3D Preforming technologies for composite applications

With the high end applications like aerospace, the orientation of the fibrous reinforcement is becoming more and more important from load bearing point of view as well as need of placing the reinforcement oriented in the third dimension. In textile process, there is direct control over fiber placements and ease of handling of fibers. Textile technology is of particular importance in the context of improving certain properties of composites like inter-laminar shear and damage tolerance apart from reducing the cost of manufacturing. Depending upon textile preforming method the range of fiber orientation and fiber volume fraction of preform will vary, subsequently affecting matrix infiltration and consolidation. As a route to mass production of textile composites, the production speed, material handling and material design flexibility are major factors responsible for selection of textile reinforcement production. This article reviews the developments occurred in this field of textile preforming along with their advantages and disadvantages and also presents the studies on 3D multilayer interlocked woven reinforced composite materials performance

A Case Report and Overview of Familial Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Pathogenesis in an Adult Patient

OBJECTIVE We present a case of a 39 year-old woman who presented with a solitary cavernous malformation hemorrhage without any other lesions, and subsequently presented several months later with a new hemorrhage from a de novo lesion. We discuss mechanisms of paradominant inheritance and haploinsufficiency to describe phenotype expression of familial cavernous malformations. CASE DESCRIPTION The patient presented with unremitting headaches, who had a known history of a solitary cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) for which she underwent resection several months prior with no evidence of any other CCM lesions seen on post-operative MRI. She has no history of whole brain radiation, family history of cavernous malformations, or prior head trauma. During this hospital visit, she was found to have develop two new lesions in the left fronto-parietal lobe and cerebellum. She was treated with surgical resection of the left frontoparietal lesion, and recovered fully. It is of interest that a patient approaching her fourth decade of life would start to develop formation of multiple de novo cavernous malformations, especially with an absent family history. Paradominant Inheritance and haploinsufficiency are two proposed models of inheritance that can be related to this patient’s disease progression. CONCLUSION The case illustrates an atypical clinical course of a patient with familia

Brick Walls and AdS/CFT

We discuss the relationship between the bulk-boundary correspondence in Rehren's algebraic holography (and in other 'fixed-background' approaches to holography) and in mainstream 'Maldacena AdS/CFT'. Especially, we contrast the understanding of black-hole entropy from the viewpoint of QFT in curved spacetime -- in the framework of 't Hooft's 'brick wall' model -- with the understanding based on Maldacena AdS/CFT. We show that the brick-wall modification of a Klein Gordon field in the Hartle-Hawking-Israel state on 1+2-Schwarzschild AdS (BTZ) has a well-defined boundary limit with the same temperature and entropy as the brick-wall-modified bulk theory. One of our main purposes is to point out a close connection, for general AdS/CFT situations, between the puzzle raised by Arnsdorf and Smolin regarding the relationship between Rehren's algebraic holography and mainstream AdS/CFT and the puzzle embodied in the 'correspondence principle' proposed by Mukohyama and Israel in their work on the brick-wall approach to black hole entropy. Working on the assumption that similar results will hold for bulk QFT other than the Klein Gordon field and for Schwarzschild AdS in other dimensions, and recalling the first author's proposed resolution to the Mukohyama-Israel puzzle based on his 'matter-gravity entanglement hypothesis', we argue that, in Maldacena AdS/CFT, the algebra of the boundary CFT is isomorphic only to a proper subalgebra of the bulk algebra, albeit (at non-zero temperature) the (GNS) Hilbert spaces of bulk and boundary theories are still the 'same' -- the total bulk state being pure, while the boundary state is mixed (thermal). We also argue from the finiteness of its boundary (and hence, on our assumptions, also bulk) entropy at finite temperature, that the Rehren dual of the Maldacena boundary CFT cannot itself be a QFT and must, instead, presumably be something like a string theory.Comment: 54 pages, 3 figures. Arguments strengthened in the light of B.S. Kay `Instability of Enclosed Horizons' arXiv:1310.739

Correspondence: No substantial long-term bias in the Cenozoic benthic foraminifera oxygen-isotope record

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The use of happiness research for public policy

Research on happiness tends to follow a "benevolent dictator" approach where politicians pursue people's happiness. This paper takes an antithetic approach based on the insights of public choice theory. First, we inquire how the results of happiness research may be used to improve the choice of institutions. Second, we show that the policy approach matters for the choice of research questions and the kind of knowledge happiness research aims to provide. Third, we emphasize that there is no shortcut to an optimal policy maximizing some happiness indicator or social welfare function since governments have an incentive to manipulate this indicator

On Special Re-quantization of a Black Hole

Quantized expressions for the gravitational energy and momentum are derived from a linearized theory of teleparallel gravity. The derivation relies on a second-quantization procedure that constructs annihilation and creation operators for the graviton. The resulting gravitational field is a collection of gravitons, each of which has precise energy and momentum. On the basis of the weak-field approximation of Schwarzschild's solution, a new form for the quantization of the mass of a black hole is derived.Comment: 4 page

Electrical capacitance tomography for flow imaging: System model for development of image reconstruction algorithms and design of primary sensors

A software tool that facilitates the development of image reconstruction algorithms, and the design of optimal capacitance sensors for a capacitance-based 12-electrode tomographic flow imaging system are described. The core of this software tool is the finite element (FE) model of the sensor, which is implemented in OCCAM-2 language and run on the Inmos T800 transputers. Using the system model, the in-depth study of the capacitance sensing fields and the generation of flow model data are made possible, which assists, in a systematic approach, the design of an improved image-reconstruction algorithm. This algorithm is implemented on a network of transputers to achieve a real-time performance. It is found that the selection of the geometric parameters of a 12-electrode sensor has significant effects on the sensitivity distributions of the capacitance fields and on the linearity of the capacitance data. As a consequence, the fidelity of the reconstructed images are affected. Optimal sensor designs can, therefore, be provided, by accommodating these effect

Kahler Independence of the G2-MSSM

The G2-MSSM is a model of particle physics coupled to moduli fields with interesting phenomenology both for colliders and astrophysical experiments. In this paper we consider a more general model - whose moduli Kahler potential is a completely arbitrary G2-holonomy Kahler potential and whose matter Kahler potential is also more general. We prove that the vacuum structure and spectrum of BSM particles is largely unchanged in this much more general class of theories. In particular, gaugino masses are still supressed relative to the gravitino mass and moduli masses. We also consider the effects of higher order corrections to the matter Kahler potential and find a connection between the nature of the LSP and flavor effects.Comment: Final version, matches the version published in JHE

Progress in and deterrents to orthotopic liver transplantation, with special reference to survival, resistance to hyperacute rejection, and biliary duct reconstruction.

Before I begin, I want to add my own personal reminiscence. I knew Dave Hume for almost 14 years, slightly for the first 4 and well for the last 10. I first talked to him at an elevator entrance at the Greenbrier Hotel in West Virginia, in April, 1959, and for the last time in April, 1973, in the lower lobby of the Century Plaza Hotel in Los Angeles. In May, 1973, I was in the railroad station in Albuquerque, New Mexico, when I learned from my grief-stricken youngest son that Dave was dead. It is strange how the exact details of these and some other memories in between, of the time I spent with Dave Hume, stand out with the same clarity as what I was doing when I learned of the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the assassination of John Kennedy, but very few other things. The most eloquent tribute to Dave Hume I have heard was the briefest, coming from a non-medical friend who told me sadly, “He really was a dynamite guy!