A Review of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Transformed Health Ecosystems

Health care is shifting toward become proactive according to the concept of P5 medicine – a predictive, personalized, preventive, participatory and precision discipline. This patient-centered care heavily leverages the latest technologies of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics that support diagnosis, decision making and treatment. In this paper, we present the role of AI and robotic systems in this evolution, including example use cases. We categorize systems along multiple dimensions such as the type of system, the degree of autonomy, the care setting where the systems are applied, and the application area. These technologies have already achieved notable results in the prediction of sepsis or cardiovascular risk, the monitoring of vital parameters in intensive care units, or in the form of home care robots. Still, while much research is conducted around AI and robotics in health care, adoption in real world care settings is still limited. To remove adoption barriers, we need to address issues such as safety, security, privacy and ethical principles; detect and eliminate bias that could result in harmful or unfair clinical decisions; and build trust in and societal acceptance of AI

The subelliptic heat kernel on SU(2): Representations, Asymptotics and Gradient bounds

The Lie group SU(2) endowed with its canonical subriemannian structure appears as a three-dimensional model of a positively curved subelliptic space. The goal of this work is to study the subelliptic heat kernel on it and some related functional inequalities.Comment: Update: Added section + Correction of typo

Curvature-dimension inequalities and Li-Yau inequalities in sub-Riemannian spaces

In this paper we present a survey of the joint program with Fabrice Baudoin originated with the paper \cite{BG1}, and continued with the works \cite{BG2}, \cite{BBG}, \cite{BG3} and \cite{BBGM}, joint with Baudoin, Michel Bonnefont and Isidro Munive.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1101.359

Fabrication and Electro-optic Properties of MWCNT Driven Novel Electroluminescent Lamp

We present a novel, cost-effective and facile technique, wherein multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (CNTs) were used to transform a photoluminescent material to exhibit stable and efficient electroluminescence (EL) at low-voltages. As a case study, a commercially available ZnS:Cu phosphor (P-22G) was combined with a very low concentration of CNTs dispersed in ethanol and its alternating current driven electroluminescence (AC-EL) is demonstrated. The role of CNTs has been understood as a local electric field enhancer and facilitator in the hot carrier injection inside the ZnS crystal to produce EL in the hybrid material. The mechanism of EL is discussed using an internal field emission model, intra-CNT impact excitation and the recombination of electrons and holes through the impurity states.Comment: 9 Figure

Implementation of drift velocities and currents in SOLEDGE2D-EIRENE

International audienceIn order to improve cross-field transport description, drifts and currents have been implemented in SOLEDGE2D-EIRENE. The derivation of an equation for the electric potential is recalled. The resolution of current equation is tested in a simple slab case. WEST divertor simulations in forward-B and reverse-B fields are also discussed. A significant increase of ExB shear is observed in the forward-B configuration that could explain a favorable L-H transition in this case

Determinants of radiographic progression in early psoriatic arthritis:Insights from a real-world cohort

Objective Persistent articular inflammation in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is associated with radiographic damage. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, radiographic structural damage remains prevalent in PsA. To elucidate this topic, we studied which baseline clinical characteristics determine radiographic progression. Methods For this analysis, data were used from DEPAR (Dutch South West Psoriatic Arthritis) Study, a real-world cohort of patients with newly diagnosed PsA. Radiographic changes were assessed using the modified Total Sharp/van der Heijde Score (mTSS) for PsA. Univariable-multivariable mixed-effects negative binomial regression analysis was applied to define baseline predictors for radiographic progression over time. Results The study included 476 patients with early PsA with 1660 hand and feet radiographs from four different time points (baseline, first, second and third year). The progressive group (n=71) had a higher mTSS compared with the non-progressive group (n=405) at diagnosis (17 (3-36) vs 0 (0-1)). A comparison of the two groups revealed that the progressive group had significantly older (59 (12) vs 49 (13)) and a higher rate of the presence of swollen joints (93% vs 78%) at diagnosis. Multivariable analysis identified age (incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.10, p=0.000), sex (female) (IRR=0.48, p=0.043) and baseline mTSS (IRR=1.11, p=0.000) as significant determinants of radiographic change over time. For the progressive subset, additionally, the multivariable analysis highlighted baseline Disease Activity in PSoriatic Arthritis (IRR=1.05, p=0.006) and swollen joint count (IRR=1.07, p=0.034) as predictors. Conclusions According to this real-world cohort, patients with early PsA exhibit minimal radiographic progression under current treatment protocols. This study indicates that while old age and initial radiographic damage predict progression, female sex confers a protective effect on it. Furthermore, disease activity score and swollen joints emerged as predictors for radiographic changes during the follow-up in progressive patients.</p

Analisis de la variabilidad molecular de una coleccion peruana de Smallanthus sonchofolius (Poepp & Endl) H. Robinson

peer reviewe

Reliability testing of tendon disease using two different scanning methods in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Objective. To assess the intra- and interobserver reliability of musculoskeletal ultrasonography (US) in detecting inflammatory and destructive tendon abnormalities in patients with RA using two different scanning methods.Methods. Thirteen observers examined nine patients with RA and one healthy individual in two rounds independently and blindly of each other. Each round consisted of two consecutive examinations, an anatomy-based examination and a free examination according to personal preferences. The following tendons were evaluated: wrist extensor compartments 2, 4 and 6, finger flexor tendons 3 and 4 at MCP level, tibialis posterior tendon and both peronei tendons. Overall, positive and negative agreements and \u3ba-values for greyscale (GS) tenosynovitis, peritendinous power Doppler (PPD) signal, intratendinous power Doppler (IPD) signal and GS tendon damage were calculated.Results. Intraobserver \u3ba-value ranges were 0.53-0.55 (P &lt; 0.0005) for GS tenosynovitis, 0.61-0.64 (P &lt; 0.0005) for PPD signal, 0.65-0.66 (P &lt; 0.0005) for IPD signal and 0.44-0.53 (P &lt; 0.0005) for GS tendon damage. For interobserver reliability, substantial overall agreement ranged from 80 to 89% for GS tenosynovitis, 97 to 100% for PPD signal, 97 to 100% for IPD signal and 97 to 100% for GS tendon damage. Results were independent of scanning technique.Conclusion. Intraobserver reliability for tenosynovitis and tendon damage varied from moderate for GS to good for PD. Overall interobserver reliability for tenosynovitis and tendon damage was excellent both for GS and PD. This qualitative scoring system may serve as the first step to a semi-quantitative score for tendon pathology. \ua9 The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved