An empirical approach to the theory of particle and nuclear phenomena: review and some new ideas

Experimental data on masses and lifetimes of unstable particles falls into a pattern, a brief review of some interesting consequences is presented here. From the experience in semiclassical methods and recent advances in quantum chromodynamics, it is proposed that an appropriate generalization of the Gutzwiller trace formula for field theories may lead to a systematic semiclassical chromodynamics theory. The theory can be developed to get appropriate dynamics leading to an explanation of pattern discovered in the empirical data

Relevance of unilateral and bilateral sexual polyploidization in relation to intergenomic recombination and introgression in Lilium species hybrids

Sexual polyploids were induced in diploid (2n = 2x = 24) interspecific F1 hybrids of Longiflorum × Asiatic (LA) and Oriental × Asiatic (OA) Lilium hybrids by backcrossing to Asiatic (AA) parents as well as by sib-mating of the F1 LA hybrids. A majority of the BC1 progenies were triploid and the progenies from sib-mating were tetraploid or near tetraploids. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) technique was applied to assess the intergenomic recombination in the BC1 populations of LA and OA hybrids obtained after unilateral sexual polyploidization. A total of 63 LA (LA × AA and AA × LA) and 53 OA hybrids were analysed. LA hybrids were originated through the functioning of 2n gametes either as 2n eggs or 2n pollen while those of OA hybrids originated through functional 2n pollen of diploid OA genotype. In both type of crosses, a majority of the progenies had originated through First Division Restitution (FDR) mechanism of functional 2n gamete either with or without a cross over. However, there were nine LA- and four OA-genotypes where Indeterminate Meiotic Restitution (IMR) was the mechanism of 2n gamete formation. Based on GISH, total amount of introgression of Longiflorum and Oriental genome into Asiatic genome was determined. Most of the BC progenies exhibited recombination and the amount of recombination was higher in LA hybrids as compared to OA hybrids. Intergenomic recombination was also determined cytologically in the 16 plants of sib-mated LA hybrids where both parents had contributed 2n gametes. Based on these results the nature of interspecific lily hybrids obtained from uni- and bilateral sexual polyploidization leading to allotriploid and allotetraploid formation is discussed in the context of introgression and intergenomic recombinatio

DIELECTRIC STUDIES IN Li2O AND CoO DOPED BOROPHOSPHATE GLASSES

Borophosphate glasses in the compositions, (B2O3)0.2 . (P2O5)0.3 . (Li2O) 0.5-X . (CoO) X, wherex = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40 and 0.45 were prepared at 1400K by following melt quenching method. Their amorphous nature was confirmed by XRD studies and was investigated for dielectric properties in the frequency range from 100Hz to 1MHz and temperature range from 300K to 573K. The conductivity was derived from the dielectric spectrum. The frequency exponent, s, dc and ac components of the conductivity were determined. The temperature dependence of conductivity at different frequencies was analyzed using Motts small polaron hopping model, and the high temperature activation energy has been estimated and discussed. The variation of conductivity and activation energy with composition revealed a changeover of conduction mechanism from predominantly ionic to electronic regime for mole fractions of CoO between 0.3 and 0.35. This is a new result. Hunts model has been employed to analyze frequency dependence of conductivity. Relaxation features of the dielectric properties have been extracted from the analysis of electric moduli with frequency. Activation energy for relaxation mechanism has been determined. Frequency exponent was found to be temperature dependent. Quantum mechanical theory and correlated barrier hopping models were found to be inadequate to explain frequency exponent behavior with temperature. For the first time that borophosphate glasses doped with Li2O and CoO were studied for dielectric properties and ac conductivity as a function of temperature and frequency and the data has been analysed thoroughly.  &nbsp

MAGNETIC AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTRON BEAM GUN DEPOSITED [Mn/Al] MULTILAYERED FILMS

By following electron beam gun evaporation technique, the magnetic multilayers in the configuration, [Mn(60nm)/Al(20nm)]n; n =1, 2 and 9 were deposited at 473K,  under high vacuum conditions. From grazing incidence X- ray diffraction (GIXRD) studies, the grain sizes were determined and they were in the order of few nanometers. Atomic force microscope (AFM) were employed to study surface structure and grain sizes. The magnetization as a function of field at 150K and 200K have been measured using the MPMS SQUID - vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). From the hysteresis loops, coercive field, saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization and antiferromagnetic coupling were determined. All the three films hinted at the existence of at antiferromagnetic interaction between Mn layers through Al layer. Electrical resistivity in the temperature range from 5K to 300K has been measured. Films exhibited semiconducting to metallic transition. The power law variation of resistivity with temperature was established for the metallic region. Conductivity data for semiconducting region of a film has been analysed using polaran hopping models, activation energy and density of states at Fermi level were established. This is for the first time that antiferromagnetic coupling between Mn layers through interfacer layer and semiconducting to metallic transition have been noticed in the present configuration of [Mn/Al] multilayers

Functioning metastases in liver from thyroid carcinoma: Case report

Radioiodine uptake in liver metastases was observed in two patients with follicular carcinoma of the thyroid

Low Temperature Electrical Resistivity Studies in Lead Thin Films

Thin lead films of thickness, 100 nm, 150 nm, 200 nm and 250 nm have been deposited using electron beam evaporation technique at room temperature onto glass substrates under high vacuum conditions. Films were investigated for electrical resistivity at low temperatures from 77 K to 300 K. Resistivity variation with temperature indicates transition from metallic to semiconductor behavior. Transition tem-perature increased with increasing film thickness. Temperature coefficient of resistance in the metallic re-gion has been determined for all the four films. Using Arrhenius relation, activation energy for conduction in metallic region has been determined. Mott’s small polaron hopping model has been employed to deter-mine activation energy in the semiconducting region. In a film of 250 nm thick, deviation from Mott’s small polaron hopping model for below 100 K was noted and that has been considered under Mott’s variable range hopping model. The complete understanding of electrical properties of Pb films has been necessitat-ed by the fact that the band gap in CdS decreases when Pb is incorporated into it, which in turn can be used to fabricated large efficient solar cells. It is for the first time that lead films of the present thickness have been investigated for low temperature resistivity. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3197

BURDEN OF THERAPY IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION

Objective: To estimate a) monthly expenditure for treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN) and both (DM+HTN) and b) economic burden (EB) and psychological burden (PB) of therapy of DM, HTN and DM+HTN.Methods: An observational questionnaire-based study was conducted among 180 patients. The monthly cost of drug therapy was assessed based on the drugs they were taking and the cost of individual drugs. The EB and PB were assessed using a validated questionnaire and data analysed by ANOVA followed by post hoc test.Results: Among 216 patients who were interviewed, 180 fulfilled the selection criteria. Among 180, 75 had DM, 40 HTN and 65 had both. Prevalence of DM and DM+HTN was higher among females and of HTN equal among males and females. The average total monthly cost of therapy for DM was INR 2077, for HTN INR 1464 and for DM+HTN INR 2269.Significant correlation was found between income and percentage of expenditure (p<0.001) in all the groups. The PB was found to correlate with low income (p<0.001), poor education (p<0.05) occupation (p<0.01) in DM+HTN and number of tablets (p<0.01) in DM and DM+HTN groups.Conclusion: The cost of therapy was higher for DM+HTN and DM. The percentage of expenditure was higher in low-income group and burden of therapy was directly proportional to the number of tablets, poor educational and occupational status; and inversely proportional to income

Fusion-fission angular distributions: a new probe of fast fission fractionation in nucleus-nucleus collisions

Fragment angular distributions in heavy ion-induced fission reactions have been analysed in terms of a two component model-fission following compound nucleus formation and fast fission events. It is seen that, contrary to the general assumption, fast fission competes with compound nucleus fission even when the composite system is formed with a spin less than the rotating liquid drop model limit for vanishing fission barrier

Hybridization between wild and cultivated potato species in the Peruvian Andes and biosafety implications for deployment of GM potatoes

The nature and extent of past and current hybridization between cultivated potato and wild relatives in nature is of interest to crop evolutionists, taxonomists, breeders and recently to molecular biologists because of the possibilities of inverse gene flow in the deployment of genetically-modified (GM) crops. This research proves that natural hybridization occurs in areas of potato diversity in the Andes, the possibilities for survival of these new hybrids, and shows a possible way forward in case of GM potatoes should prove advantageous in such areas

Use of 2n gametes for inducing intergenomic recombination in lily hybrids

Genetic recombination is an important pre-requisite for transferring specific genetic traits across distantly related plant species. With a view to transfer some of the desirable characters like resistances against viruses, Fusarium and Botrytis, besides many horticultural traits, we have made interspecific hybrids between different species of lilies (Lilium, 2n=2x=24). The F1 hybrids in all these cases are totally sterile because of the lack of chromosome pairing. Traditional method of somatic chromosome doubling (mitotic polyploidization) can produce fertile allotetraploids. But, because of strict autosyndetic pairing in allotetraploids, no genetic recombination occurs in the progenies. In order to overcome this difficulty, we have selected 2n gamete producing F1 hybrids of different Lilium species and used them successfully for sexual polyploidization (meiotic polyploidization). An important feature of meiosis in the F1 hybrids is that a certain amount of homoeologous chromosome pairing does occur in them. When 2n gametes originate from such F1 hybrids through first division restitution (FDR) they are expected to possess recombinant chromosomes. Cytological analyses, using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), of the sexual polyploid progenies have proved that considerable amount of intergenomic recombinant chromosomes can be recovered in the chromosome complements. One example of the sexual polyploid progenies from Oriental x Asiatic hybrid lilies possessing intergenomic recombinant chromosomes will be illustrated and discussed