Agro-morphological Diversity of High Altitude Bean Landraces in the Kailash Sacred Landscape of Nepal

Many varieties of bean are widely grown across diverse agro-ecological zones in Nepal. And opportunities exist for improving the crops and enhancing their resilience to various biotic and abiotic stressors. In this context, an experiment was conducted from June to October 2016 in Khar VDC of Darchula district to study the phenotypic traits of nine landraces of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The bean landraces were planted using randomized complete block design in three sites (Dhamidera, Dallekh and Sundamunda villages), with three replications in each site for their comparative analysis. The study considered the following phenotypic traits: days to emergence, days to 50% flowering, days to 90% pod maturity, number of nodes, pod length, pod width, number of pods, number of seeds per pod and weight and grain yield for 100 seeds. Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences in the landraces both within and among locations. KA-17-08-FB and KA-17-04-FB were late  flowering (63 and 65 days respectively) compared to other landraces whereas KA-17-07-FB flowered earliest (within 42 days). In all three sites, three landraces namely KA-17-07-FB, KA-17-04-FB and KA-17-06-FB were found to be relatively more resistant to pest and diseases than other landraces. Eight out of nine landraces in Dhamidera and Dallekh villages and seven out of nine in Sundamunda village produced seeds greater than 1.0 t/ha. Among the nine varieties KA-17-02-FB was the highest yielding variety, with an average yield of 3.8 t/ha. This study is useful for identifying suitable landraces for future promotion based on their maturity, grain yield, diseases resistance and other qualitative and quantitative characteristics

Incidence of Rodent Pests in Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) and their Management

Infestation pattern and extent of damage by rodent pests and their management in cumin crop using secondgeneration anticoagulant rodenticides were studied at farmers' fields in Jodhpur district. Monthly trapping throughout the crop season revealed presence of four species, viz., Tatera indica (45.16%), Meriones hurrianae (29.03%), Gerbillus gleadowi and, an arboreal species, Funambulus pennanti (25.81%). Damage to cumin crop was almost on par at the vegetative growth stage and flowering stage, recording 11.00 and 13.50% reduction in plant stand, respectively. Efficacy of two anticoagulant rodenticides viz., difethiaone (0.0025%) and bromadiolone (0.005%) was evaluated by two census methods simultaneously, viz., live burrow count (LBC) and census baiting (CB). Two treatments of either of the anticoagulants, one at vegetative growth and another at flowering stage, resulted in >80% reduction in pest rodent population. Cost:benefit ratio obtained with bromadiolone (0.005%) baiting was 1:10.8. Thus, poison baiting with anticoagulant rodenticides may be practiced twice at (i) vegetative growth and (ii) flowering stage, for effective rodent management in cumin

Green Approach for Next Generation Computing: A Survey

In the past few years, the Information and Communication Technology sector have made a significant advancement in Cloud Computing technology. The world wide acceptance of Cloud technology can be credited to the various benefits a Cloud offers to its users. The Cloud technology helps in preventing resource wastage to a much greater extent. The authors of this paper wish to explore the concept behind cloud computing, its strategy, and benefits. This paper presents some facts and figures related to cloud and green computing which will help in obtaining the gist of Cloud Computing and in understanding the need of going green in computing

Validation of a method for diosgenin extraction from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

Background. Diosgenin is a very important plant secondary metabolite and raw material for the drug industry. Plant sources rich in diosgenin include yam (Dioscorea spp.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). A method for diosgenin extraction from yam extracts has previously been validated, but its extraction from fenugreek plants still requires validation. In addition, all available methods require time-consuming additional purification steps. The present study was aimed at developing a low cost, less time-consuming single-step method for diosgenin extraction from fenugreek. Material and methods. This study represents a method developed for diosgenin extraction from fenugreek plants without any additional/supportive purification methods such as chromatography or thin-layer chromatography. Diosgenin yield estimation and purity analysis by HPLC method, along with accuracy and precision analysis, is presented. Results. Five different fenugreek varieties were subjected to a newly developed diosgenin extraction method, and an HPLC chromatogram showed a single peak corresponding to diosgenin. Yield was determined by the standard curve method. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for the assay were found to be 0.0312 and 0.102 \u3bcg, respectively; t calculated for slope and other statistical parameters were found to be significant (P value < 0.001) for this method. Conclusion. We have developed a fast, accurate and low cost method for diosgenin extraction from fenugreek. Although the authors have studied this method only in fenugreek plants, it could be applied to the extraction of a few other plant secondary metabolites, which will help researchers to save time and effort

Assessment of cardiac complication in diabetic patient of rural India

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine disorder affecting approximately 382 million people worldwide. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is group of metabolic disorder in which glucose is underutilized, thus producing hyperglycemia resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, action, or both. Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death and disability among people with diabetes. The cardiovascular disease that accompany diabetes include angina, myocardial infarction (heart attack), Stroke, peripheral artery disease and congestive heart failure. In people with diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, high blood glucose and other risk factors contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular complications.Method:  This study was conducted to determine the cardiac complication in diabetic patient of rural India. It was Cross sectional retrospective study, done in between period of January 2018 to December 2019.Result: In the present study authors found that   47.7% patients have Coronary artery disease (CAD), Silent 21.6% have myocardial ischemia (SMI), 36% Diastolic dysfunction (DF), 28.8% have Systolic dysfunction (SDF).Conclusion: In this study authors found that wide spectrum of cardiac complications in diabetic patients ranging silent myocardial ischemia to heart failure. CAD was the most common complication including silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) which is the one of the major concern of rural diabetic population which need proper screening by exercise treadmill test

Fisheries geographical information system for Greater Mumbai region in Maharashtra, India

Geographical information system (GIS) is an invaluable decision support tool, designed to address spatially related problems for management of natural resources. The power of GIS lies in its ability to visualise and relate various types of geo-referenced spatial and non-spatial data allowing users to analyse them. In India, use of GIS in fisheries management is yet to find its rightful place. An effort has been made in the present study to design and organise a fisheries spatial information system for Greater Mumbai region in Maharashtra to serve as a macro-level database for the planners and administrators, which can be used for querying, analysing and displaying datasets in the form of graphs and summarised tabular data for all the fisheries infrastructural facilities. This GIS will be of immense help to planners, managers and administrators in quick storing, retrieving and updating the required information for management of fisheries in Greater Mumbai region

Developing software module for BP and BMEP parameters in IC Engine using VB.Net

This document reviews the history of free-piston internal combustion engines, from the air compressors and gas generators used in the mid-20th century through to recent free-piston hydraulic engines and linear electric generators. Unique features of the free-piston engine are presented and their effects on engine operation are discussed, along with potential advantages and disadvantages compared to conventional engines. The paper focuses mainly on developed engines where operational data has been reported. Finally, the potential of the free-piston engine is evaluated and the most promising designs identified. For different requirements different types of piston are made, but all that work has to do manually which is usually time consuming, complex in calculation, more chance of error occurs. For getting rid of this problem a software or execution of a program in a computer language such as in C, VB.Ne

In vitro direct regeneration in mint from different explants on half strength MS medium

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