315 research outputs found
Intimité, dialogue et santé : Réflexion sur le travail de proximité dans les milieux de socialisation fréquentés par les hommes gais et bisexuels
À partir des pratiques de l’organisme communautaire Action Séro Zéro, cet article propose une réflexion sur le travail de proximité à l’égard d’enjeux reliés à la vie privée. Sont prises en considération des conceptions de la prévention du VIH qui mettent en lumière les risques d’ingérence dans la vie privée. Le contexte des milieux de socialisation fréquentés par les hommes gais et bisexuels est ensuite présenté, ainsi que des exemples du travail de proximité réalisé dans ces milieux. Dans ces exemples d’intervention de proximité, le risque d’outrepasser les limites du respect de la vie privée des individus serait contrebalancé par l’utilisation de méthodes dialogiques et participatives, ainsi que par l’ancrage dans les démarches de démocratisation d’accès dans les services de santé.This article critically reflects on issues related to personal privacy raised by outreach work. It draws on examples of intervention practices used at Action Séro Zéro, a community-based organization. Theoretical conceptions of HIV prevention work are examined with regards to the possibility outreach work of this type leads to an infringement on private life. Social settings popular among gay and bisexual men are then considered alongside examples of outreach work undertaken in these settings. In these examples, the risk that outreach work might fail to respect personal privacy is countered by the dialogical and participative methods used within this work and its grounding in efforts to democratize access to health services
Functionalization of SiC-based materials by a selective YBa2Cu3O7-δ coating via sol–gel route in order to optimize their optical properties
SiC-based materials are good candidates for the application as solar receivers except concerning their optical properties. Indeed, considering the use at high temperature, materials used as solar receivers have to efficiently absorb the visible-near infrared waves (corresponding to solar spectral range) and simultaneously reflect the mid and far-infrared rays but SiC is absorbent in all the whole visible-infrared spectral domain. In this challenging work, a suitable YBa2Cu3O7-δ oxide which can present appropriate optical properties is studied. It was synthesized following a sol–gel route and it was obtained with a high level of purity. YBa2Cu3O7-δ pellets were realized and heat treated at different temperatures revealing that the higher the heat treatment is, the better the oxygen stoichiometry (7-δ) is and the smoothest the surface is. This directly acts on the YBa2Cu3O7-δ optical properties. Considering these results, an YBa2Cu3O7-δ coating was realized on SiC pellets by dip-coating. A homogenous and covering layer of about 10 μm was obtained presenting very promising optical properties which were predominant in the FIR-MIR range whereas absorptance was increased in NIR-visible range
Spectral-phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction applied to seeded extreme-ultraviolet free-electron lasers
We present a setup for complete characterization of femtosecond pulses
generated by seeded free-electron lasers (FEL's) in the extreme-ultraviolet
spectral region. Two delayed and spectrally shifted replicas are produced and
used for spectral phase interferometry for direct electric field reconstruction
(SPIDER). We show that it can be achieved by a simple arrangement of the seed
laser. Temporal shape and phase obtained in FEL simulations are well retrieved
by the SPIDER reconstruction, allowing to foresee the implementation of this
diagnostic on existing and future sources. This will be a significant step
towards an experimental investigation and control of FEL spectral phase
Du jeu des identités à la transformation de réalités partagées : un programme d’ateliers d’expression théâtrale pour adolescents immigrants et réfugiés
La migration Ă l’adolescence est particulièrement dĂ©licate Ă cause du fardeau conjuguĂ© que reprĂ©sente Ă ce stade de la vie l’intĂ©gration des multiples pertes associĂ©es Ă la migration et l’adaptation au statut de jeune adulte. Le programme d’ateliers d’expression théâtrale vise Ă faciliter l’adaptation des adolescents immigrants et rĂ©fugiĂ©s Ă leur nouvel environnement Ă partir d’un travail crĂ©atif autour des enjeux identitaires liĂ©s Ă la migration et Ă un statut de minoritĂ©. Ces ateliers conjuguent une approche inspirĂ©e du théâtre playback qui permet une mise en scène du vĂ©cu personnel et le théâtre forum de Boal qui met l’accent sur la transformation collective de l’expĂ©rience. Les rĂ©sultats d’une Ă©valuation qualitative des ateliers d’expression théâtrale suggèrent que ceux-ci constituent un lieu d’expression ou les participants se sentent en sĂ©curitĂ© et soutenus par l’équipe ainsi que par le caractère rituel du jeu théâtral. Les ateliers permettent de reprĂ©senter la multiplicitĂ© des valeurs et des rĂ©fĂ©rences internes et externes de l’adolescent et de les renĂ©gocier sans dichotomiser le « eux » et le « nous », en s’adressant aux questions de justice sociale qui se posent Ă la collectivitĂ©. Ils favorisent aussi l’élaboration des transitions de l’adolescence en permettant l’évocation des pertes de la migration et le passage vers une identitĂ© hybride.Migration during adolescence represents a challenge for the youth who need to simultaneously work through the multiple losses associated with the migratory journey and adapt to a young adult status. The drama workshop program described here was designed to facilitate the adjustment of newly arrived immigrant teens. The aim of the program is to make it easier for adolescents to adjust to their new environment through creative group work around identity issues. The program also seeks to improve intergroup relations in multiethnic schools. The workshops are inspired both from playback theater and from Boal’s form theater which emphasizes the collective transformation of the singular experience. The qualitative assessment of the program effects on the adolescents suggests that the workshops constitute a safe space of expression, in which the team and the ritual nature of the play hold the participants. The workshops facilitate the representation of the multiplicity of values in the adolescent world and invite them to reconsider the way in which they interact, with their environment, without splitting between “us” and “them,” but rather creating solidarities around issues of social justice. The workshops also address the life transformation associated both with adolescence and migration and help the elaboration of the losses linked to the migratory journey and the construction of a hybrid identity.La migraciĂłn en la adolescencia es particularmente delicada a causa de la carga conjunta que representa en esta etapa de la vida la integraciĂłn de las mĂşltiples pĂ©rdidas asociadas a la migraciĂłn y la adaptaciĂłn a un estatus de joven adulto. El programa de talleres de expresiĂłn teatral busca facilitar la adaptaciĂłn de los adolescentes inmigrantes y refugiados a su nuevo entorno, a partir de un trabajo creativo relacionado con las cuestiones de identidad ligadas a la migraciĂłn y a un estatus de minorĂa. Estos talleres conjugan un enfoque inspirado del teatro playback, que permite una puesta en escena de una experiencia personal, y el teatro forum de Boal, que pone el acento en la transformaciĂłn colectiva de la experiencia. Los resultados de una evaluaciĂłn cualitativa de los talleres de expresiĂłn teatral sugieren que Ă©stos constituyen un lugar de expresiĂłn en el que los participantes se sienten seguros y apoyados por el equipo, asĂ como por el carácter ritual de la representaciĂłn teatral. Los talleres permiten representar la multiplicidad de los valores y referencias internas y externas del adolescente, y renegociarlos sin crear una dicotomĂa entre el “ellos” y “nosotros” al tratar cuestiones de justicia social que se plantean a la colectividad. Favorecen tambiĂ©n la elaboraciĂłn de las transiciones de la adolescencia al permitir la evocaciĂłn de las pĂ©rdidas de la migraciĂłn y el paso hacia una identidad hĂbrida.A imigração na adolescĂŞncia Ă© especialmente delicada, por causa do fardo conjugado que representa, neste ponto da vida, a integração das mĂşltiplas perdas associadas Ă imigração e Ă adaptação ao estatuto de jovem adulto. O programa de ateliĂŞs de expressĂŁo teatral visa facilitar a adaptação dos adolescentes imigrantes e refugiados ao seu novo ambiente, a partir de um trabalho criativo a respeito das preocupações identitárias relacionadas Ă imigração e a um estatuto de minoria. Estes ateliĂŞs conjugam uma abordagem inspirada no teatro playback, que permite uma representação da vivĂŞncia pessoal, e no teatro fĂłrum de Boal, que ressalta a transformação coletiva da experiĂŞncia. Os resultados de uma avaliação qualitativa dos ateliĂŞs de expressĂŁo teatral sugerem que estes continuam sendo um lugar de expressĂŁo onde os participantes sentem-se em segurança e apoiados pela equipe e pelo caráter ritual da representação teatral. Os ateliĂŞs permitem representar a multiplicidade dos valores e das referĂŞncias internas e externas do adolescente e renegociá-los sem dicotomizar o “eles” e o “nĂłs”, falando sobre questões de justiça social que sĂŁo colocadas Ă coletividade. Os ateliĂŞs favorecem tambĂ©m a elaboração das transições da adolescĂŞncia permitindo a evocação das perdas da imigração e a passagem para uma identidade hĂbrida
Interactive segmentation based on component-trees
International audienceComponent-trees associate to a discrete grey-level image a descriptive data structure induced by the inclusion relation between the binary components obtained at successive level-sets. This article presents an original interactive segmen- tation methodology based on component-trees. It consists of the extraction of a subset of the image component-tree, enabling the generation of a binary object which fits at best (with respect to the grey-level structure of the image) a given binary target selected beforehand in the image. A proof of the algorithmic efficiency of this methodological scheme is proposed. Concrete application examples on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data emphasise its actual computational efficiency and its usefulness for interactive segmentation of real images
Experimental Approach of Quadriceps Strength Measurement: Implications for Assessments in Critically Ill Survivors.
(1) Background: The supine testing position is suitable for early quadriceps strength (QS) assessment in intensive care unit, while a seated position is more appropriate for survivors who have regained mobility. Acquiring consistent measurements is essential for longitudinal follow-up. We compared the QS generated in different settings in healthy volunteers. (2) Methods: Isometric QS was assessed using a MicroFet2 and standardised protocols comparing different modalities. Hip and knee flexion angles were, respectively, 45° and 40° (H45-K40) in the supine position, and both at 90° (H90-K90) in the seated position. Dynamometer was either handheld (non-fixed configuration, NFC), or fixed (FC) in a cubicle. (3) Results: QS in H90–K90 and H45-K40 positions were strongly correlated, but QS was higher in the later position regardless of the configuration. Compared to H45-K40, biases of 108.2N (or 28.05%) and 110.3N (27.13%) were observed in H90-K90 position, respectively, in the NFC and FC. These biases were independently and positively associated with QS (p < 0.001). For both position, there were no significant differences between QS measured in NFC or FC. (4) Conclusions: The quadriceps was less efficient in the seated position, compared to the supine position, in healthy volunteers. These findings have practical implications for further assessments and research in critically ill patients
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