7,974 research outputs found
Dynamics of African swine fever virus shedding and excretion in domestic pigs infected by intramuscular inoculation and contact transmission
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly virulent swine pathogen that has spread across Eastern Europe since 2007 and for which there is no effective vaccine or treatment available. The dynamics of shedding and excretion is not well known for this currently circulating ASFV strain. Therefore, susceptible pigs were exposed to pigs intramuscularly infected with the Georgia 2007/1 ASFV strain to measure those dynamics through within- and between-pen transmission scenarios. Blood, oral, nasal and rectal fluid samples were tested for the presence of ASFV by virus titration (VT) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Serum was tested for the presence of ASFV-specific antibodies. Both intramuscular inoculation and contact transmission resulted in development of acute disease in all pigs although the experiments indicated that the pathogenesis of the disease might be different, depending on the route of infection. Infectious ASFV was first isolated in blood among the inoculated pigs by day 3, and then chronologically among the direct and indirect contact pigs, by day 10 and 13, respectively. Close to the onset of clinical signs, higher ASFV titres were found in blood compared with nasal and rectal fluid samples among all pigs. No infectious ASFV was isolated in oral fluid samples although ASFV genome copies were detected. Only one animal developed antibodies starting after 12 days post-inoculation. The results provide quantitative data on shedding and excretion of the Georgia 2007/1 ASFV strain among domestic pigs and suggest a limited potential of this isolate to cause persistent infection
SP-Sephadex equilibrium chromatography of bradykinin and related peptides: Application to trypsin-treated human plasma
An analytical method is deseribed for the separation of bradykinin, Lys-bradykinin, and Met-Lys-bradykinin by equilibrium chromatography on SP-Sephadex C-25 eluted in 0.02 Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.10, 0.12 NaCl. A second elution buffer, 0.02 Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.70, 0.06 NaCl, serves as a second parameter for the identification of bradykinin and also separates the hormone from plasma bradykinin-potentiating peptides. Ten to one-hundred nanomoles of each peptide can be recovered in high yields, identified by elution position, and measured by bioassay with the isolated guinea pig ileum. The identification of bradykinin as the peptide released by trypsin acting on acid-denatured plasma is documented as an illustration of the method
Chromatographic systems for desalting and separating kinins: Application to trypsin-treated human plasma
Dynamics of African swine fever virus shedding and excretion in domestic pigs infected by intramuscular inoculation and contact transmission
Transcription factors involved in prostate gland adaptation to androgen deprivation
FUNDAĂĂO DE AMPARO Ă PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SĂO PAULO - FAPESPCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTĂFICO E TECNOLĂGICO - CNPQAndrogens regulate prostate physiology, and exert their effects through the androgen receptor. We hypothesized that androgen deprivation needs additional transcription factors to orchestrate the changes taking place in the gland after castration and for the adaptation of the epithelial cells to the androgen-deprived environment, ultimately contributing to the origin of castration-resistant prostate cancer. This study was undertaken to identify transcription factors that regulate gene expression after androgen deprivation by castration (Cas). For the sake of comparison, we extended the analysis to the effects of administration of a high dose of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and a combination of both (Cas+ E2). We approached this by (i) identifying gene expression profiles and enrichment terms, and by searching for transcription factors in the derived regulatory pathways; and (ii) by determining the density of putative transcription factor binding sites in the proximal promoter of the 10 most up- or down-regulated genes in each experimental group in comparison to the controls Gapdh and Tbp7. Filtering and validation confirmed the expression and localized EVI1 (Mecom), NFY, ELK1, GATA2, MYBL1, MYBL2, and NFkB family members (NFkB1, NFkB2, REL, RELA and RELB) in the epithelial and/or stromal cells. These transcription factors represent major regulators of epithelial cell survival and immaturity as well as an adaptation of the gland as an immune barrier in the absence of functional stimulation by androgens. Elk1 was expressed in smooth muscle cells and was up-regulated after day 4. Evi1 and Nfy genes are expressed in both epithelium and stroma, but were apparently not affected by androgen deprivation.96113FUNDAĂĂO DE AMPARO Ă PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SĂO PAULO - FAPESPCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTĂFICO E TECNOLĂGICO - CNPQFUNDAĂĂO DE AMPARO Ă PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SĂO PAULO - FAPESPCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTĂFICO E TECNOLĂGICO - CNPQ2009/16150-6Sem informaçã
NeXSPheRIO results on azimuthal anisotropy in Au-Au collisions at 200A GeV
In this work, we present the results obtained by the hydrodynamic code
NeXSPheRIO on anisotropic flows. In our calculation, we made use of
event-by-event fluctuating initial conditions, and chemical freeze-out was
explicitly implemented. We studied directed flow, elliptic flow and forth
harmonic coefficient for various hadrons at different centrality windows for
Au+Au collisions at 200 AGeV. The results are discussed and compared with
experimental data from RHIC.Comment: 6 pages and 6 figures, sqm2008 contributio
Symmetry based determination of space-time functions in nonequilibrium growth processes
We study the space-time correlation and response functions in nonequilibrium
growth processes described by linear stochastic Langevin equations. Exploiting
exclusively the existence of space and time dependent symmetries of the
noiseless part of these equations, we derive expressions for the universal
scaling functions of two-time quantities which are found to agree with the
exact expressions obtained from the stochastic equations of motion. The
usefulness of the space-time functions is illustrated through the investigation
of two atomistic growth models, the Family model and the restricted Family
model, which are shown to belong to a unique universality class in 1+1 and in
2+1 space dimensions. This corrects earlier studies which claimed that in 2+1
dimensions the two models belong to different universality classes.Comment: 18 pages, three figures included, submitted to Phys. Rev.
A mathematical analysis of the evolution of perturbations in a modified Chaplygin gas model
One approach in modern cosmology consists in supposing that dark matter and
dark energy are different manifestations of a single `quartessential' fluid.
Following such idea, this work presents a study of the evolution of
perturbations of density in a flat cosmological model with a modified Chaplygin
gas acting as a single component. Our goal is to obtain properties of the model
which can be used to distinguish it from another cosmological models which have
the same solutions for the general evolution of the scale factor of the
universe, without the construction of the power spectrum. Our analytical
results, which alone can be used to uniquely characterize the specific model
studied in our work, show that the evolution of the density contrast can be
seen, at least in one particular case, as composed by a spheroidal wave
function. We also present a numerical analysis which clearly indicates as one
interesting feature of the model the appearence of peaks in the evolution of
the density constrast.Comment: 21 pages, accepted for publication in General Relativity and
Gravitatio
Phenolic compound profile by UPLC-MS/MS and encapsulation with chitosan of Spondias mombin L. fruit peel extract from Cerrado hotspot-Brazil
8openInternationalInternational coauthor/editorTaperebĂĄ (Spondias mombin L.) is a native species of the Brazilian Cerrado that has shown important characteristics such as a significant phenolic compound content and biological activities. The present study aimed to characterize the phenolic compound profile and antioxidant activity in taperebĂĄ peel extract, as well as microencapsulating the extract with chitosan and evaluating the stability of the microparticles. The evaluation of the profile of phenolic compounds was carried out by UPLC-MS/MS. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS methods. The microparticles were obtained by spray drying and were submitted to a stability study under different temperatures. In general, the results showed a significant content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity. The results of UPLC-MS/MS demonstrated a significant content of polyphenols in taperebĂĄ peel, highlighting the high content of ellagic acid and quercetin compounds. There was significant retention of phenolic compounds when microencapsulated, demonstrating high retention at all evaluated temperatures. This study is the first to microencapsulate the extract of taperebĂĄ peel, in addition to identifying and quantifying some compounds in this fruitopenBrito, Giovanna Oliveira de; Reis, Bruna Cabral; Ferreira, Eduardo A; Vilela Junqueira, Nilton T; SĂĄ-Barreto, LĂvia C L; Mattivi, Fulvio; Vrhovsek, Urska; Gris, Eliana FortesBrito, G.O.D.; Reis, B.C.; Ferreira, E.A.; Vilela Junqueira, N.T.; SĂĄ-Barreto, L.C.L.; Mattivi, F.; Vrhovsek, U.; Gris, E.F
Universality, frustration and conformal invariance in two-dimensional random Ising magnets
We consider long, finite-width strips of Ising spins with randomly
distributed couplings. Frustration is introduced by allowing both ferro- and
antiferromagnetic interactions. Free energy and spin-spin correlation functions
are calculated by transfer-matrix methods. Numerical derivatives and
finite-size scaling concepts allow estimates of the usual critical exponents
, and to be obtained, whenever a second-order
transition is present. Low-temperature ordering persists for suitably small
concentrations of frustrated bonds, with a transition governed by pure--Ising
exponents. Contrary to the unfrustrated case, subdominant terms do not fit a
simple, logarithmic-enhancement form. Our analysis also suggests a vertical
critical line at and below the Nishimori point. Approaching this point along
either the temperature axis or the Nishimori line, one finds non-diverging
specific heats. A percolation-like ratio is found upon analysis of
the uniform susceptibility at the Nishimori point. Our data are also consistent
with frustration inducing a breakdown of the relationship between
correlation-length amplitude and critical exponents, predicted by conformal
invariance for pure systems.Comment: RevTeX code for 10 pages, 9 eps figures, to appear in Physical Review
B (September 1999
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