Application of confidential intervals for verification of reservoir model at interpretation of well test data

The information on arguments of an oil reservoir to a well test from the point of view of the Bayesian inference are express through even allocation of odds in room of arguments. In article application of confidential spacing for a quantitative appraisal of the information receive from the analysis of results of well test which one are us for upgrading of allocations of odds are offered. Use of confidential spacing for an appraisal of a correctness of a choice of a laboratory formation are show

Separation of reservoir layers based on neuro-fuzzy systems

In the article, the application algorithms of neural network methods for determining the lithological composition of a well bore according to logging data are studied by training based on the analysis of the correspondence of logs to the available expert opinion. Specialized algorithms for processing the results of network operation have been developed to increase the information content of a signal produced by a neural network and to increase the reliability of recognition

Low-energy quenching of positronium by helium

Very low-energy scattering of orthopositronium by helium has been investigated for simultaneous study of elastic cross section and pick-off quenching rate using a model exchange potential. The present calculational scheme, while agrees with the measured cross section of Skalsey et al, reproduces successfully the parameter ^ 1Z_{\makebox{eff}}, the effective number of electrons per atom in a singlet state relative to the positron. Together with the fact that this model potential also leads to an agreement with measured medium energy cross sections of this system, this study seems to resolve the long-standing discrepancy at low energies among different theoretical calculations and experimental measurements.Comment: 4 latex pages, 3 postscript figure

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКИХ И ЛЕЧЕБНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ПРИ ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯХ ГРУДИ ВСЛЕДСТВИЕ КАТАТРАВМЫ В РЕСПУБЛИКАНСКОМ НАУЧНОМ ЦЕНТРЕ ЭКСТРЕННОЙ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ

BACKGROUND. The rate of the multisystem chest trauma and mortality in patients with catatrauma remains high.OBJECTIVE. To study the diagnosis and treatment of the multisystem chest trauma in patients associated with the fall from a height.MATERIAL AND METHODS. 243 patients (208 multisystem injuries and 35 isolated injuries) with a chest trauma associated with the fall from a height were examined in the surgical department of Republic research centre of emergency medicine. We performed X-ray, CT and endosurgical examinations.RESULTS. Instrumental examination revealed pneumothorax and hydrothorax in 24.4% and 22.6% of victims respectively. The rib injuries were observed in 181 patients, sternum fractures in 8 victims and thoracic vertebrae fractures in 84 patients. The puncture and thoracocentesis of the pleural cavities were performed in 85 cases. The thoracoscopy was performed in 21 patients, the thoracotomy – in 15 patients, suturing of the lung – in 22 patients, coagulation – in 15 patients, external plate fixation of multiple injured ribs – in 10 patients. The mortality rate was 21.4%.CONCLuSION. The specifics of the multisystem chest trauma associated with the fall from a height is the development of hemothorax and pneumothorax. Thoracocentesis and videothoracoscopy allow to diagnose and stop the hemorrhage properly, to restore the lung rupture and perform the thoracotomy in severe cases, as well as reduce of complications frequency and mortality rate. АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ. Частота сочетанных повреждений органов груди и летальность при кататравме сохраняется высокой.ЦЕЛЬ. Изучить диагностику и лечение сочетанных повреждений органов грудной клетки при кататравме.МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ. Обследованы 243 пострадавших с кататравмой грудной клетки (сочетанные — 208, изолированные — 35), поступивших в хирургическое отделение Республиканского научного центра экстренной медицинской помощи. Проведены рентгенологические и КТ-исследования, эндохирургические вмешательства.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Инструментальными методами пневмоторакс и гемоторакс выявлен у 24,4% и 22,6% пострадавших соответственно. Переломы ребер диагностированы у 181 пациента, переломы грудины — у 8, грудных позвонков — у 84 пострадавших. Пункция и торакоцентез плевральных полостей проведены 85 пострадавшим. Торакоскопия произведена 21 пострадавшему, торакотомия — 15, ушивание легкого — 22, коагуляция — 15, наружная фиксация костных отломков ребер к металлической пластине — 10 пациентам. Летальность составила 21,4%.ВЫВОДЫ. Особенностью травмы органов груди при сочетанной кататравме является развитие гемо- и пневмоторакса. Торакоцентез с диагностической видеоторакоскопией позволяют своевременно диагностировать и остановить кровотечение, ликвидировать разрыв легких, в тяжелых случаях своевременно провести торакотомию, снизить частоту осложнений и летальность

ДИАГНОСТИКА И ХИРУРГИЧЕСКАЯ ТАКТИКА ПРИ НЕОТЛОЖНЫХ СОСТОЯНИЯХ, ОБУСЛОВЛЕННЫХ ТРАВМОЙ И ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ ОРГАНОВ ГРУДНОЙ ПОЛОСТИ

Goal of research: to evaluate efficiency of videothoracoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of patients with injuries and emergency diseases ща chest organs.Material and methods: Study wasbased on treatment results analysis of 2111 patients with injuries and chest organs emergency diseases, who were treated at Republican Research Centre of Emergency Medicine in 2001-2014. Chest trauma made up 1396 (66,1%) victims. There were 477 (22,6%) patients with spontaneous pneumothorax. At the stages of initial diagnosis, the radiologic evaluations, CT investigations and videothoracoscopies were performed. In chest trauma patients the videothoracoscopy underwent in 844 cases, in spontaneous pneu#mothorax this method was employed in 290 patients. Complicated forms of lung echinococcosis were observed in 238 (11,3%) patients and complicated forms of lung echinococcosis were evident in 72 patients.Results. Videothoracoscopy and video-assisted interventions allowed to eliminate lungs and pleura pathology in 1206 (57,1%) patients, whereas the traditional methods were effective only in 905 cases (42,9%).Conclusions. Investigation methods such as multiplanar radioscopy, radiography, chest CT and videothora-coscopy must be included into algorithm of diagnosis and surgical treatment of chest injuries and emergency diseases of chest organs. At chest trauma the videothoracoscopy allows to avoid broad thoracotomy from 9,4% to 4,7% of cases, to reduce the frequency of repeated interventions from 17,4% to 0,5% and diminish a number of early postsurgery complications from 25,4% to 10,9%. Videothoracoscopy of chest traumas allows to reduce frequency of repeated interventions from 19,8 to 1,7%.Цель исследования: оценить эффективность видеоторакоскопии при диагностике и лечении больных с травмами и неотложными заболеваниями органов грудной полости.Материал и методы. Провели анализ результатов лечения 2111 больных с травмами и неотложными заболеваниями органов грудной полости. Все больные находились на стационарном лечении в Республиканском научном центре экстренной медицинской помощи с 2001 по 2014 гг. На этапах начальной диагностики проводили рентгенологические, компьютерно#томографические исследования и видеоторакоскопию. Видеоторакоскопию выполнили при травме грудной клетки у 844 пострадавших, при спонтанном пневмотораксе — у 290 больных. Осложненные формы эхинококкоза легких наблюдали у 238 (11,3%) больных, из которых 72 (30,3%) больным выполнена видеоторакоскопия с последующей ми#ниторакотомией.Результаты. Выявили, что видеоторакоскопия при травме грудной клетки позволяет уменьшить частоту широкой торакотомиии с 9,4 до 4,7%, повторных оперативных вмешательств с 17,4 до 0,5% и частоту ранних послеоперационных осложнений с 25,4 до 10,9%. Видеоторакоскопия при спонтанном пневмотораксе позволяют снизить частоту повторных вмешательств с 19,8 до 1,7%. Видеоторакоскопия и видеоассистиро#ванные вмешательства позволили ликвидировать патологию легких и плевры у 1206 (57,1%) больных, а традиционные методы лечения — у 905 (42,9%).Выводы. Для повышения эффективности диагностики и хирургического лечения травмы груди и неотложных состояний, обусловленных заболеваниями органов грудной клетки, наряду с полипозиционной рентгеноскопией, рентгенографией, компьютерной томографией грудной клетки в алгоритм исследований показано включение видеоторакоскопии

Demographics of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm in different countries: Germany, Tajikistan and Russia

АОРТЫ БРЮШНОЙ АНЕВРИЗМА /ЭПИДАНЕВРИЗМЫ РАЗРЫВДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ СТАТИСТИКАКОМОРБИДНОСТЬСОПУТСТВУЮЩИЕ БОЛЕЗНИФАКТОРЫ РИСКАСМЕРТЕЛЬНЫЙ ИСХОДЛЕТАЛЬНЫЙ ИСХОДЭНДОВАСКУЛЯРНОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕГЕРМАНИЯТАДЖИКИСТАНРОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯРЕТРОСПЕКТИВНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯЦель. Сравнить демографические характеристики, сопутствующие заболевания и факторы риска у пациентов с аневризмой брюшной аорты (АБА), получавших лечение в трех странах: Германия, Таджикистан и Россия. Материал и методы. Было проведено ретроспективное сравнительное исследование с участием пациентов с инфраренальной аневризмой брюшной аорты, которые лечились либо с помощью эндоваскулярного протезирования, либо с помощью открытого протезирования аневризмы брюшной аорты в период с 2011 по 2015 год в Кельне, Душанбе и Рязани. В исследование были включены 711 пациентов: 499 из Кельна, 46 из Душанбе и 166 из Рязани. Ретроспективно были собраны демографические данные, включавшие возраст, пол, индекс массы тела, сопутствующие заболевания (диабет, ишемическая болезнь сердца, гипертония, цереброваскулярные заболевания, ХОБЛ, курение), фактическое лечение, а также диаметр брюшной аорты. Результаты. Статистически значимой разницы в распространенности аневризмы брюшного отдела аорты в зависимости от пола между исследовательскими центрами не было. Точно так же индекс массы тела существенно не отличался между 3 центрами. Однако пациенты из Кельна были старше, чем из Душанбе и Рязани. Количество пациентов с разрывом аневризмы брюшной аорты было значительно меньше в Кельне по сравнению с двумя другими учреждениями (p<0,05). Диаметр AБA у пациентов в Рязани и Душанбе был больше, чем в Кельне. Что касается лекарств, которые получали пациенты, то в Кельне значительно чаще применялись препараты, снижающие агрегацию тромбоцитов, статины и бета-блокаторы. Пациенты из Таджикистана страдали ХОБЛ чаще, чем пациенты из других центров. Заключение. Распространенность сопутствующих заболеваний, факторы риска, а также лекарственная терапия у пациентов с аневризмой инфраренальной брюшной аорты различаются в разных географических регионах.Objective. To compare the demographics, comorbidities and risk factors in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) treated in three different communities; Germany, Tajikistan and Russian Federation. Methods. A retrospective comparative study including patients with an infrarenal AAA who were treated with either endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) or open repair (2011-2015) in Cologne, Dushanbe and Ryazan was done. A total number of 711 patients, 499 from Cologne, 46 from Dushanbe and 166 from Ryazan were included in the study. Demographic data including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities (diabetes, coronary artery disease (CAD)), hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, smoking), actual treatment as well as the diameter of the abdominal aorta were collected, retrospectively. Results. There was no statistically significant difference in AAA prevalence with respect to gender between the study centers. Similarly, the BMI did not differ significantly between these 3 centers. Though, the patients from Cologne were older than those from Dushanbe and Ryazan. Moreover, the number of patients treated due to ruptured aneurysm was significantly lower in Cologne in comparison to the other two centers (P<0,05). The AAA-diameter of patients in Ryazan and Dushanbe was greater than that found in Cologne. Regarding the actual medication that patients were presented with, antiplatelet-aggregation medication, statin and beta blockers were used significantly more often in Cologne. Patients from Tajikistan had COPD more often than patients from the other centers. Conclusion. The prevalence of comorbidities, risk factors as well as medication in patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm is different in the various geographical regions

A novel application of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors in MPGD

We present a novel application of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors in the construction and characterisation of Micro Pattern Gaseous Detector (MPGD), with particular attention to the realisation of the largest triple (Gas electron Multiplier) GEM chambers so far operated, the GE1/1 chambers of the CMS experiment at LHC. The GE1/1 CMS project consists of 144 GEM chambers of about 0.5 m2 active area each, employing three GEM foils per chamber, to be installed in the forward region of the CMS endcap during the long shutdown of LHC in 2108-2019. The large active area of each GE1/1 chamber consists of GEM foils that are mechanically stretched in order to secure their flatness and the consequent uniform performance of the GE1/1 chamber across its whole active surface. So far FBGs have been used in high energy physics mainly as high precision positioning and re-positioning sensors and as low cost, easy to mount, low space consuming temperature sensors. FBGs are also commonly used for very precise strain measurements in material studies. In this work we present a novel use of FBGs as flatness and mechanical tensioning sensors applied to the wide GEM foils of the GE1/1 chambers. A network of FBG sensors have been used to determine the optimal mechanical tension applied and to characterise the mechanical tension that should be applied to the foils. We discuss the results of the test done on a full-sized GE1/1 final prototype, the studies done to fully characterise the GEM material, how this information was used to define a standard assembly procedure and possible future developments.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, presented by Luigi Benussi at MPGD 2015 (Trieste, Italy). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1512.0848

Development and performance of Triple-GEM detectors for the upgrade of the muon system of the CMS experiment

The CMS Collaboration is evaluating GEM detectors for the upgrade of the muon system. This contribution will focus on the R&D performed on chambers design features and will discuss the performance of the upgraded detector

Simulation of the CMS Resistive Plate Chambers

The Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) muon subsystem contributes significantly to the formation of the trigger decision and reconstruction of the muon trajectory parameters. Simulation of the RPC response is a crucial part of the entire CMS Monte Carlo software and directly influences the final physical results. An algorithm based on the parametrization of RPC efficiency, noise, cluster size and timing for every strip has been developed. Experimental data obtained from cosmic and proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV have been used for determination of the parameters. A dedicated validation procedure has been developed. A good agreement between the simulated and experimental data has been achieved.Comment: to be published in JINS

Operational experience with the GEM detector assembly lines for the CMS forward muon upgrade

The CMS Collaboration has been developing large-area triple-gas electron multiplier (GEM) detectors to be installed in the muon Endcap regions of the CMS experiment in 2019 to maintain forward muon trigger and tracking performance at the High-Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC); 10 preproduction detectors were built at CERN to commission the first assembly line and the quality controls (QCs). These were installed in the CMS detector in early 2017 and participated in the 2017 LHC run. The collaboration has prepared several additional assembly and QC lines for distributed mass production of 160 GEM detectors at various sites worldwide. In 2017, these additional production sites have optimized construction techniques and QC procedures and validated them against common specifications by constructing additional preproduction detectors. Using the specific experience from one production site as an example, we discuss how the QCs make use of independent hardware and trained personnel to ensure fast and reliable production. Preliminary results on the construction status of CMS GEM detectors are presented with details of the assembly sites involvement