42 research outputs found
Novel Root-Fungus Symbiosis in Ericaceae: Sheathed Ericoid Mycorrhiza Formed by a Hitherto Undescribed Basidiomycete with Affinities to Trechisporales
Ericaceae (the heath family) are widely distributed calcifuges inhabiting soils with inherently poor nutrient status. Ericaceae overcome nutrient limitation through symbiosis with ericoid mycorrhizal (ErM) fungi that mobilize nutrients complexed in recalcitrant organic matter. At present, recognized ErM fungi include a narrow taxonomic range within the Ascomycota, and the Sebacinales, basal Hymenomycetes with unclamped hyphae and imperforate parenthesomes. Here we describe a novel type of basidiomycetous ErM symbiosis, termed âsheathed ericoid mycorrhizaâ, discovered in two habitats in mid-Norway as a co-dominant mycorrhizal symbiosis in Vaccinium spp. The basidiomycete forming sheathed ErM possesses clamped hyphae with perforate parenthesomes, produces 1- to 3-layer sheaths around terminal parts of hair roots and colonizes their rhizodermis intracellularly forming hyphal coils typical for ErM symbiosis. Two basidiomycetous isolates were obtained from sheathed ErM and molecular and phylogenetic tools were used to determine their identity; they were also examined for the ability to form sheathed ErM and lignocellulolytic potential. Surprisingly, ITS rDNA of both conspecific isolates failed to amplify with the most commonly used primer pairs, including ITS1 and ITS1F + ITS4. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear LSU, SSU and 5.8S rDNA indicates that the basidiomycete occupies a long branch residing in the proximity of Trechisporales and Hymenochaetales, but lacks a clear sequence relationship (>90% similarity) to fungi currently placed in these orders. The basidiomycete formed the characteristic sheathed ErM symbiosis and enhanced growth of Vaccinium spp. in vitro, and degraded a recalcitrant aromatic substrate that was left unaltered by common ErM ascomycetes. Our findings provide coherent evidence that this hitherto undescribed basidiomycete forms a morphologically distinct ErM symbiosis that may occur at significant levels under natural conditions, yet remain undetected when subject to amplification by âuniversalâ primers. The lignocellulolytic assay suggests the basidiomycete may confer host adaptations distinct from those provisioned by the so far investigated ascomycetous ErM fungi
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a method for determination of freezing injury in strawberry crowns
Foliar uptake and partioning of urea-N by strawberry plants as affected by timing of supply and plant N status
Effekt pĂĽ avling og fruktkvalitet i jordbĂŚr av kulturtiltak i tunneldyrking
Forsøkene undersøkte virkningen av vekstduk og mulchtype pĂĽ avling og kvalitetskomponenter i âKoronaâ jordbĂŚr ved dyrking i tunnel i to ĂĽr. Tunnelen førte til redusert innstrĂĽling (PAR), sĂŚrlig i det andre avlingsĂĽret, og enkelte dager sĂĽ mye at det ville ha negativ effekt pĂĽ avling. Vekstduk reduserte fruktstørrelse og avling i det første ĂĽret, mens hvit mulch ikke hadde noen klar effekt pĂĽ totalavling. Imidlertid ga hvit mulch større frukter enn brun mulch i det første avlingsĂĽret, og en større andel frukter større enn 25 mm i begge ĂĽrene. NĂĽr bladverket var utvokst ble temperaturen i plantebestanden høyere over hvit enn over brun plastfoliemulch pĂĽ dager med sterk innstrĂĽling og %RF ble samtidig kraftig redusert. Temperaturen under vekstduken ble betydelig høyere enn uten vekstduk, og i det første ĂĽret sĂĽ høy at plantene ble utsatt for varmestress. I begge ĂĽrene økte klorofyllinnholdet i bladene ved dyrking pĂĽ hvit sammenlignet med brun folie. I det første ĂĽret ga vekstduk økt klorofyllinnhold, mens forholdet var motsatt i det andre ĂĽret. Fruktkvaliteten ble pĂĽvirket bĂĽde av fruktorden, mulchtype og vekstduk.Effekt pĂĽ avling og fruktkvalitet i jordbĂŚr av kulturtiltak i tunneldyrkingpublishedVersio
Effect of fruit order, polyethylene mulch colour and early forcing on the fruit quality of tunnel-grown strawberry cv. 'Korona'
v2007o
Influence of Mineral Nutrients on Strawberry Fruit Quality and Their Accumulation in Plants Organs: A Review
none5mixedR. Nestby; F. Lieten; D. Pivot; C. Raynal Lacroix; M. TagliaviniR. Nestby; F. Lieten; D. Pivot; C. Raynal Lacroix; M. Tagliavin