Tempo de maturação ovocitária, taxa de desenvolvimento e a proporção sexual dos embriões bovinos produzidos in vitro.

bitstream/item/67323/1/Boletim-155-corrigido-pdf.pd

Testing a global standard for quantifying species recovery and assessing conservation impact

Recognizing the imperative to evaluate species recovery and conservation impact, in 2012 the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) called for development of a “Green List of Species” (now the IUCN Green Status of Species). A draft Green Status framework for assessing species’ progress toward recovery, published in 2018, proposed 2 separate but interlinked components: a standardized method (i.e., measurement against benchmarks of species’ viability, functionality, and preimpact distribution) to determine current species recovery status (herein species recovery score) and application of that method to estimate past and potential future impacts of conservation based on 4 metrics (conservation legacy, conservation dependence, conservation gain, and recovery potential). We tested the framework with 181 species representing diverse taxa, life histories, biomes, and IUCN Red List categories (extinction risk). Based on the observed distribution of species’ recovery scores, we propose the following species recovery categories: fully recovered, slightly depleted, moderately depleted, largely depleted, critically depleted, extinct in the wild, and indeterminate. Fifty-nine percent of tested species were considered largely or critically depleted. Although there was a negative relationship between extinction risk and species recovery score, variation was considerable. Some species in lower risk categories were assessed as farther from recovery than those at higher risk. This emphasizes that species recovery is conceptually different from extinction risk and reinforces the utility of the IUCN Green Status of Species to more fully understand species conservation status. Although extinction risk did not predict conservation legacy, conservation dependence, or conservation gain, it was positively correlated with recovery potential. Only 1.7% of tested species were categorized as zero across all 4 of these conservation impact metrics, indicating that conservation has, or will, play a role in improving or maintaining species status for the vast majority of these species. Based on our results, we devised an updated assessment framework that introduces the option of using a dynamic baseline to assess future impacts of conservation over the short term to avoid misleading results which were generated in a small number of cases, and redefines short term as 10 years to better align with conservation planning. These changes are reflected in the IUCN Green Status of Species Standard

Testing a global standard for quantifying species recovery and assessing conservation impact.

Recognizing the imperative to evaluate species recovery and conservation impact, in 2012 the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) called for development of a "Green List of Species" (now the IUCN Green Status of Species). A draft Green Status framework for assessing species' progress toward recovery, published in 2018, proposed 2 separate but interlinked components: a standardized method (i.e., measurement against benchmarks of species' viability, functionality, and preimpact distribution) to determine current species recovery status (herein species recovery score) and application of that method to estimate past and potential future impacts of conservation based on 4 metrics (conservation legacy, conservation dependence, conservation gain, and recovery potential). We tested the framework with 181 species representing diverse taxa, life histories, biomes, and IUCN Red List categories (extinction risk). Based on the observed distribution of species' recovery scores, we propose the following species recovery categories: fully recovered, slightly depleted, moderately depleted, largely depleted, critically depleted, extinct in the wild, and indeterminate. Fifty-nine percent of tested species were considered largely or critically depleted. Although there was a negative relationship between extinction risk and species recovery score, variation was considerable. Some species in lower risk categories were assessed as farther from recovery than those at higher risk. This emphasizes that species recovery is conceptually different from extinction risk and reinforces the utility of the IUCN Green Status of Species to more fully understand species conservation status. Although extinction risk did not predict conservation legacy, conservation dependence, or conservation gain, it was positively correlated with recovery potential. Only 1.7% of tested species were categorized as zero across all 4 of these conservation impact metrics, indicating that conservation has, or will, play a role in improving or maintaining species status for the vast majority of these species. Based on our results, we devised an updated assessment framework that introduces the option of using a dynamic baseline to assess future impacts of conservation over the short term to avoid misleading results which were generated in a small number of cases, and redefines short term as 10 years to better align with conservation planning. These changes are reflected in the IUCN Green Status of Species Standard

Habitação de Interesse Social rural na região metropolitana de Maringá, PR: avaliação pós-ocupação

Este artigo apresenta um estudo do projeto arquitetônico da unidade de habitação do programa Vila Rural (VR), implantado no estado do Paraná entre os anos de 1995 e 2002. O método utilizado foi a avaliação pós-ocupação (APO), e teve como instrumentos: walkthrough, entrevistas, questionário e medições físicas, por meio dos quais foi possível obter informações que dizem respeito à real apropriação que as famílias de moradores rurais fizeram de suas unidades com o passar do tempo, sendo observadas alterações significativas feitas em suas residências. A maioria dos moradores alteraram suas unidades de forma a quase não mais ser possível a identificação do projeto inicial. Os resultados apontam quais ambientes sofreram alterações, como a planta evoluiu em área e a técnica construtiva empregada nessas reformas. A metragem quadrada por morador obteve um grande acréscimo de seu valor. Assim, é possível afirmar que o projeto arquitetônico original e o programa habitacional não atenderam as reais necessidades dos usuários ao não considerarem seu modo de vida e as especificidades da moradia rural

Habitar vertical: avaliação da qualidade espacial e ambiental de edifícios de apartamentos

Frente ao significativo crescimento da produção de edifícios de apartamentos na última década no Brasil, vislumbrou-se a necessidade de se analisar sua qualidade. Assim, este artigo apresenta os principais resultados da pesquisa intitulada “Habitar vertical: avaliação da qualidade espacial e ambiental de edifícios de apartamentos”, que objetivou investigar a qualidade de empreendimentos habitacionais multifamiliares destinados à classe média e lançados pelo mercado imobiliário nas cidades de Uberlândia, MG, e Ribeirão Preto, SP. Essa comunicação aborda a fundamentação teórica da pesquisa e sua metodologia, bem como expõe alguns resultados que enfocam questões relativas à funcionalidade e à qualidade ambiental das habitações – derivados da aplicação de instrumentos de avaliação pós-ocupação (APO) em quatro estudos de caso. Os resultados apontam para o descumprimento de parâmetros básicos de funcionalidade nos edifícios avaliados, em função da redução dimensional dos apartamentos, da excessiva compartimentação dos espaços e da sobreposição de usos não planejada. Indicam também a incipiente incorporação de estratégias de sustentabilidade nos edifícios, além do baixo nível de consciência ambiental dos moradores. Acredita-se que bancos de dados alimentados por APO possam nortear o processo de concepção de produções imobiliárias que visem a uma maior qualidade do ambiente construído

South America: Giant otter Pteronura brasiliensis.

The largest otter was once the most endangered in the mid-1970s when the fur trade decimated its numbers over most of its South Amercian range. The implementation of cites, strong national protection legislation, ans ongoing conservation programs in the range countries allowed the giant otter to make a comeback