10 research outputs found
Symmetry in the insulator - quantum Hall - insulator transitions observed in a Ge/SiGe quantum well
We examine the magnetic field driven insulator-quantum Hall-insulator
transitions of the two dimensional hole gas in a Ge/SiGe quantum well. We
observe direct transitions between low and high magnetic field insulators and
the quantum Hall state. With increasing magnetic field, the transitions
from insulating to quantum Hall and quantum Hall to insulating are very similar
with respect to their transport properties. We address the temperature
dependence around the transitions and show that the characteristic energy scale
for the high field transition is larger.Comment: 4 page
Quantifying the levitation picture of extended states in lattice models
The behavior of extended states is quantitatively analyzed for two
dimensional lattice models. A levitation picture is established for both
white-noise and correlated disorder potentials. In a continuum limit window of
the lattice models we find simple quantitative expressions for the extended
states levitation, suggesting an underlying universal behavior. On the other
hand, these results point out that the Quantum Hall phase diagrams may be
disorder dependent.Comment: 5 pages, submitted to PR
Levitation of quantum Hall critical states in a lattice model with spatially correlated disorder
The fate of the current carrying states of a quantum Hall system is
considered in the situation when the disorder strength is increased and the
transition from the quantum Hall liquid to the Hall insulator takes place. We
investigate a two-dimensional lattice model with spatially correlated disorder
potentials and calculate the density of states and the localization length
either by using a recursive Green function method or by direct diagonalization
in connection with the procedure of level statistics. From the knowledge of the
energy and disorder dependence of the localization length and the density of
states (DOS) of the corresponding Landau bands, the movement of the current
carrying states in the disorder--energy and disorder--filling-factor plane can
be traced by tuning the disorder strength.
We show results for all sub-bands, particularly the traces of the Chern and
anti-Chern states as well as the peak positions of the DOS. For small disorder
strength we recover the well known weak levitation of the critical states,
but we also reveal, for larger , the strong levitation of these states
across the Landau gaps without merging. We find the behavior to be similar for
exponentially, Gaussian, and Lorentzian correlated disorder potentials. Our
study resolves the discrepancies of previously published work in demonstrating
the conflicting results to be only special cases of a general lattice model
with spatially correlated disorder potentials.
To test whether the mixing between consecutive Landau bands is the origin of
the observed floating, we truncate the Hilbert space of our model Hamiltonian
and calculate the behavior of the current carrying states under these
restricted conditions.Comment: 10 pages, incl. 13 figures, accepted for publication in PR
Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19
Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2,3,4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease
Quantum transport in low-dimensional semiconductor structures
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