4,263 research outputs found
Equatorial ozone characteristics as measured at Natal (5.9 deg S, 35.2 deg W)
Ozone density profiles obtained through electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) sonde measurements at Natal were analyzed. Time variations, as expected, are small. Outstanding features of the data are tropospheric densities substantially higher than those measured at other stations, and also a total ozone content that is higher than the averages given by satellite measurements
Qubitization of Arbitrary Basis Quantum Chemistry Leveraging Sparsity and Low Rank Factorization
Recent work has dramatically reduced the gate complexity required to quantum simulate chemistry by using linear combinations of unitaries based methods to exploit structure in the plane wave basis Coulomb operator. Here, we show that one can achieve similar scaling even for arbitrary basis sets (which can be hundreds of times more compact than plane waves) by using qubitized quantum walks in a fashion that takes advantage of structure in the Coulomb operator, either by directly exploiting sparseness, or via a low rank tensor factorization. We provide circuits for several variants of our algorithm (which all improve over the scaling of prior methods) including one with Õ(N^(3/2)λ) T complexity, where N is number of orbitals and λ is the 1-norm of the chemistry Hamiltonian. We deploy our algorithms to simulate the FeMoco molecule (relevant to Nitrogen fixation) and obtain circuits requiring about seven hundred times less surface code spacetime volume than prior quantum algorithms for this system, despite us using a larger and more accurate active space
Archaeal abundance in post-mortem ruminal digesta may help predict methane emissions from beef cattle
The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health and SRUC are funded by the Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) of the Scottish Government. The project was supported by DEFRA and DA funded Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Inventory Research Platform. Our thanks are due to the excellent support staff at the SRUC Beef Research Centre, Edinburgh, also to Graham Horgan of BioSS, Aberdeen, for conducting multivariate analysis.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Evaluating the semantic web: a task-based approach
The increased availability of online knowledge has led to the design of several algorithms that solve a variety of tasks by harvesting the Semantic Web, i.e. by dynamically selecting and exploring a multitude of online ontologies. Our hypothesis is that the performance of such novel algorithms implicity provides an insight into the quality of the used ontologies and thus opens the way to a task-based evaluation of the Semantic Web. We have investigated this hypothesis by studying the lessons learnt about online ontologies when used to solve three tasks: ontology matching, folksonomy enrichment, and word sense disambiguation. Our analysis leads to a suit of conclusions about the status of the Semantic Web, which highlight a number of strengths and weaknesses of the semantic information available online and complement the findings of other analysis of the Semantic Web landscape
ACS Observations of a Strongly Lensed Arc in a Field Elliptical
We report the discovery of a strongly lensed arc system around a field
elliptical galaxy in Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys
(ACS) images of a parallel field observed during NICMOS observations of the HST
Ultra-Deep Field. The ACS parallel data comprise deep imaging in the F435W,
F606W, F775W, and F850LP bandpasses. The main arc is at a radius of 1.6 arcsec
from the galaxy center and subtends about 120 deg. Spectroscopic follow-up at
Magellan Observatory yields a redshift z=0.6174 for the lensing galaxy, and we
photometrically estimate z_phot = 2.4\pm0.3 for the arc. We also identify a
likely counter-arc at a radius of 0.6 arcsec, which shows structure similar to
that seen in the main arc. We model this system and find a good fit to an
elliptical isothermal potential of velocity dispersion
\kms, the value expected from the fundamental plane, and some external shear.
Several other galaxies in the field have colors similar to the lensing galaxy
and likely make up a small group.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. 10 pages, 3 figures. Figures
have been degraded to meet size limit; a higher resolution version and
addtional pictures available at http://acs.pha.jhu.edu/~jpb/UDFparc
Quantitative magneto-optical investigation of superconductor/ferromagnet hybrid structures
We present a detailed quantitative magneto-optical imaging study of several
superconductor/ferromagnet hybrid structures, including Nb deposited on top of
thermomagnetically patterned NdFeB, and permalloy/niobium with erasable and
tailored magnetic landscapes imprinted in the permalloy layer. The
magneto-optical imaging data is complemented with and compared to scanning Hall
probe microscopy measurements. Comprehensive protocols have been developed for
calibrating, testing, and converting Faraday rotation data to magnetic field
maps. Applied to the acquired data, they reveal the comparatively weaker
magnetic response of the superconductor from the background of larger fields
and field gradients generated by the magnetic layer.Comment: 21 pages, including 2 pages of supplementary materia
VLT and ACS observations of RDCS J1252.9-2927: dynamical structure and galaxy populations in a massive cluster at z=1.237
We present results from an extensive spectroscopic survey, carried out with
VLT FORS, and from an extensive multiwavelength imaging data set from the HST
Advanced Camera for Surveys and ground based facilities, of the cluster of
galaxies RDCS J1252.9-2927. We have spectroscopically confirmed 38 cluster
members in the redshift range 1.22 < z < 1.25. A cluster median redshift of
z=1.237 and a rest-frame velocity dispersion of 747^{+74}_{-84} km/s are
obtained. Using the 38 confirmed redshifts, we were able to resolve, for the
first time at z > 1, kinematic structure. The velocity distribution, which is
not Gaussian at the 95% confidence level, is consistent with two groups that
are also responsible for the projected east-west elongation of the cluster. The
groups are composed of 26 and 12 galaxies with velocity dispersions of
486^{+47}_{-85} km/s and 426^{+57}_{-105} km/s, respectively. The elongation is
also seen in the intracluster gas and the dark matter distribution. This leads
us to conclude that RDCS J1252.9-2927 has not yet reached a final virial state.
We extend the analysis of the color-magnitude diagram of spectroscopic members
to more than 1 Mpc from the cluster center. The scatter and slope of
non-[OII]-emitting cluster members in the near-IR red sequence is similar to
that seen in clusters at lower redshift. Furthermore, most of the galaxies with
luminosities greater than ~ K_s*+1.5 do not show any [OII], indicating that
these more luminous, redder galaxies have stopped forming stars earlier than
the fainter, bluer galaxies. Our observations provide detailed dynamical and
spectrophotometric information on galaxies in this exceptional high-redshift
cluster, delivering an in-depth view of structure formation at this epoch only
5 Gyr after the Big Bang.Comment: 29 pages. 16 figures. ApJ accepted. Tables 2,3 and 5, figure 1 and
the full figure 5 will be available in the paper and electronic editions from
ApJ. v2: minor corrections to the abstract and text to match the Journal's
versio
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