[The impact of climate change on the water requirement of grasslands in serbia] [Uticaj klimatskih promena na potrebe prirodnih travnjaka za vodom u Srbiji]

Due to the air temperature increase, longer growing seasons and erratic rainfalls in the last two decades, natural grasslands like meadows or pastures grow in unfavourable climatic conditions that disable the regeneration. The aim of this work is to assess the impact of climate changes on the water requirement of grasslands in Serbia. The results of ensembles of nine regional climate models from the EURO-CORDEX database were used to analyse future climatic conditions. As the most probable value, the median of scores obtained for each ensemble member was considered. The period of 1986–2005 was used as the reference. The time slices in future periods are: 2016–2035 (the near future), 2046–2065 (the mid-century) and 2081–2100 (the end of the century). Analyses were conducted for two scenarios of GHG emissions: RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Permanent grasslands will be more prone to drought risks in the future. Water shortage could be expected at the end of May when the water stored in the soil will be depleted by the duration of drought until September heavy rains. According to both scenarios, an increment of water requirement of 7% could be expected in the near future. The RCP4.5 scenario projects an increase in the water requirement in the range of 10.7–24.2% from the mid to the end of the century. The less favourable but more realistic RCP8.5 scenario projects a water need increment in the range from 4% to 14 % in the mid-century and 28.4–41.9% toward the end of the century. Recent research indicates that drought resistance will be developed through natural diversity and the spread of species resistant to high temperatures and water scarcity

Statistical analysis of temperature regime change on the example of Sokobanja basin in eastern Serbia

The changes and oscillations in air temperature during the second half of the 20th and in the early 21st century, have become one of the major concerns of almost all scientific disciplines. Such changes are noticeable both at the local and global level. The objective of this paper is to point out that the changes of this climate element can also be detected at the local level. The research underlying this paper is, in terms of territory, limited to the Sokobanja basin in Eastern Serbia. The analysis relies on the data on air temperature for the period 1946-2012 taken from the Meteorological weather station located in Sokobanja. The obtained data were processed in line with the recommendations of the World Meteorological Organization. The evidenced statistically significant changes in air temperature were examined using the following statistical tests: Pettit test, Standard Normal Homogeneity test, Buishand range test, and von Neumann test

Win–win for everyone? Reflecting on nature-based solutions for flood risk management from an environmental justice perspective

Nature-based solutions (NbS) are often framed positively in terms of win–win options or no-regret measures. However, are NbS equally beneficial for everyone? Are burdens and benefits of NbS really equally distributed and projects embraced by everyone? Is the process leading to the implementation of NbS always fair and inclusive? This chapter provides a broad overview of different environmental justice issues, critically reflecting on NbS through recognition justice, procedural justice, and distributive justice. Whereas the current critical literature focuses particularly on urban NbS, this chapter focuses on the wider translocal consequences of NbS projects. The theoretical reflections are illustrated with case studies of NbS from various countries: the recognition of marginalised women in Vietnam in mangrove restoration projects, the challenges when introducing procedural justice in implementing NbS in Serbia, the legal injustices locals are faced in the Czech Republic when they want to implement NbS, the trade-off between public collective and individual economic interest when implementing a sand nourishment project in the Netherlands, and the development of a beneficiary-pays based upstream–downstream compensation scheme in Austria

Statistical analysis of temperature regime change on the example of Sokobanja basin in eastern Serbia

The changes and oscillations in air temperature during the second half of the 20th and in the early 21st century, have become one of the major concerns of almost all scientific disciplines. Such changes are noticeable both at the local and global level. The objective of this paper is to point out that the changes of this climate element can also be detected at the local level. The research underlying this paper is, in terms of territory, limited to the Sokobanja basin in Eastern Serbia. The analysis relies on the data on air temperature for the period 1946-2012 taken from the Meteorological weather station located in Sokobanja. The obtained data were processed in line with the recommendations of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The evidenced statistically significant changes in air temperature were examined using the following statistical tests: Pettit test, Standard Normal Homogeneity test, Buishand range test, and von Neumann test. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. ОI 176008

Observed climate changes in the Toplica river valley : Trend analysis of temperature, precipitation and river discharge

Changes in air temperature, precipitation, and the Toplica river discharge were investigated. Annual and seasonal climatic data were collected at weather stations Kursumlija and Prokuplje, and discharge data on hydrological gauges Pepeljevac and Doljevac. The data covered a period of 62 years (1957–2018). Mann-Kendall and Pettitt’s tests have been applied for the periods 1957–2018, 1957–1987, 1988–2018, and 1975–1994, which we find as very important period when atmospheric circulation was altered. Mean annual temperature and precipitation were greater in the second half-period, while the discharge was smaller, even all the signals had growth trend. Mean seasonal temperature increased for all seasons, as well as precipitation, except for summer (JJA). The discharge is lower in the second half-period for almost all seasons, with signs of recovery for all seasons except summer

Uspješno liječenje teškog trovanja valproatom s pomoću hemodijalize

Valproate (VPA) poisoning is an increasing clinical problem. The most common finding in VPA overdose is the depression of the central nervous system, which may progress to coma and death. This type of poisoning is difficult to treat, as no antidote exists. This report describes a case with a 16-year-old girl who poisoned herself with valproate. Initial treatment included naloxone, but she did not respond. She became comatose, with serum VPA concentration of 1320 µg mL-1. Three sessions of haemodialysis were performed, effectively eliminating VPA and decreasing the serum concentration. The patient regained consciousness and fully recovered. To our knowledge, this is the highest serum VPA concentration reported by now in children aged 16 or less. Haemodialysis has proved to be the treatment of choice for life-threatening acute VPA overdose in children.Trovanje valproatom sve je češći klinički problem. Najčešći simptom nađen kod trovanja je depresija središnjega živčanog sustava koja može dovesti do kome i smrti. Trovanje se teško liječi jer antidot ne postoji. Prikazujemo slučaj 16-godišnje djevojke koja se otrovala valproatom. U početku je liječena naloksonom, ali nije došlo do poboljšanja. Postala je komatozna s koncentracijom valproata u serumu od 1320 µg mL-1. Provođenjem triju ciklusa hemodijalize serumska koncentracija valproata učinkovito je smanjena, nakon čega se razina svijesti vratila na normalu i djevojka se potpuno oporavila. Prema našim saznanjima, ovo je slučaj s najvišom izmjerenom serumskom koncentracijom valproata u djece od 16 godina ili manje. Na osnovi dobivenih rezultata preporučujemo uporabu hemodijalize u liječenju teških trovanja valproatom u djece