559 research outputs found
Total reaction cross sections for neutron-nucleus scattering
Neutron total reaction cross sections at 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, and 75 MeV from
nuclei 12C, 28Si, 56Fe, 90Zr, and 208Pb have been measured and are compared
with (microscopic) optical model predictions. The optical potentials were
obtained in coordinate space by full folding effective nucleon-nucleon
interactions with realistic nuclear ground state density matrices. Good to
excellent agreement is found.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX
Degeneracies when T=0 Two Body Matrix Elements are Set Equal to Zero and Regge's 6j Symmetry Relations
The effects of setting all T=0 two body interaction matrix elements equal to
a constant (or zero) in shell model calculations (designated as ) are
investigated. Despite the apparent severity of such a procedure, one gets
fairly reasonable spectra. We find that using in single j shell
calculations degeneracies appear e.g. the and
states in Sc are at the same excitation energies; likewise the
I=,,9 and 10 states in Ti. The
above degeneracies involve the vanishing of certain 6j and 9j symbols. The
symmetry relations of Regge are used to explain why these vanishings are not
accidental. Thus for these states the actual deviation from degeneracy are good
indicators of the effects of the T=0 matrix elements. A further indicator of
the effects of the T=0 interaction in an even - even nucleus is to compare the
energies of states with odd angular momentum with those that are even
Full shell model calculation of the binding energies of the nuclei
Binding energies and other global properties of nuclei in the middle of the
shell, such as M1, E2 and Gamow-Teller sum rules, have been obtained using
a new Shell Model code (NATHAN) written in quasi-spin formalism and using a
-coupled basis. An extensive comparison is made with the recently
available Shell Model Monte Carlo results using the effective interaction KB3.
The binding energies for -nearly- all the nuclei are compared with
the measured (and extrapolated) results.Comment: 7 page
The Wisconsin-IIASA Set of Energy/Environment (WISE) Models for Regional Planning and Management: An Overview
This report presents an overview of the analytical framework and quantitative methods used in the IIASA case studies on Regional Energy/Environment Management and Planning. Its purpose is to summarize the structure of the models, to provide a complete listing of the sources of more detailed model and data descriptions, and to indicate how the models are integrated to provide a foundation for regional energy/environment policy maker analysis. The audience for the report includes managers, planners, technical advisors, and modelers.
The set of models used in the research project encompasses socioeconomic links to the energy system; energy demand in the residential, industrial, commercial/service, agricultural and transportation sectors; the energy supply sector, environmental impacts associated with the energy system; and policy makers' preferences. The report gives a brief description of the purpose and general structure of each model, data requirements, examples of input and output, and model limitations. As a whole, the models integrate information about energy flows in a region to simulate the energy system and its relationship to other regional variables, e.g., demographic and economic trends and the environment
First order optical potentials and 25 to 40 MeV proton elastic scattering
The differential cross sections and analyzing powers from the elastic
scattering of 25 and 40 MeV protons from many nuclei have been studied.
Analyses have been made using a fully microscopic model of proton-nucleus
scattering seeking to establish a means appropriate for use in analyses of
radioactive beam scattering from hydrogen with ion energies 25A and 40A MeV.Comment: 9 pages, RevTeX, 4 figure
Effective interaction for pf-shell nuclei
An effective interaction is derived for use in the full pf basis. Starting
from a realistic G-matrix interaction, 195 two-body matrix elements and 4
single-particle energies are determined by fitting to 699 energy data in the
mass range 47 to 66. The derived interaction successfully describes various
structures of pf-shell nuclei. As examples, systematics of the energies of the
first 2+ states in the Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, and Ni isotope chains and energy levels
of 56,57,58Ni are presented. The appearance of a new magic number 34 is seen.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
Angle-integrated measurements of the 26Al (d, n)27Si reaction cross section: a probe of spectroscopic factors and astrophysical resonance strengths
Measurements of angle-integrated cross sections to discrete states in 27Si have been performed studying the 26Al (d, n) reaction in inverse kinematics by tagging states by their characteristic -decays using the GRETINA array. Transfer reaction theory has been applied to derive spectroscopic factors for strong single-particle states below the proton threshold, and astrophysical resonances in the 26Al (p,) 27Si reaction. Comparisons are made between predictions of the shell model and known characteristics of the resonances. Overall very good agreement is obtained, indicating this method can be used to make estimates of resonance strengths for key reactions currently largely unconstrained by experiment
Garvey-Kelson Relations for Nuclear Charge Radii
The Garvey-Kelson relations (GKRs) are algebraic expressions originally
developed to predict nuclear masses. In this letter we show that the GKRs
provide a fruitful framework for the prediction of other physical observables
that also display a slowly-varying dynamics. Based on this concept, we extend
the GKRs to the study of nuclear charge radii. The GKRs are tested on 455 out
of the approximately 800 nuclei whose charge radius is experimentally known. We
find a rms deviation between the GK predictions and the experimental values of
only 0.01 fm. This should be contrasted against some of the most successful
microscopic models that yield rms deviations almost three times as large.
Predictions - with reliable uncertainties - are provided for 116 nuclei whose
charge radius is presently unknown.Comment: 4 pages and 3 figure
Microscopic model analyses of proton scattering from 12C, 20Ne, 24Mg, 28Si and 40Ca
Differential cross sections and analyzing powers for elastic scattering from,
and for inelastic proton scattering to a set of states in, C,
Ne, Mg, Si and Ca, and for a set of
energies between 35 to 250 MeV, have been analyzed. A -folding model has
been used to determine optical potentials and a microscopic distorted wave
approximation taken to analyze the inelastic data. The effective
nucleon-nucleon interactions used to specify the optical potentials have also
been used as the transition operators in the inelastic scattering processes.
Shell and large space Hartree-Fock models of structure have been used to
describe the nuclear states.Comment: 27 pages, 18 figure
Study of the nucleon-induced preequilibrium reactions in terms of the Quantum Molecular Dynamics
The preequilibrium (nucleon-in, nucleon-out) angular distributions of
Al, Ni and Zr have been analyzed in the energy region from
90 to 200 MeV in terms of the Quantum Moleculear Dynamics (QMD) theory. First,
we show that the present approach can reproduce the measured (p,xp') and (p,xn)
angular distributions leading to continuous final states without adjusing any
parameters. Second, we show the results of the detailed study of the
preequilibrium reaction processes; the step-wise contribution to the angular
distribution, comparison with the quantum-mechanical Feshbach-Kerman-Koonin
theory, the effects of momentum distribution and surface refraction/reflection
to the quasifree scattering. Finally, the present method was used to assess the
importance of multiple preequilibrium particle emission as a function of
projectile energy up to 1 GeV.Comment: 22pages, Revex is used, 10 Postscript figures are available by
request from [email protected]
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