Use of Sodium Citrate to Enhance Tenderness and Palatability of Pre-Rigor Beef Muscles

The objective of this project was to evaluate the response in tenderness and consumer acceptability of three muscles from the chuck that were pumped pre-rigor with different concentrations of sodium citrate solutions to inhibit glycolysis, while maintaining skeletal restraint for 24 hours. Controls were left on carcass, while the other three treatments had the thoracic limb removed and muscles pumped post-mortem to 10% of their weight with solutions of 0 mM, 200 mM or 400 mM sodium citrate. Although tenderness ratings were not always statistically different (comparing controls vs. 400 mM solution), there was a clear trend showing higher concentrations of sodium citrate make beef more tender and acceptable to consumers

Glycolytic Inhibition in Pre-rigor Muscle: An Alternative Method to Improve Beef Tenderness

Flank muscle (FM) and loin eye muscle (LEM) were marinated with solutions of different glycolytic inhibitors to test their effect on tenderness, pH and color. The increase of pH was more evident in LEM than in FM. The improvement in tenderness was higher in FM. In LEM, the most desirable result (cherry-red color and more tender) was observed with sodium citrate. Flank muscle became more tender and had better color (cherry red) than the control with oxamic acid, iodoacetate, glucose and sodium acetate. Most of the compounds caused different responses between muscles. Potential inhibitors must be tested further to prove glycolytic inhibition is a feasible method to improve tenderness in low value cuts with no detriment to lean color

Pensión especial anticipada y el principio del interés superior del niño como derecho humano en Colombia

In Colombia, there have been significant advances in guarantees and rights for special protection groups such as children in situations of functional diversity, among the different legal measures, are found; the special anticipated pension, established so that parents with children in situations of functional diversity can withdraw from work and take care of their children. In this sense, from the bibliographic-documentary review with critical analysis, the protection offered by this special pension is analyzed against the principle of the best interests of the child as a human right. Concluding, that its application is in tension with the operational-financial response capacity of the State. © 2019, Universidad del Zulia. All rights reserved

Adding Value to Low-Quality Beef Muscles through Glycolytic Inhibition in Pre-rigor Muscle

Pre-rigor Semimembranosus, Triceps brachii and Supraspinatus muscles were removed from 10 steers to determine effects of several glycolysis-inhibiting compounds on pH, tenderness and color. Muscles were injected and tumbled with 10% of sodium citrate, sodium fluoride, sodium acetate, or calcium chloride. Sodium citrate and sodium fluoride increased pH values in Semimembranosus, Triceps brachii and Supraspinatus. Tenderness improved in Triceps brachii and Supraspinatus with calcium chloride, sodium fluoride and sodium citrate when compared with controls. Color values were not different among treatments. Sodium citrate and sodium fluoride were successful in improving beef tenderness by maintaining a high pH in pre-rigor muscles

Advances toward engineering functionally mature human pluripotent stem cell-derived β cells

Human stem cell-derived β (SC-β) cells have the potential to revolutionize diabetes treatment through disease modeling, drug screening, and cellular therapy. SC-β cells are likely to represent an early clinical translation of differentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC). In 2014, two groups generated the firs

Single-cell transcriptome profiling reveals β cell maturation in stem cell-derived islets after transplantation

Human pluripotent stem cells differentiated to insulin-secreting β cells (SC-β cells) in islet organoids could provide an unlimited cell source for diabetes cell replacement therapy. However, current SC-β cells generated in vitro are transcriptionally and functionally immature compared to native adult β cells. Here, we use single-cell transcriptomic profiling to catalog changes that occur in transplanted SC-β cells. We find that transplanted SC-β cells exhibit drastic transcriptional changes and mature to more closely resemble adult β cells. Insulin and IAPP protein secretions increase upon transplantation, along with expression of maturation genes lacking with differentiation in vitro, including INS, MAFA, CHGB, and G6PC2. Other differentiated cell types, such as SC-α and SC-enterochromaffin (SC-EC) cells, also exhibit large transcriptional changes. This study provides a comprehensive resource for understanding human islet cell maturation and provides important insights into maturation of SC-β cells and other SC-islet cell types to enable future differentiation strategy improvements

METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS TO ENHANCE TENDERNESS AND VALUE OF MEAT

A method of enhancing the tenderness of meat for animal or human consumption by treatment of pre-rigor muscle with the compositions of the invention. It has been found that other quality meat traits can also be enhanced with the method of the invention

Single event effects in static and dynamic registers in a 0.25−μ−m0.25-\mu-m CMOS technology

We have studied single event effects in static and dynamic registers designed in a quarter micron CMOS process. In our design, we systematically used guardrings and enclosed (edgeless) transistor geometry to improve the total dose tolerance. This design technique improved both the SEL and SEU sensitivity of the circuits. Using SPICE simulations, the measured smooth transition of the cross-section curve between LET threshold and saturation has been traced to the presence of four different upset modes, each corresponding to a different critical charge and sensitive area. A new architecture to protect the content of storage cells has been developed, and a threshold LET around 89 MeV cm/sup 2/ mg/sup -1/ has been measured for this cell at a power supply voltage of 2 V

On opportunities and threats to conserve the phylogenetic diversity of neotropical palms

Aim: Palms are an ecologically and societally important plant group, with high diversity in the Neotropics. Here, we estimated the impacts of future climate change on phylogenetic diversity (PD) of Neotropical palms under varying climatic and dispersal scenarios, assessed the effectiveness of the established network of protected areas (PAs) for conserving palms PD today and in 2070, and identified priority areas for the conservation of palm species and their evolutionary history in the face of climate change. Location: Neotropics. Methods: We used ecological niche modelling to estimate the distribution of 367 species in the present and for 2070 based on two greenhouse gas emission and two dispersal scenarios. We calculated Faith's PD within each five arc-minute grid cell to evaluate the effectiveness of PAs relative to null models and used phylogenetic spatial prioritisation analysis to detect priority areas. Results: We found that even under the most optimistic climatic and dispersal scenarios, the established network of PAs performed poorly in safeguarding palms PD under both current conditions and those projected for 2070. Significant losses in PD inside PAs are expected under future climate conditions, especially if species are unable to disperse to suitable areas. Nevertheless, a modest and strategic increase in the number of PAs could considerably improve the protection of palms PD in the present and 2070. Main conclusions: The PD of Neotropical palms is poorly represented within the established network of PAs, at both present and in 2070. A higher realised dispersal rates would diminish PD losses inside the network of PAs. The conservation of palm PD can be improved through the expansion of PAs in strategic regions such as the upper portion of the Amazon Basin, Tropical Andes and Mesoamerica.Fil: Velazco, Santiago José Elías. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; ArgentinaFil: Svenning, Jens-christian. University Aarhus; DinamarcaFil: Ribeiro, Bruno R.. Universidade Federal de Goiás; BrasilFil: Laureto, Livia Maira Orlandi. Universidade Federal de Goiás; Brasi