Eksplorasi Pasir Sebagai Teknik City Scape Lukisan

Keindahan alam adalah anugerah yang diciptakan oleh Sang Pencipta, dan kota- kota yang dibuat oleh manusia. Kondisi alam dan manusia yang teratur memberi inspirasi dan dijadikan objek dalam berkarya. Ide dan gagasan karya timbul dari pengalaman pribadi karena keindahan alam yang sering tampak memberikan daya tarik tersendiri. Pemandangan alam yang dijadikan objek karya adalah pemandangan alam yang ada di Sumatera Barat dan Grenada. Dua Pemandangan Alam yang berbeda tersebut disatukan dalam sebuah lukisan. Objek pemandangan tersebut juga dikombinasikan dengan beberapa pemandangan lainnya, seperti matahari terbenam. Tekstur pasir memberikan karakteristik khas dibuat pada karya.Teknik melukis yang digunakan teknik plakat. Plakat adalah teknik melukis yang menggunakan cat minyak, cat poster, cat akrilik, dan menggunakan goresan yang tebal, sehingga menghasilkan warna pekat dan padat, sehingga menimbulkan tekstur yang kasar atau nyata

ETHOXOFUME 1000 (EtO): methyl bromide alternative update

Ethylene oxide (C2H4O = EtO) is made from the oxidation of ethylene and over 15 million tonnes are produced annually. For over 80 years EtO has been used as a sterilant / fumigant. EtO is lethal to bacteria, viruses, moulds, insects and their eggs. Historically EtO was used in the fumigation of bulk grain. EtO is still widely used in “cold” sterilization of medical devices and instruments. With the precondition of destroying vented EtO at the completion of fumigation, EtO could be a niche methyl bromide (CH3Br = MeBr) alternative. EtO is toxic by inhalation with an LD50 of 330 mg.kg-1 EtO is classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Occupational Limits: TLV-TWA (1 ppm); OEL (UK)-LTEL (5 ppm). EtO is a colourless, highly flammable gas (Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) = 3 vol% in air) which liquefies at 10.9oC. To reduce flammability EtO is mixed 12 vol% EtO in carbon dioxide (CO2). Onsite mixing of EtO and Air is an option, however the EtO must be kept below 54 g.m-3 (3 vol%) – higher doses of EtO would require on-site mixing with CO2 or N2. Quarantine fumigations using ETHOXOFUME 1000 are carried out using vacuum chambers to treat non-food import and export commodities. On completion of the fumigation the EtO/Air mixture can be exhausted using a high pressure fan and destroyed in a “burner” where it is converted to CO2 and H2O. The Ct product for the control of various species of insects show that EtO on a weight basis (g.m-3) has better efficacy than MeBr. A conservative recommended dose rate of 48 g.m-3 results in a concentration of 1.2 vol% for MeBr and 2.7 vol% for EtO (this is less than the LEL of 3 vol%). Keywords: Ethylene oxide, Fumigant, Sterilant, Insecticide, Incineratio

PD-L1 testing for lung cancer in the UK: recognizing the challenges for implementation.

A new approach to the management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has recently emerged that works by manipulating the immune checkpoint controlled by programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Several drugs targeting PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab) or PD-L1 (atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab) have been approved or are in the late stages of development. Inevitably, the introduction of these drugs will put pressure on healthcare systems, and there is a need to stratify patients to identify those who are most likely to benefit from such treatment. There is evidence that responsiveness to PD-1 inhibitors may be predicted by expression of PD-L1 on neoplastic cells. Hence, there is considerable interest in using PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining to guide the use of PD-1-targeted treatments in patients with NSCLC. This article reviews the current knowledge about PD-L1 testing, and identifies current research requirements. Key factors to consider include the source and timing of sample collection, pre-analytical steps (sample tracking, fixation, tissue processing, sectioning, and tissue prioritization), analytical decisions (choice of biomarker assay/kit and automated staining platform, with verification of standardized assays or validation of laboratory-devised techniques, internal and external quality assurance, and audit), and reporting and interpretation of the results. This review addresses the need for integration of PD-L1 immunohistochemistry with other tests as part of locally agreed pathways and protocols. There remain areas of uncertainty, and guidance should be updated regularly as new information becomes available

A return to strong radio flaring by Circinus X-1 observed with the Karoo Array Telescope test array KAT-7

Circinus X-1 is a bright and highly variable X-ray binary which displays strong and rapid evolution in all wavebands. Radio flaring, associated with the production of a relativistic jet, occurs periodically on a ~17-day timescale. A longer-term envelope modulates the peak radio fluxes in flares, ranging from peaks in excess of a Jansky in the 1970s to an historic low of milliJanskys during the years 1994 to 2007. Here we report first observations of this source with the MeerKAT test array, KAT-7, part of the pathfinder development for the African dish component of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), demonstrating successful scientific operation for variable and transient sources with the test array. The KAT-7 observations at 1.9 GHz during the period 13 December 2011 to 16 January 2012 reveal in temporal detail the return to the Jansky-level events observed in the 1970s. We compare these data to contemporaneous single-dish measurements at 4.8 and 8.5 GHz with the HartRAO 26-m telescope and X-ray monitoring from MAXI. We discuss whether the overall modulation and recent dramatic brightening is likely to be due to an increase in the power of the jet due to changes in accretion rate or changing Doppler boosting associated with a varying angle to the line of sight.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS 14 May 201

The crystal structures of fourN-(4-halophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamides

Four N-(4-halophen­yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamides (halo = F, Cl, Br and I), N-(4-fluoro­phen­yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10FNO3, N-(4-chloro­phen­yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10ClNO3, N-(4-bromo­phen­yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10BrNO3, N-(4-iodo­phen­yl)-4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carboxamide, C16H10INO3, have been structurally characterized. The mol­ecules are essentially planar and each exhibits an anti conformation with respect to the C—N rotamer of the amide and a cis geometry with respect to the relative positions of the Carom—Carom bond of the chromone ring and the carbonyl group of the amide. The structures each exhibit an intra­molecular hydrogen-bonding network comprising an N—H⋯O hydrogen bond between the amide N atom and the O atom of the carbonyl group of the pyrone ring, forming an S(6) ring, and a weak Carom—H⋯O inter­action with the O atom of the carbonyl group of the amide as acceptor, which forms another S(6) ring. All four compounds have the same supra­molecular structure, consisting of R 2 2(13) rings that are propagated along the a-axis direction by unit translation. There is π–π stacking involving inversion-related mol­ecules in each structure.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Crystal structures of two 6-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)-5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-ones

he title compounds, 6-(2-hy­droxy­benz­yl)-5H-thia­zolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one, C13H8N2O3S, (1), and 6-(2-hy­droxy­benz­yl)-3-methyl-5H-thia­zolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one, C14H10N2O3S, (2), were synthesized when a chromone-3-carb­oxy­lic acid, activated with (benzotriazol-1-yl­oxy)tripyrrolidinyl­phospho­nium hexa­fluorido­phosphate (PyBOP), was reacted with a primary heteromamine. Instead of the expected amidation, the unusual title thia­zolo­pyrimidine-5-one derivatives were obtained serendipitously and a mechanism of formation is proposed. Both compounds present an intra­molecular O-H...O hydrogen bond, which generates an S(6) ring. The dihedral angles between the heterocyclic moiety and the 2-hydroxybenzoyl ring are 55.22 (5) and 46.83 (6)° for (1) and (2), respectively. In the crystals, the mol­ecules are linked by weak C-H...O hydrogen bonds and [pi]-[pi] stacking inter­actions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A relativistic helical jet in the gamma-ray AGN 1156+295

We present the results of a number of high resolution radio observations of the AGN 1156+295. These include multi-epoch and multi-frequency VLBI, VSOP, MERLIN and VLA observations made over a period of 50 months. The 5 GHz MERLIN images trace a straight jet extending to 2 arcsec at P.A. -18 degrees. Extended low brightness emission was detected in the MERLIN observation at 1.6 GHz and the VLA observation at 8.5 GHz with a bend of about 90 degrees at the end of the 2 arcsecond jet. A region of similar diffuse emission is also seen about 2 arcseconds south of the radio core. The VLBI images of the blazar reveal a core-jet structure with an oscillating jet on a milli-arcsecond (mas) scale which aligns with the arcsecond jet at a distance of several tens of milli-arcseconds from the core. This probably indicates that the orientation of the jet structure is close to the line of sight, with the northern jet being relativistically beamed toward us. In this scenario the diffuse emission to the north and south is not beamed and appears symmetrical. For the northern jet at the mas scale, proper motions of 13.7 +/-3.5, 10.6 +/- 2.8, and 11.8 +/- 2.8 c are measured in three distinct components of the jet (q_0=0.5, H_0=65 km /s /Mpc are used through out this paper). Highly polarised emission is detected on VLBI scales in the region in which the jet bends sharply to the north-west. The spectral index distribution of the source shows that the strongest compact component has a flat spectrum, and the extended jet has a steep spectrum. A helical trajectory along the surface of a cone was proposed based on the conservation laws for kinetic energy and momentum to explain the observed phenomena, which is in a good agreement with the observed results on scales of 1 mas to 1 arcsec.Comment: 19 pages with 18 figures. Accepted for publication in the A&

Block to granular-like transition in dense bubble flows

We have experimentally investigated 2-dimensional dense bubble flows underneath inclined planes. Velocity profiles and velocity fluctuations have been measured. A broad second-order phase transition between two dynamical regimes is observed as a function of the tilt angle $\theta$. For low $\theta$ values, a block motion is observed. For high $\theta$ values, the velocity profile becomes curved and a shear velocity gradient appears in the flow.Comment: Europhys. Lett. (2003) in pres