53,047 research outputs found
A SAM Based Global CGE Model using GTAP Data January 2005
This paper provides a technical description of a global computable general equilibrium (CGE) model that is calibrated from a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) representation of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database. A distinctive feature of the model is the treatment of nominal and real exchange rates and hence the specification of multiple numéraire
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The Human Brain: A Multimedia Tutorial For The Independent Learner
The Human Brain is a multimedia, interactive, computer-based tutorial on the structure and function of the human nervous system. In creating it, we aim to solve a number of problems, both subject specific and general. As a subject, the structure and function of the nervous system is difficult to teach using traditional methods and there is a lack of integration in the teaching of structure and function. More generally, we are concerned with the difficulties of both assessing student understanding of a particular subject and remedying any deficiencies when the student is learning independently. Finally, we hope to resolve the conflict between linear and explorative modes of presentation of material in a teaching system
A review of quasi-coherent structures in a numerically simulated turbulent boundary layer
Preliminary results of a comprehensive study of the structural aspects of a numerically simulated number turbulent boundary layer are presented. A direct Navier-Stokes simulation of a flat-plate, zero pressure gradient boundary layer at Re0 = 670 was used. Most of the known nonrandom, coherent features of turbulent boundary layers are confirmed in the simulation, and several new aspects of their spatial character are reported. The spatial relationships between many of the various structures are described, forming the basis for a more complete kinematical picture of boundary layer physics than has been previously known. In particular, the importance of vortex structures of various forms to the generation of Reynolds shear stress is investigated
Relationship between Hawking Radiation and Gravitational Anomalies
We show that in order to avoid a breakdown of general covariance at the
quantum level the total flux in each outgoing partial wave of a quantum field
in a black hole background must be equal to that of a (1+1)-dimensional
blackbody at the Hawking temperature.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure; v2: typo corrected, reference added; v3: comment
added, minor editorial changes to agree with published versio
An exploration of the attitudes and perceptions of the UK public towards self-care for minor ailments
Aims and objectives: The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the attitudes and perceptions of members of the UK public towards self-care for minor ailments.
Background: With an ageing and increasing population, and a National Health Service in extremis with plummeting performance indicators and the huge disparity between available funding and costs of treatments, methods to reduce demand upon health services are key. Increasing the use of self-care for minor ailments is one way in which this pressure could be alleviated.
Design + Method: This study utilised qualitative methods including semi-structured telephone interviews. This data was then valuated, and key themes are drawn out of the data using thematic analysis.
Findings: The results showed that the public are aware of the notion of self-care, and some are engaging with it. However, for a number of reasons, patients are still likely to want a face to face appointment despite the use of internet and telephone advice services.
Conclusion: The study highlighted that there are multifactorial aspects impacting upon a patient’s likelihood to engage in self-care when faced with a minor illness. The results are not generalisable to every member of the UK public, but interesting questions are raised with regards to the usefulness of current public health messages being portrayed across various media when there appears to be a lack of desire from the public to use some recommended services
The 2D analogue of the Reissner-Nordstrom solution
A two-dimensional (2D) dilaton gravity model, whose static solutions have the
same features of the Reissner-Nordstrom solutions, is obtained from the
dimensional reduction of a four-dimensional (4D) string effective action
invariant under S-duality transformations. The black hole solutions of the 2D
model and their relationship with those of the 4D theory are discussed.Comment: 5 pages, Plain-Tex, no figure
Energetics of intrinsic point defects in ZrSiO
Using first principles calculations we have studied the formation energies,
electron and hole affinities, and electronic levels of intrinsic point defects
in zircon. The atomic structures of charged interstitials, vacancies, Frenkel
pairs and anti-site defects are obtained. The limit of high concentration of
point defects, relevant for the use of this material in nuclear waste
immobilization, was studied with a variable lattice relaxation that can
simulate the swelling induced by radiation damage. The limit of low
concentration of defects is simulated with larger cells and fixed lattice
parameters. Using known band offset values at the interface of zircon with
silicon, we analyze the foreseeable effect of the defects on the electronic
properties of zircon used as gate in metal-oxide-semiconductor devices.Comment: preprint 16 pages, 4 figures, and 5 table
The star-formation history of the universe - an infrared perspective
A simple and versatile parameterized approach to the star formation history
allows a quantitative investigation of the constraints from far infrared and
submillimetre counts and background intensity measurements.
The models include four spectral components: infrared cirrus (emission from
interstellar dust), an M82-like starburst, an Arp220-like starburst and an AGN
dust torus. The 60 m luminosity function is determined for each chosen
rate of evolution using the PSCz redshift data for 15000 galaxies. The
proportions of each spectral type as a function of 60 m luminosity are
chosen for consistency with IRAS and SCUBA colour-luminosity relations, and
with the fraction of AGN as a function of luminosity found in 12 m
samples. The luminosity function for each component at any wavelength can then
be calculated from the assumed spectral energy distributions. With assumptions
about the optical seds corresponding to each component and, for the AGN
component, the optical and near infrared counts can be accurately modelled.
A good fit to the observed counts at 0.44, 2.2, 15, 60, 90, 175 and 850
m can be found with pure luminosity evolution in all 3 cosmological models
investigated: = 1, = 0.3 ( = 0), and
= 0.3, = 0.7.
All 3 models also give an acceptable fit to the integrated background
spectrum. Selected predictions of the models, for example redshift
distributions for each component at selected wavelengths and fluxes, are shown.
The total mass-density of stars generated is consistent with that observed,
in all 3 cosmological models.Comment: 20 pages, 25 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Full details
of models can be found at http://astro.ic.ac.uk/~mrr/countmodel
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