Importance of the temperature in the interaction plant-geminivirus

Introduction. Geminivirusare plant viruses that have circular single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genome encapsidated in twinned quasi-icosahedral (geminate) virionsand are a serious threat to diverse economically important crops such as tomato, pepper and cassava. TYLCV (Tomato yellow leaf curl virus) belongs to the genus begomovirus which is by far, the largest of the seven genera in the family Geminiviridae and it is a pathogen that induces a devastating disease in tomato in the Mediterranean region. Cultured tomatoes are often exposed to a combination of extreme heat and infection with TYLCV and this combination leads to intense disease symptoms and yield losses.The impact of temperature over the interaction tomato- TYLCVhas been characterized (Ghandi et al., 2016) but these results seem to be contradictory to our findings. Objective. The main objective of this work is to improve our understanding of the impact that high temperature has in the interaction plant-geminivirus.Material and methods. Nicotianabenthamiana plants were infected with TYLCV and growth in a chamber at 21 ºC or at 35 ºC. The amount of virus, symptoms, plant height and number of leaves were monitored at 14, 21 and 28 dpi (days post-infection). Three biological replicates were performed, each containing 15 infected plants and 10 non-infected plants (mock). Results. No differences were observed between non-infected and infected plants at both temperatures, in plant height or in the number of leaves, but the amount of virus and the severity of symptoms were significantly reduced in plants at high temperature. Conclusions. We conclude that TYLCV yield decreases in N. benthamiana due to high temperature and ongoing experiments in tomato TYLCV-infected plants will let us determine the importance of this finding in an agronomical important crop and to compare our results with the published data.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Prevalencia del sindrome bronquial obstructivo en menores de 3 anos en el servicio de atencion primaria de La Florida

47 p.En Chile, las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) constituyen un importante problema de salud pública. Debido a esto, se elaboró el Programa IRA que incorpora el manejo moderno del síndrome bronquial obstructivo. El SBO se asocia a infecciones respiratorias virales en el menor de 2 años en el 20 a 25% de los casos, especialmente en los meses de invierno, representando por si solo el 23% de todas las consultas de morbilidad pediátrica en Santiago de Chile, y afecta a la cuarta parte de todos los niños menores de un año. En el presente estudio se determinó la Prevalencia de Síndrome Bronquial Obstructivo en menores de 3 años en el Servicio de Atención Primaria de La Florida, en la ciudad de Talca para conocer el número de casos en un tiempo determinado de esta patología. El estudio fue realizado en Consultorio de La Florida, entre los meses de Agosto de 2006 y Noviembre de 2007. Se realizó una revisión de 823 fichas de niños menores de 3 años (grupo poblacional). Dentro de la recolección de datos se utilizó un cuestionario de elaboración propia. Para el análisis de los resultados se utilizó el programa STATA 7.0

Experimental Assessment of a Forward-Collision Warning System Fusing Deep Learning and Decentralized Radio Sensing

This paper presents the idea of an automatic forward-collision warning system based on a decentralized radio sensing (RS) approach. In this framework, a vehicle in receiving mode employs a continuous waveform (CW) transmitted by a second vehicle as a probe signal to detect oncoming vehicles and warn the driver of a potential forward collision. Such a CW can easily be incorporated as a pilot signal within the data frame of current multicarrier vehicular communication systems. Detection of oncoming vehicles is performed by a deep learning (DL) module that analyzes the features of the Doppler signature imprinted on the CW probe signal by a rapidly approaching vehicle. This decentralized CW RS approach was assessed experimentally using data collected by a series of field trials conducted in a two-lanes high-speed highway. Detection performance was evaluated for two different DL models: a long short-term memory network and a convolutional neural network. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of the envisioned forward-collision warning system based on the fusion of DL and decentralized CW RS

Identification of circulating miRNA profiles that distinguish malignant pleural mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma

Accurate diagnosis of malignant pleura mesothelioma (MPM) is challenging. Differential diagnosis of MPM versus lung adenocarcinoma (AD) is particularly difficult, yet clinically important since the two neoplasias call for different treatment approaches. Circulating miRNA-profiling to identify miRNAs that can be used to distinguish MPM from AD has not been reported. We conducted a wide screening study of miRNA profiles in serum pools of MPM patients (N = 11), AD patients (N = 36), and healthy subjects (N = 45) to identify non-invasive biomarkers for differential diagnosis of MPM and AD, using deep sequencing. Sequencing detected up to 300 known miRNAs and up to 25 novel miRNAs species in the serum samples. Among known miRNAs, 7 were upregulated in MPM and 12 were upregulated in AD compared to healthy controls. Of these, eight were distinctive for AD and three were unique for MPM. Direct comparison of the miRNA profiles for MPM and AD revealed differences in miRNA levels that could be useful for differential diagnosis. No differentially expressed novel miRNAs were found. Further bioinformatics analysis indicated that three upregulated miRNAs in MPM are associated with the p38 pathway. There are unique alterations in serum miRNAs in MPM and AD compared to healthy controls, as well as differences between MPM and AD profiles. Differing miRNA levels between MPM and AD may be useful for differential diagnosis. A potential association to p38 pathway of three upregulated miRNAs in MPM was revealed

Modular reorganization of the global network of gene regulatory interactions during perinatal human brain development.

BACKGROUND During early development of the nervous system, gene expression patterns are known to vary widely depending on the specific developmental trajectories of different structures. Observable changes in gene expression profiles throughout development are determined by an underlying network of precise regulatory interactions between individual genes. Elucidating the organizing principles that shape this gene regulatory network is one of the central goals of developmental biology. Whether the developmental programme is the result of a dynamic driven by a fixed architecture of regulatory interactions, or alternatively, the result of waves of regulatory reorganization is not known. RESULTS Here we contrast these two alternative models by examining existing expression data derived from the developing human brain in prenatal and postnatal stages. We reveal a sharp change in gene expression profiles at birth across brain areas. This sharp division between foetal and postnatal profiles is not the result of pronounced changes in level of expression of existing gene networks. Instead we demonstrate that the perinatal transition is marked by the widespread regulatory rearrangement within and across existing gene clusters, leading to the emergence of new functional groups. This rearrangement is itself organized into discrete blocks of genes, each targeted by a distinct set of transcriptional regulators and associated to specific biological functions. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence of an acute modular reorganization of the regulatory architecture of the brain transcriptome occurring at birth, reflecting the reassembly of new functional associations required for the normal transition from prenatal to postnatal brain development

Pion interferometry in Au+Au collisions at sNN\sqrt{\mathrm{s}_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}} = 200 GeV

We present a systematic analysis of two-pion interferometry in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV using the STAR detector at RHIC. We extract the HBT radii and study their multiplicity, transverse momentum, and azimuthal angle dependence. The Gaussianess of the correlation function is studied. Estimates of the geometrical and dynamical structure of the freeze-out source are extracted by fits with blast wave parameterizations. The expansion of the source and its relation with the initial energy density distribution is studied.Comment: 21 pages, 30 figures. As published in Physics Review

Transverse momentum and collision energy dependence of high pTp_{T} hadron suppression in Au+Au collisions at ultrarelativistic energies

We report high statistics measurements of inclusive charged hadron production in Au+Au and p+p collisions at \sqrtsNN=200 GeV. A large, approximately constant hadron suppression is observed in central Au+Au collisions for 5\lt\pT\lt12 GeV/c. The collision energy dependence of the yields and the centrality and \pT dependence of the suppression provide stringent constraints on theoretical models of suppression. Models incorporating initial-state gluon saturation or partonic energy loss in dense matter are largely consistent with observations. We observe no evidence of \pT-dependent suppression, which may be expected from models incorporating jet attentuation in cold nuclear matter or scattering of fragmentation hadrons.Comment: Final journal version. Data tables for figures may be downloaded from the STAR home page: http://www.star.bnl.gov --> Publications --> Access to STAR published dat