanginian Barilium dawsoni from England, with whom it shares two synapomorphies. In our phylogenetic analysis Delapparentia is recovered in a polytomy with Kukufeldia, Lanzhousaurus, Barilium and the clade equivalent to Iguanodontoidea.Delapparentia turolensis Ruiz-Omeñaca, 2011 es el único taxón iguanodonte definido en el Barremiense de España. Está descrito a partir de un esqueleto postcraneal parcial descubierto en la década de 1950 próximo al pueblo de Galve (provincia de Teruel), dentro de la Formación Camarillas. Recientemente, se han recuperado nuevos restos del mismo individuo que se describen aquí. Además, tras examinar de primera mano el holotipo, se ha analizado la posición filogenética de este taxón por primera vez además de enmendar su diagnosis. Delapparentia turolensis es un iguanodonte basal de gran tamaño, que presenta una espina neural axial autapomórfica, al ser inusualmente alta, y una combinación única de caracteres postcraneales. La forma del ilion es diferente de la de otros iguanodontes basales y relaciona a Delapparentia con Barilium dawsoni del Valanginiense de Inglaterra, al compartir de forma exclusiva dos sinapomorfías. En nuestro análisis filogenético Delapparentia se sitúa en una politomía con Kukufeldia, Lanzhousaurus, Barilium y el clado equivalente a Iguanodontoidea

Understanding and representation of organizational training programs and their evaluation

[EN] The evaluation of the organizational training is a necessary strategy to guarantee the quality of the training activities in organizations. This research had as an initial objective the development of the first phase of a project funded by the EIT Raw Materials in the “Call for KAVA Education projects”. It officially started on January 2019. The main aim of this research was to define a training program for workers of a specific industrial sector and to evaluate the impact of the skill acquisition of workers through the training program. This paper presents the initial part of the project, the authors were part of the team at that stage. This phase was helpful to obtain the resulting conceptual model from the analysis of the variables involved in an effective learning process. The research tool used for variable identification were three Group Model Building (GMB) sessions with the partners of the project. 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Large-scale Performance-Driven Training Needs Assessment. Public Personnel Management, 29(2), 249-67. https://doi.org/10.1177/009102600002900207Hoppenbrouwers, S., Rouwette, E. (2012). A dialogue game for analysing group model building: framing collaborative modelling and its facilitation. International Journal of Organisational Design and Engineering, 2(1), 19-40. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJODE.2012.045905Kaufman, R., Keller, J.M. (1994). Levels of Evaluation: Beyond Kirkpatrick. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 5(4), 371-80. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.3920050408Kenney, J., Donnelly, P. (1976). Manpower Training and Development. Londres: Harrap.Kirkpatrick, D. (1997). Revisando las Grandes Ideas. Training & Development Digest, September: 28-36.Kirkpatrick, J.D., Kirkpatrick, W.K. (2016). Kirkpatrick's four levels of training evaluation. Association for Talent Development.Kraiger, K., Ford, J.K., Salas, E. (1993). 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Human Resource Development Quarterly, 11(3), 269-282. https://doi.org/10.1002/1532-1096(200023)11:3%3C269::AID-HRDQ5%3E3.0.CO;2-6Spitzer, D.R. (1999). Embracing evaluation. Training, 36(6), 42-47.Swanson, R.A. (2005). Evaluation, a state of mind. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 7(1), 16-21. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422304272078Tannenbaum, S.I., Woods, S.B. (1992). Determining a Strategy for Evaluating Training: Operating within Organizational Constraints. Human Resource Planning, 15(2), 63-82.Wang, G.G., Wilcox, D. (2006). Training evaluation: knowing more than is practiced. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 8(4), 528-539. https://doi.org/10.1177/152342230629300