107 research outputs found

    Far-Ultraviolet and Far-Infrared Bivariate Luminosity Function of Galaxies: Complex Relation between Stellar and Dust Emission

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    Far-ultraviolet (FUV) and far-infrared (FIR) luminosity functions (LFs) of galaxies show a strong evolution from z=0z = 0 to z=1z = 1, but the FIR LF evolves much stronger than the FUV one. The FUV is dominantly radiated from newly formed short-lived OB stars, while the FIR is emitted by dust grains heated by the FUV radiation field. It is known that dust is always associated with star formation activity. Thus, both FUV and FIR are tightly related to the star formation in galaxies, but in a very complicated manner. In order to disentangle the relation between FUV and FIR emissions, we estimate the UV-IR bivariate LF (BLF) of galaxies with {\sl GALEX} and {\sl AKARI} All-Sky Survey datasets. Recently we invented a new mathematical method to construct the BLF with given marginals and prescribed correlation coefficient. This method makes use of a tool from mathematical statistics, so called "copula". The copula enables us to construct a bivariate distribution function from given marginal distributions with prescribed correlation and/or dependence structure. With this new formulation and FUV and FIR univariate LFs, we analyze various FUV and FIR data with {\sl GALEX}, {\sl Spitzer}, and {\sl AKARI} to estimate the UV-IR BLF. The obtained BLFs naturally explain the nonlinear complicated relation between FUV and FIR emission from star-forming galaxies. Though the faint-end of the BLF was not well constrained for high-zz samples, the estimated linear correlation coefficient ρ\rho was found to be very high, and is remarkably stable with redshifts (from 0.95 at z=0z = 0 to 0.85 at z=1.0z = 1.0). This implies the evolution of the UV-IR BLF is mainly due to the different evolution of the univariate LFs, and may not be controlled by the dependence structure.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, Earth, Planets and Space, in pres

    Lepton flavor violation decays τμP1P2\tau^-\to \mu^- P_1 P_2 in the topcolor-assisted technicolor model and the littlest Higgs model with TT parity

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    The new particles predicted by the topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2TC2) model and the littlest Higgs model with T-parity (called LHTLHT model) can induce the lepton flavor violation (LFVLFV) couplings at tree level or one loop level, which might generate large contributions to some LFVLFV processes. Taking into account the constraints of the experimental data on the relevant free parameters, we calculate the branching ratios of the LFVLFV decay processes τμP1P2\tau^-\to\mu^- P_1 P_2 with P1P2P_1 P_2 = π+π\pi^+\pi^-, K+KK^+K^- and K0K0ˉK^0\bar{K^0} in the context of these two kinds of new physics models. We find that the TC2TC2 model and the LHTLHT model can indeed produce significant contributions to some of these LFVLFV decay processes.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figure

    Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer: results and open issues

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    The medical treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has progressively changed since the introduction of “targeted therapy”. The development of one of these molecular drug categories, e. g., the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine-kinase (TK) selective inhibitors, such as the orally active gefitinib and erlotinib, offers an interesting new opportunity. The clinical response rates obtained with their employment in unselected patient populations only account for approximately 10%. Because of this, over the last two years numerous studies have been performed in order to identify the patient subsets that could better benefit from these agents. Not only patient characteristics and clinical-pathological features, such as never-smoking status, female gender, East Asian origin, adenocarcinoma histology, bronchioloalveolar subtype, but also molecular findings, such as somatic mutations in the EGFR gene, emerge as potentially useful prognostic and predictive factors in advanced NSCLC. Further, specifically designed clinical trials are still needed to completely clarify these and other open issues that are reviewed in this paper, in order to clarify all the interesting findings available in the clinical practice

    Correction: “The 5th edition of The World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Lymphoid Neoplasms” Leukemia. 2022 Jul;36(7):1720–1748

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    The Physics of the B Factories

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    Differential interleukin-10 expression in interferon regulatory factor-1 deficient mice during Plasmodium berghei blood-stage infection

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    10.1046/j.1365-3024.2000.00312.xParasite Immunology229425-435PAIM

    On approximate balanced biclustering

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    In this paper, we consider the so-called balanced bi-clustering problem for n entities in a suitable space where the number of entities in each cluster is bounded. A special case of the balanced bi-clustering, where the number of entities in each cluster is fixed, is discussed. We present several algorithms, including deterministic and heuristic to attack these problems. In particular, a novel and efficient heuristic, in which we first reformulate the constrained bi-clustering problem into a quadratic programming(QP) problem and then try to solve it by optimization technique, is proposed. We prove that our approximation algorithm can provide a 2-approximate solution to the original problem. Promising numerical results are reported
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