57 research outputs found
Skylab-EREP studies in computer mapping of terrain in the Cripple Creek-Canon City area of Colorado
Multispectral-scanner data from satellites are used as input to computers for automatically mapping terrain classes of ground cover. Some major problems faced in this remote-sensing task include: (1) the effect of mixtures of classes and, primarily because of mixtures, the problem of what constitutes accurate control data, and (2) effects of the atmosphere on spectral responses. The fundamental principles of these problems are presented along with results of studies of them for a test site of Colorado, using LANDSAT-1 data
Sex Segregation and Salary Structure in Academia
This article reports a study of aggregate unit salary levels, within a major research university. We analyze these salary levels, as they are influenced by unit sex composition, and modified by unit attainment levelsâwhere unit refers to the departments, colleges and schools, and other academic divisions of the university. We investigate three central issues of sex and salary, previously overlooked in salary studies of academic employees: Do high proportions of women depress men's unit salary levels ("competition" hypothesis)? Are women's salary levels higher in male-dominated, and lower in female-dominated, units ("concentration" hypothesis)? Are men salary-compensated for working with women ("compensation" hypothesis)? The findings support none of these hypotheses. Rather, the relationship between unit sex composition and salary rests upon the connection between units' composition and attainment levels.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69126/2/10.1177_073088848100800103.pd
Tuning Electron-Transfer Properties in 5,10,15,20-Tetra(1âČ- hexanoylferrocenyl)porphyrins as Prospective Systems for Quantum Cellular Automata and Platforms for Four-Bit Information Storage
Metal-free (1) and zinc (2) 5,10,15,20-tetra(1âČ-hexanoylferrocenyl)porphyrins were prepared using an acid-catalyzed tetramerization reaction between pyrrole and 1âČ-(1-hexanoyl)ferrocencarboxaldehyde. New organometallic compounds were characterized by combination of 1H, 13C, and variable-temperature NMR, UVâvis, magnetic circular dichroism, and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry methods. The redox properties of 1 and 2 were probed by electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry), spectroelectrochemical, and chemical oxidation approaches coupled with UVâvisânear-IR and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Electrochemical data recorded in the dichloromethane/TBA[B(C6F5)4] system (TBA[B(C6F5)4] is a weakly coordinating tetrabutylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate electrolyte) are suggestive of â1eâ + 1eâ + 2eââ oxidation sequence for four ferrocene groups in 1 and 2, which followed by oxidation process centered at the porphyrin core. The separation between all ferrocene-centered oxidation electrochemical waves is very large (510â660 mV). The nature of mixed-valence [1]n+ and [2]n+ (n = 1 or 2) complexes was probed by the spectroelectrochemical and chemical oxidation methods. Analysis of the intervalence charge-transfer band in [1]+ and [2]+ is suggestive of the Class II (in RobinâDay classification) behavior of all mixed-valence species, which correlate well with Mössbauer data. Density functional theoryâpolarized continuum model (DFT-PCM) and time-dependent (TD) DFT-PCM methods were applied to correlate redox and optical properties of organometallic complexes 1 and 2 with their electronic structures
Why Do Companies Use Performance-Related Pay for Their Executive Directors?
This paper sets out the results of interview-based research to determine why
companies use performance-related pay. The findings indicate that many companies
adopt this structure despite a belief that the money does not motivate
executives. Reasons related in part to best practice in human resource
management: pay structures were designed to attract and retain executives with
the potential of large earnings; to focus their efforts in the direction agreed
by the board; and to demonstrate fairness. Importantly, the variable pay was
seen as a symbol of the director's success, both internally and to his or her
peers in other companies. Finally, and significantly, an institutional theory
explanation was given: companies used performance-related pay because their
peers did, and because that legitimised them in the eyes of the establishment
Tuning Electron-Transfer Properties in 5,10,15,20-Tetra(1âČ-hexanoylferrocenyl)porphyrins as Prospective Systems for Quantum Cellular Automata and Platforms for Four-Bit Information Storage
Metal-free (<b>1</b>) and zinc (<b>2</b>) 5,10,15,20-tetraÂ(1âČ-hexanoylferrocenyl)Âporphyrins
were prepared using an acid-catalyzed tetramerization reaction between
pyrrole and 1âČ-(1-hexanoyl)Âferrocencarboxaldehyde. New organometallic
compounds were characterized by combination of <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C, and variable-temperature NMR, UVâvis, magnetic
circular dichroism, and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass
spectrometry methods. The redox properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were probed by electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry and differential
pulse voltammetry), spectroelectrochemical, and chemical oxidation
approaches coupled with UVâvisânear-IR and MoÌssbauer
spectroscopy. Electrochemical data recorded in the dichloromethane/TBAÂ[BÂ(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>] system (TBAÂ[BÂ(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>] is a weakly coordinating tetrabutylammonium
tetrakisÂ(pentafluorophenyl)Âborate electrolyte) are suggestive of â1e<sup>â</sup> + 1e<sup>â</sup> + 2e<sup>â</sup>â
oxidation sequence for four ferrocene groups in <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>, which followed by oxidation process centered at the porphyrin
core. The separation between all ferrocene-centered oxidation electrochemical
waves is very large (510â660 mV). The nature of mixed-valence
[<b>1</b>]<sup><i>n</i>+</sup> and [<b>2</b>]<sup><i>n</i>+</sup> (<i>n</i> = 1 or 2) complexes
was probed by the spectroelectrochemical and chemical oxidation methods.
Analysis of the intervalence charge-transfer band in [<b>1</b>]<sup>+</sup> and [<b>2</b>]<sup>+</sup> is suggestive of the
Class II (in RobinâDay classification) behavior of all mixed-valence
species, which correlate well with MoÌssbauer data. Density
functional theoryâpolarized continuum model (DFT-PCM) and time-dependent
(TD) DFT-PCM methods were applied to correlate redox and optical properties
of organometallic complexes <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> with
their electronic structures
ROUTES TO A FEMINIST ORIENTATION AMONG WOMEN AUTOWORKERS
This article analyzes the orientation of 150 women autoworkers toward feminism. Demographic variables had no significant independent effects when considered with other variables. Age, marital status, and education did have noteworthy mediated effects. Seniority level, workplace threat, and job skills were significant determinants of feminist orientations. Women's feelings of being trapped in a job, their feelings of job competence, and their self-esteem were also important factors. The interrelationships among the variables suggested that there are two routes to profeminist attitudes. One route is followed by older, higher-seniority women who develop a positive stance toward feminism as a result of mostly positive work-related experiences (high skills, high job competence, high self-esteem). The other route is followed by younger, divorced, or college-educated women whose negative work-related experiences (low seniority, low job skills, high job entrapment, low job competence) apparently sensitize them to feminist issues.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67586/2/10.1177_089124388002004006.pd
Visible iris sign as a predictor of problems during and following anterior approach ptosis surgery
- âŠ