An exact fluid model for relativistic electron beams: The many moments case

An interesting and satisfactory fluid model has been proposed in literature for the the description of relativistic electron beams. It was obtained with 14 independent variables by imposing the entropy principle and the relativity principle. Here the case is considered with an arbitrary number of independent variables, still satisfying the above mentioned two principles; these lead to conditions whose general solution is here found. We think that the results satisfy also a certain ordering with respect to a smallness parameter $\epsilon$ measuring the dispersion of the velocity about the mean; this ordering generalizes that appearing in literature for the 14 moments case

Black hole solutions to the F4F_4-model and their orbits (I)

In this paper we continue the program of the classification of nilpotent orbits using the approach developed in arXiv:1107.5986, within the study of black hole solutions in D=4 supergravities. Our goal in this work is to classify static, single center black hole solutions to a specific N=2 four dimensional "magic" model, with special K\"ahler scalar manifold ${\rm Sp}(6,\mathbb{R})/{\rm U}(3)$, as orbits of geodesics on the pseudo-quaternionic manifold ${\rm F}_{4(4)}/[{\rm SL}(2,\mathbb{R})\times {\rm Sp}(6,\mathbb{R})]$ with respect to the action of the isometry group ${\rm F}_{4(4)}$. Our analysis amounts to the classification of the orbits of the geodesic "velocity" vector with respect to the isotropy group $H^*={\rm SL}(2,\mathbb{R})\times {\rm Sp}(6,\mathbb{R})$, which include a thorough classification of the \emph{nilpotent orbits} associated with extremal solutions and reveals a richer structure than the one predicted by the $\beta-\gamma$ labels alone, based on the Kostant Sekiguchi approach. We provide a general proof of the conjecture made in arXiv:0908.1742 which states that regular single center solutions belong to orbits with coinciding $\beta-\gamma$ labels. We also prove that the reverse is not true by finding distinct orbits with the same $\beta-\gamma$ labels, which are distinguished by suitably devised tensor classifiers. Only one of these is generated by regular solutions. Since regular static solutions only occur with nilpotent degree not exceeding 3, we only discuss representatives of these orbits in terms of black hole solutions. We prove that these representatives can be found in the form of a purely dilatonic four-charge solution (the generating solution in D=3) and this allows us to identify the orbit corresponding to the regular four-dimensional metrics.Comment: 81 pages, 24 tables, new section 4.4 about the fake superpotential added, typos corrected, references added, accepted in Nuclear Physics B.

Forgetfulness of continuous Markovian quantum channels

The notion of forgetfulness, used in discrete quantum memory channels, is slightly weakened in order to be applied to the case of continuous channels. This is done in the context of quantum memory channels with Markovian noise. As a case study, we apply the notion of weak-forgetfulness to a bosonic memory channel with additive noise. A suitable encoding and decoding unitary transformation allows us to unravel the effects of the memory, hence the channel capacities can be computed using known results from the memoryless setting.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, comments are welcome. Minor corrections and acknoledgment adde

The impact on psychiatric rehabilitation of personal recovery-oriented approach

ObjectivesPsychiatric rehabilitation focuses on the main disabling consequence of mental disorder and has the ultimate aim of helping the person to heal, meant as to control the symptoms, to remove the interpersonal and environmental barriers caused from disability, to recover the abilities to live independently, to socialize, and to effectively manage daily life and accept one-self limits. In recent years, rehabilitation services have been closely associated with the 'recovery' approach. Thus, the purpose of this article is to highlight the contribution in psychiatric rehabilitation of a virtuouse contamination with a recovery-oriented framework.MethodsIn this narrative review paper, we focus on a review of conceptual papers and empirical studies that proposed new methods or concepts or engendered important debate in the field of psychiatric rehabilitation. We used three online databases: PubMed, GoogleScholar, SCOPUS, and the following keywords: 'mental health rehabilitation' or 'psychiatric rehabilitation', 'mental health recovery' and 'mental health recovery-oriented practices' or 'mental health recovery-oriented interventions'.ResultsSince its development, psychiatric rehabilitation has undergone continuous evolutions in vision, mission, and principles. Born in the mid-eighteenth century, during the moral treatment era, and developed after the deinstitutionalization in the 1960s and 1970s, in the beginning, the task of the psychiatric rehabilitation was considered completed with the discharged of thousands of chronic patients from hospitals. It was soon clear that, for the discharget patients, there were not enough interventions, therapeutic programs or opportunities to spend time and socialize. In the 80s and 90s, the effort of traditional rehabilitation to achieve the goal to prevent or reduce social disadvantages and functional limitations and increase role performances was insufficiently achieved with a predominance of non-specific interventions. Later, non specific psychiatric rehabilitation interventions were reduced, and recovery values and principles were embodied in their vision. The concept that individuals with a psychiatric disability can live as normally as possible in society became an important goal of treatment. Nowadays, evidence shows that recovery-oriented approach and recovery-oriented interventions have positive health and social outcomes in people with severe mental illness.ConclusionsThe overall review of the interplay between rehabilitation and recovery-oriented practices highlights that the mission now is to further implement patients and their caregivers' engagement to collaborate in a treatment process that favors empowerment and provides support to disease management, psychosocial functioning, and personal satisfaction. However, recovery-oriented rehabilitation practices are still a matter of further development, and the concrete declination of these principles into everyday life seems to be still inhomogeneous and conditioned by local factors

Movement Matters! Understanding the Developmental Trajectory of Embodied Planning

Human motor skills are exceptional compared to other species, no less than their cognitive skills. In this perspective paper, we suggest that “movement matters!,” implying that motor development is a crucial driving force of cognitive development, much more impactful than previously acknowledged. Thus, we argue that to fully understand and explain developmental changes, it is necessary to consider the interaction of motor and cognitive skills. We exemplify this argument by introducing the concept of “embodied planning,” which takes an embodied cognition perspective on planning development throughout childhood. From this integrated, comprehensive framework, we present a novel climbing paradigm as the ideal testbed to explore the development of embodied planning in childhood and across the lifespan. Finally, we outline future research directions and discuss practical applications of the work on developmental embodied planning for robotics, sports, and education

An overview of mental health recovery-oriented practices: potentiality, challenges, prejudices, and misunderstandings

ObjectivesThe implementation of recovery-oriented practices in the daily activities of mental health organizations is nowadays a challenge internationally. However, there is a lack of studies on the methodology of these practices and on the challenges faced by organizations in implementing them. The purpose of this paper is to report the state-of-the-art of recovery-oriented practices in mental health organizations.MethodsThis paper is a narrative literature review of relevant articles and prior works that have been central to the topic including the history of recovery-oriented practices, recovery-oriented interventions, advantages, and obstacles in implementing recovery-oriented practices in mental health organizations.ResultsProcedures for implementing recovery-oriented practices in mental health organizations and several recovery-oriented interventions have been tested. Despite unsolved challenges, recovery-oriented practices have shown the potential to improve mental health care, with a positive impact on the quality of life, the autonomy of service users and health outcomes.ConclusionsThe implementation of recovery-oriented practices requires a change in the paradigm of care in mental health services that may need to modify traditional priorities, and also for the stakeholders who need to review, redefine and re-evaluate their roles and personal identities. Thus, specific strategies might be adopted to reduce the fear of innovations and increase the awareness of advantages

First principles theory of fluctuations in vortex liquids and solids

Consistent perturbation theory for thermodynamical quantities in type II superconductors in magnetic field at low temperatures is developed. It is complementary to the existing expansion valid at high temperatures. Magnetization and specific heat are calculated to two loop order and compare well to existing Monte Carlo simulations and experiments.Comment: 3 .ps fig. In press Phys. Rev.

Pre-implantation mouse embryos cultured In vitro under different oxygen concentrations show altered ultrastructures

Abstract Assisted Reproductive Technologies routinely utilize different culture media and oxygen (O2) concentrations to culture human embryos. Overall, embryos cultured under physiological O2 tension (5%) have improved development compared to embryos cultured under atmospheric O2 conditions (20%). The mechanisms responsible for this remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physiologic (5%) or atmospheric O2 (20%) tension on the microscopic ultrastructure of pre-implantation mouse embryos using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Embryos flushed out of the uterus after natural mating were used as the control. For use as the control, 2-cells, 4-cells, morulae, and blastocysts were flushed out of the uterus after natural fertilization. In vitro fertilization (IVF) was performed using potassium simplex optimized medium (KSOM) under different O2 tensions (5% and 20%) until the blastocyst stage. After collection, embryos were subjected to the standard preparative for light microscopy (LM) and TEM. We found that culture in vitro under 5% and 20% O2 results in an increase of vacuolated shaped mitochondria, cytoplasmic vacuolization and presence of multi-vesicular bodies at every embryonic stage. In addition, blastocysts generated by IVF under 5% and 20% O2 showed a lower content of heterochromatin, an interruption of the trophectodermal and inner cell mass cell membranes, an increased density of residual bodies, and high levels of glycogen granules in the cytoplasm. In conclusion, this study suggests that in vitro culture, particularly under atmospheric O2 tension, causes stage-specific changes in preimplantation embryo ultrastructure. In addition, atmospheric (20%) O2 is associated with increased alterations in embryonic ultrastructure; these changes may explain the reduced embryonic development of embryos cultured with 20% O2