Intra-group diffuse light in compact groups of galaxies. HCG 79, HCG 88 and HCG 95

Deep $B$ and $R$ images of three Hickson Compact Groups, HCG 79, HCG 88 and HCG 95, were analyzed using a new wavelet technic to measure possible intra-group diffuse light present in these systems. The method used, OV\_WAV, is a wavelet technic particularly suitable to detect low-surface brightness extended structures, down to a $S/N = 0.1$ per pixel, which corresponds to a 5-$\sigma$-detection level in wavelet space. The three groups studied are in different evolutionary stages, as can be judged by their very different fractions of the total light contained in their intra-group halos: $46\pm11$% for HCG 79 and $11\pm26$% for HCG 95, in the $B$ band, and HCG 88 had no component detected down to a limiting surface brightness of $29.1 B mag arcsec^{-2}$. For HCG 95 the intra-group light is red, similar to the mean colors of the group galaxies themselves, suggesting that it is formed by an old population with no significant on-going star formation. For HCG 79, however, the intra-group material has significantly bluer color than the mean color of the group galaxies, suggesting that the diffuse light may, at least in part, come from stripping of dwarf galaxies which dissolved into the group potential well.Comment: Two suggested references added to the introductio

The silicon stable isotope distribution along the GEOVIDE section (GEOTRACES GA-01) of the North Atlantic Ocean

The stable isotope composition of dissolved silicon in seawater (δ30SiDSi) was examined at 10 stations along the GEOVIDE section (GEOTRACES GA-01), spanning the North Atlantic Ocean (40–60∘ N) and Labrador Sea. Variations in δ30SiDSi below 500 m were closely tied to the distribution of water masses. Higher δ30SiDSi values are associated with intermediate and deep water masses of northern Atlantic or Arctic Ocean origin, whilst lower δ30SiDSi values are associated with DSi-rich waters sourced ultimately from the Southern Ocean. Correspondingly, the lowest δ30SiDSi values were observed in the deep and abyssal eastern North Atlantic, where dense southern-sourced waters dominate. The extent to which the spreading of water masses influences the δ30SiDSi distribution is marked clearly by Labrador Sea Water (LSW), whose high δ30SiDSi signature is visible not only within its region of formation within the Labrador and Irminger seas, but also throughout the mid-depth western and eastern North Atlantic Ocean. Both δ30SiDSi and hydrographic parameters document the circulation of LSW into the eastern North Atlantic, where it overlies southern-sourced Lower Deep Water. The GEOVIDE δ30SiDSi distribution thus provides a clear view of the direct interaction between subpolar/polar water masses of northern and southern origin, and allow examination of the extent to which these far-field signals influence the local δ30SiDSi distribution

Monte Carlo Simulations of Some Dynamical Aspects of Drop Formation

In this work we present some results from computer simulations of dynamical aspects of drop formation in a leaky faucet. Our results, which agree very well with the experiments, suggest that only a few elements, at the microscopic level, would be necessary to describe the most important features of the system. We were able to set all parameters of the model in terms of real ones. This is an additional advantage with respect to previous theoretical works.Comment: 7 pages (Latex), 6 figures (PS) Accepted to publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys. C Source Codes at http://www.if.uff.br/~arlim

Efeito de retardadores de crescimento no tamanho dos ramos da cultivar de videira festival.

Com o bjetivo de controlar o crescimento dos ramos da cultivar Festival, como resposta ao uso dos retardadores de crescimento Chlormequat e Paclobutrazol 25%, realizou-se um experimento em condições de campo em Petrolina-P

Yield stability of soybean lines using addtive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis - AMMI.

The grain yield of 27 soybean lines was evaluated at three locations (Anhembi, Areão and Esalq) in Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil, during four crop years to study the effect of environment (E) on the adaptability and stability of the lines (G) using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis (AMMI). Effects of the G, E, and GE interaction were found to be significant and accounted for 51, 12, and 36% of the variation, respectively. The first and only significant interaction principal component axis (IPCA1) accounted for 26% of the sum of squares due to original GE interaction. This concentrated the largest proportion of the pattern of GE interaction. Environments associated with Anhembi and Esalq proved more favorable, while Areão contributed negatively to the grain yield. However, Anhembi and Areão were more predictable for the crop years. USP 93-5082 and USP 93-5243 lines combined high adaptability and stability

Magnitude da interação genótipos X ambientes para o caráter teor de óleo em linhagens de soja.

RESUMO: Com o objetivo de se estimar a interação genótipos x ambientes sobre o teor de óleo, avaliaram-se 28 linhagens de soja em três locais do município de Piracicaba (Anhembi, Areão e ESALQ), SP, com altitude de 540 m, 22 o 45' de latitude sul e 47 o 38' de longitude oeste, nos anos agrícolas de 1996/97, 1997/98, 1998/99 e 1999/00, totalizando 12 ambientes. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos completos casualisados com duas repetições, estratificadas em conjuntos experimentais com quatro testemunhas comuns. A parcela experimental correspondeu a quatro fileiras de 5,0 x 0,5 m, avaliando-se os 4 m centrais das duas fileiras intermediárias de cada parcela. Pelos resultados obtidos pode-se evidenciar significância para os efeitos de genótipos, ambientes e interação genótipos x ambientes. A interação locais x anos contribuiu mais que os efeitos isolados de locais e anos para a variação ambiental, enquanto a interação genótipos x anos foi responsável pela maior parte da interação genótipos x ambientes. Destacaram-se as linhagens USPs 93-1188, 93-1024, 93-1042, 93-1043, 93-1044, 93-1012, 94-1195 e 94-1203, com teores de óleo acima de 22%. Na seleção de linhagens para estabilidade e adaptabilidade do teor de óleo no município de Piracicaba, SP, deve-se considerar os testes realizados em mais de um ano, com o propósito de amenizar os efeitos da interação genótipos x ambientes e obter maior garantia na recomendação de cultivares. Termos para indexação: comportamento genotípico, Glycine max, resposta ambiental, variação fenotípica. ABSTRACT: With the objective of estimating the magnitude of the genotype x environment interaction on the oil content, twenty eight soybean lines were evaluated in three location (Anhembi, Areão and Esalq) of Piracicaba, state of São Paulo, Brazil, at 540 m of altitude, 22 o 45' South latitude, and 47 o 38' West longitude, during the agricultural years of 1996/ 97, 1997/98, 1998/99 and 1999/00, totalizing 12 environments. A randomized complete block experiment was designed, with two replications stratified in experimental sets with four common checks. The experimental plot corresponded to four rows 5,0 x 0,5 m, where the four central meters of the two intermediate rows were evaluated. The results evidenced that significative effects were detected for genotypes, environments and genotype x environment interaction. The locations x years interaction contributed more than the effects isolated of locations and years for the environmental variation, while the genotypes x years was responsible for most of the genotype x environment interaction. USP 93-1188, 93-1024, 93-1042, 93-1043, 93-1044, 93-1012, 94-1195 and 94-1203 presented superiority, with oil percentage above 22%. In the selection of lines for stability and adaptability of the oil content in Piracicaba, SP, trials conducted in more than one year should be considered, with the purpose to decrease the effects of the genotype x environment interaction and obtain larger reliability in the recommendation of cultivars. Index terms: genotypic behavior, Glycine max, environmental response, phenotypic variation

Análise de viabilidade econômica de sistemas agroflorestais em produtores familiares no município de Marapanim, PA.

Na Amazônia, a busca por uma agricultura sustentável, fundamentada em tecnologias não agressivas ao meio ambiente, tem apontado o desenvolvimento dos Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAFs) como uma alternativa viável pela combinação de árvores, culturas e animais em um conceito de imitação dos ecossistemas naturais. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade econômica de SAFs implantados em área de agricultores familiares no município de Marapanim, Pará. As informações socioeconômicas dos produtores e dos sistemas foram levantadas através de questionário de perguntas abertas e fechadas. A análise da viabilidade econômica foi determinada pelos indicadores econômicos: Taxa interna de retorno (TIR), Valor presente líquido (VPL), ?Payback? atualizado e Relação benefício/custo (B/C). A taxa anual de juros utilizada foi de 4%. A viabilidade dos SAFs foi analisada para a situação de 10 anos e na estimativa futura de 20 anos após sua implantação. Todos os SAFs apresentam VPL positivo, relação B/C maiores que 1 (um) e TIR maiores que a taxa utilizada como base (4%), indicando a viabilidade dos SAFs. O ?Payback? ficou na média de 8 anos, expondo que o retorno de fato dos custos poderão vir dentro desse período

Comportamento produtivo de genótipos de soja no Município de Piracicaba, São Paulo.

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