1,220 research outputs found
Effect of pressure and temperature on interfacial tension of poly lactic acid melt in supercritical carbon dioxide
© 2015. This manuscript version of Effect of Pressure and Temperature on Interfacial
Tension of Poly lactic acid melt in supercritical carbon dioxide is made available under the
CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
This document is the accepted manuscript version of a published article. Published by Elsevier in the journal
"Thermochimica Acta" volume 609, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2015.04.005The interfacial tension of poly lactic acid (PLA) melt is measured in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) at the temperature range of 143 °C to 168 °C and CO2 pressures up to 2000 psi, using Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis Profile (ADSA-P). The results show a decrease in interfacial tension with increasing temperature and pressure. However, the interfacial tension dependency on temperature at high pressures decreases because of a reduction in CO2 solubility at high temperatures. The relationship between the interfacial tension and the density-difference of polymer-supercritical CO2 mixtures is also examined by the generalized Macleod equation. Moreover, the range of stability for the melted drop, in interfacial tension measurements, is obtained by dimensionless Bond number. The results indicate the validity of the measurements for Bond number between 0.36 and 0.48.Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC)
Network for Innovative Plastic Materials and Manufacturing Processes (NIPMMP)
Canada Research Chairs (CRC
Partially spin polarized quantum Hall effect in the filling factor range 1/3 < nu < 2/5
The residual interaction between composite fermions (CFs) can express itself
through higher order fractional Hall effect. With the help of diagonalization
in a truncated composite fermion basis of low-energy many-body states, we
predict that quantum Hall effect with partial spin polarization is possible at
several fractions between and . The estimated excitation
gaps are approximately two orders of magnitude smaller than the gap at
, confirming that the inter-CF interaction is extremely weak in higher
CF levels.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Particle dynamics in a class of 2-dimensional gravity theories
We provide a method to determine the motion of a classical massive particle
in a background geometry of 2-dimensional gravity theories, for which the
Birkhoff theorem holds. In particular, we get the particle trajectory in a
continuous class of 2-dimensional dilaton gravity theories that includes the
Callan-Giddings-Harvey-Strominger (CGHS) model, the Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT)
model, and the -dimensional -wave Einstein gravity. The explicit
trajectory expressions for these theories are given along with the discussions
on the results.Comment: 15 pages, LaTeX. The deletion of the repeated portion of the abstract
and the proper line wrapping of the tex file. No other change
Fluctuation-Induced Interactions between Rods on a Membrane
We consider the interaction between two rods embedded in a fluctuating
surface. The modification of fluctuations by the rods leads to an attractive
long-range interaction between them. We consider fluctuations governed by
either surface tension (films) or bending rigidity (membranes). In both cases
the interaction falls off with the separation of the rods as . The
orientational part of the interaction is proportional to in the former case, and to in the latter, where and
are angles between the rods and the line joining them. These
interactions are somewhat reminiscent of dipolar forces and will tend to align
collections of such rods into chains.Comment: REVTEX, 14 pages, with 2 Postscript figure
Simulation of Potts models with real q and no critical slowing down
A Monte Carlo algorithm is proposed to simulate ferromagnetic q-state Potts
model for any real q>0. A single update is a random sequence of disordering and
deterministic moves, one for each link of the lattice. A disordering move
attributes a random value to the link, regardless of the state of the system,
while in a deterministic move this value is a state function. The relative
frequency of these moves depends on the two parameters q and beta. The
algorithm is not affected by critical slowing down and the dynamical critical
exponent z is exactly vanishing. We simulate in this way a 3D Potts model in
the range 2<q<3 for estimating the critical value q_c where the thermal
transition changes from second-order to first-order, and find q_c=2.620(5).Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures slightly extended version, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Adsorption of surface-modified silica nanoparticles to the interface of melt poly (lactic acid) and supercritical carbon dioxide
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC)
Network for Innovative Plastic Materials and Manufacturing Processes (NIPMMP)
Canada Research Chairs (CRC)With the purpose of fabricating polymer nanocomposite foams and preventing coalescence in foaming processes, the interfacial tension of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) -silica composites is investigated in this work. Synthesized silica nanoparticles(SNs) with a CO2 - philic surface modification are used as the dispersednanoparticles. Interfacial tension is a key parameter in processing of polymer foamssince it directly affects the final foam properties, such as cell size and cell density.Interfacial tension of silica-containing PLA and supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2)is measured using Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis Profile (ADSA-P) pendantdrop method at high pressures and high temperatures. The interfacial tensionbetween PLA and supercritical CO2 is observed to decrease as a result ofnanoparticles’ adsorption to the interface. These results indicate that the reductionin interfacial tension with increasing silica content significantly deviates from alinear trend; there is a minimum at 2 wt. % loading of the SNs and then the interfacialtension curve reaches a plateau. Contact angle measurements show an affinity of theSNs for the polymer-supercritical CO2 interface, and these obtained results are usedto calculate the binding energy of the nanoparticles to the PLA / CO2 interface. Inaddition to interfacial properties, the adsorption of silica nanoparticles at theinterface is also studied in detail with Scanning Electron Microscopy
Particle Probe of Horava-Lifshitz Gravity
Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity is probed through
particle geodesics. Gravitational force of KS black hole becomes weaker than
that of Schwarzschild around horizon and interior space. Particles can be
always scattered or trapped in new closed orbits, unlike those falling forever
in Schwarzschild black. The properties of null and timelike geodesics are
classified with values of coupling constants. The precession rates of the
orbits are evaluated. The time trajectories are also classified under different
values of coupling constants for both null and timelike geodesics. Physical
phenomena that may be observable are discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Supergravity from a Massive Superparticle and the Simplest Super Black Hole
We describe in superspace a theory of a massive superparticle coupled to a
version of two dimensional N=1 dilaton supergravity. The (1+1) dimensional
supergravity is generated by the stress-energy of the superparticle, and the
evolution of the superparticle is reciprocally influenced by the supergravity.
We obtain exact superspace solutions for both the superparticle worldline and
the supergravity fields. We use the resultant non-trivial compensator
superfield solution to construct a model of a two-dimensional supersymmetric
black hole.Comment: Latex, 27 pages, minor typos corrected and reference adde
Neural networks impedance control of robots interacting with environments
In this paper, neural networks impedance control is proposed for robot-environment interaction. Iterative learning control is developed to make the robot dynamics follow a given target impedance model. To cope with the problem of unknown robot dynamics, neural networks are employed such that neither the robot structure nor the physical parameters are required for the control design. The stability and performance of the resulted closed-loop system are discussed through rigorous analysis and extensive remarks. The validity and feasibility of the proposed method are verified through simulation studies
Charged BTZ-like Black Holes in Higher Dimensions
Motivated by many worthwhile paper about (2 + 1)-dimensional BTZ black holes,
we generalize them to to (n + 1)-dimensional solutions, so called BTZ-like
solutions. We show that the electric field of BTZ-like solutions is the same as
(2 + 1)-dimensional BTZ black holes, and also their lapse functions are
approximately the same, too. By these similarities, it is also interesting to
investigate the geometric and thermodynamics properties of the BTZ-like
solutions. We find that, depending on the metric parameters, the BTZ-like
solutions may be interpreted as black hole solutions with inner (Cauchy) and
outer (event) horizons, an extreme black hole or naked singularity. Then, we
calculate thermodynamics quantities and conserved quantities, and show that
they satisfy the first law of thermodynamics. Finally, we perform a stability
analysis in the canonical ensemble and show that the BTZ-like solutions are
stable in the whole phase space.Comment: 5 pages, two column format, one figur
- …